Download or read book Sol Gel Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a study of the effect of chemical modifiers and dopants on both the anatase to rutile transformation and also the photocatalytic efficiency of semiconductor nanomaterials. The main focus of the work is based on the crystallisation and phase transformation of the widely investigated semiconductor metal oxide, titanium dioxide (TiO2) Of the three polymorphs associated with titanium dioxide, anatase is widely regarded as the most effective photocatalyst. Typically anatase will transform to rutile in the temperature range 600 - 700 °C however, modification of a titanium precursor with a chelating agent can result in extended transformation temperature. The effect of employing various concentrations of formic acid and water on phase transition is systematically studied by XRD, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy (Chapter 3). Retention of anatase (41%) at increased temperatures (800 °C) and 10% at 900 °C is achieved at optimum conditions. On comparison, a control sample prepared without modification with formic acid show rutile formation at 600 °C. FTIR and Raman studies indicate that a bridging titanium-formate structure is formed upon addition of titanium isopropoxide to formic acid. It is proposed that under different reaction conditions, a syn-syn or synanti bridging structure is favoured. It is concluded that the syn-anti bridging structure hinders cross linking of the metal oxide oligomer network, resulting in a weakened structure, facilitating low temperature rutile formation when compared with the syn-syn binding mode which forms a more ordered network, stabilising anatase at increased temperatures. Using the optimum formic acid, titanium isopropoxide molar ratios (TTIP:FA:H2O, 1:4:4) obtained in chapter 3, silver (1, 3 and 5 mol %) was added to the system and the effects are reported (chapter 4). Through XRD it is shown that silver lowers the anatase to rutile transformation temperature. Samples calcined at 700 °C show that 5 mol % Ag-TiO2 contains b.

Download or read book The Sol Gel Handbook written by David Levy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 1616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive three-volume handbook brings together a review of the current state together with the latest developments in sol-gel technology to put forward new ideas. The first volume, dedicated to synthesis and shaping, gives an in-depth overview of the wet-chemical processes that constitute the core of the sol-gel method and presents the various pathways for the successful synthesis of inorganic and hybrid organic-inorganic materials, bio- and bio-inspired materials, powders, particles and fibers as well as sol-gel derived thin films, coatings and surfaces. The second volume deals with the mechanical, optical, electrical and magnetic properties of sol-gel derived materials and the methods for their characterization such as diffraction methods and nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The third volume concentrates on the various applications in the fields of membrane science, catalysis, energy research, biomaterials science, biomedicine, photonics and electronics.

Download or read book Recent Applications in Sol Gel Synthesis written by Usha Chandra and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Versatility, extended compositional ranges, better homogeneity, lesser energy consumption, and requirement of nonexpensive equipments have boosted the use of sol-gel process on top of the popularity in the synthesis of nanosystems. The sol-gel technique has not only revolutionized oxide ceramics industry and/or material science but has also extended widely into multidimensional applications. The book Recent Applications in Sol-Gel Synthesis comprises 14 chapters that deal mainly with the application-oriented aspects of the technique. Sol-gel prepared metal oxide (MO) nanostructures like nanospheres, nanorods, nanoflakes, nanotubes, and nanoribbons have been employed in biomedical applications involving drug deliveries, mimicking of natural bone, and antimicrobial activities. The possibility of controlling grain size in aerogel and preparation of ultrahigh-temperature ceramic (UHTC)-based materials, fluorescent glasses, ultraviolet photosensors, and photocatalysts have been discussed in detail by the experts in the field. The usefulness of sol-gel materials as active GRIN, as textile finisher, and as leather modifier with water-repellent and oil-resistive properties would be an incentive for researchers keen to pursue the field.

Download or read book Synthesis characterization and applications of nanomaterials in the field of photocatalysis written by Shamaila Sajjad and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-08-17 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2011 in the subject Chemistry - Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology (-), language: English, abstract: Considerable effort has been made to design, fabricate, and manipulate nanostructured materials by innovative approaches. The precise control of nanoscale structures will pave the way not only for elucidating unique size/shape dependent physicochemical properties but also for realizing new applications in science and technology. Nanotechnology offers unprecedented opportunities for improving our daily lives and the environment in which we live. This thesis mainly describes recent progress in the design, fabrication, and modification of nanostructured semiconductor materials for environmental applications. The scope of this thesis covers TiO2, Bi2O3 and BiOCl materials, focusing particularly on TiO2-based nanostructures (e.g., pure, doped, coupled, mesoporous, hierarchically porous, and ordered mesoporous TiO2). Mesoporous titania is of particular interest since this class of materials possesses well-defined porosity and large specific surface areas. For photocatalytic degradation of organics, these desirable properties are anticipated to improve the efficiency. So in the first part of work, I have synthesized the mesoporous titania by using poly ethylene glycol as a template in dilute acetic acid aqueous solution by hydrothermal process and investigated the effect of PEG molecular weights and thermal treatment on the resultant structure and photocatalytic activity. When the molecular weights of PEG vary from 600 to 20,000, the particle sizes of mesoporous-TiO2 structure decrease from 15.1 to 13.3 nm and mean pore sizes increase from 6.9-10.6 nm. The activities of these mesoporous-TiO2 photocatalysts prepared by using PEG are evaluated and compared with Degussa P-25 using chloro-phenol as a testing compound. [...]

Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents written by Markus Niederberger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-17 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents discusses recent advances in the chemistry involved for the controlled synthesis and assembly of metal oxide nanoparticles, the characterizations required by such nanoobjects, and their size and shape depending properties. In the last few years, a valuable alternative to the well-known aqueous sol-gel processes was developed in the form of nonaqueous solution routes. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents reviews and compares surfactant- and solvent-controlled routes, as well as providing an overview of techniques for the characterization of metal oxide nanoparticles, crystallization pathways, the physical properties of metal oxide nanoparticles, their applications in diverse fields of technology, and their assembly into larger nano- and mesostructures. Researchers and postgraduates in the fields of nanomaterials and sol-gel chemistry will appreciate this book’s informative approach to chemical formation mechanisms in relation to metal oxides.

Download or read book Handbook of Sol Gel Science and Technology written by Lisa Klein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 3755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This completely updated and expanded second edition stands as a comprehensive knowledgebase on both the fundamentals and applications of this important materials processing method. The diverse, international team of contributing authors of this reference clarify in extensive detail properties and applications of sol-gel science and technology as it pertains to the production of substances, active and non-active, including optical, electronic, chemical, sensor, bio- and structural materials. Essential to a wide range of manufacturing industries, the compilation divides into the three complementary sections: Sol-Gel Processing, devoted to general aspects of processing and recently developed materials such as organic-inorganic hybrids, photonic crystals, ferroelectric coatings, and photocatalysts; Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials and Products, presenting contributions that highlight the notion that useful materials are only produced when characterization is tied to processing, such as determination of structure by NMR, in-situ characterization of the sol-gel reaction process, determination of microstructure of oxide gels, characterization of porous structure of gels by the surface measurements, and characterization of organic-inorganic hybrid; and Applications of Sol-Gel Technology, covering applications such as the sol-gel method used in processing of bulk silica glasses, bulk porous gels prepared by sol-gel method, application of sol-gel method to fabrication of glass and ceramic fibers, reflective and antireflective coating films, application of sol-gel method to formation of photocatalytic coating films, and application of sol-gel method to bioactive coating films. The comprehensive scope and integrated treatment of topics make this reference volume ideal for R&D scientists and engineers across a wide range of disciplines and professional interests.

Download or read book Sol Gel Method written by Guadalupe Valverde Aguilar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sol-gel method is a powerful route of synthesis used worldwide. It produces bulk, nano- and mesostructured sol-gel materials, which can encapsulate metallic and magnetic nanoparticles, non-linear azochromophores, perovskites, organic dyes, biological molecules, etc.. This can have interesting applications for catalysis, photocatalysis; drug delivery for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as cancer, Parkinson's and Azheimer's. In this book, valuable contributions related to novel materials synthesized by the sol-gel route are provided. The effect of the sol-gel method to synthesize these materials with potential properties is described, and how the variation of the parameters during the synthesis influences their design and allows to adjust their properties according to the desired application is discussed.

Download or read book Metal Oxide Based Photocatalysis written by Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide-Based Photocatalysis: Fundamentals and Prospects for Application explains the principles and fundamentals of metal oxide-based photocatalysis and the requirements necessary for their use in photocatalysis. It also discusses preparation methods for photocatalysis, and the advantages, disadvantages and achievements of the most important metal oxides (TiO2, ZnO, Fe2O3, Ta2O3, CuO, NiO, Cr2O3, RuO2, etc.). The book concludes with the most important photocatalytic applications and an overview of the future. Applications are organized by potential needs and solutions, addressing such areas as water treatment, hydrogen production, air treatment, chemical synthesis, and applications in medicine and construction. Provides coverage of applications, presenting needs and solutions Covers essential applications, such as water treatment, hydrogen production, air depollution, medical applications, and much more Includes the characterization of the most important metal oxides used in heterogeneous photocatalysis

Download or read book Handbook of Sol Gel Science and Technology written by S. Sakka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-12-17 with total page 1968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since Dr. Disiich of Germany prepared a glass lens by the sol-gel method around 1970, sol-gel science and technology has continued to develop. Since then this field has seen remarkable technical developments as well as a broadening of the applications of sol-gel science and technology. There is a growing need for a comprehensive reference that treats both the fundamentals and the applications, and this is the aim of Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. The primary purpose of sol-gel science and technology is to produce materials, active and non-active including optical, electronic, chemical, sensor, bio- and structural materials. This means that sol-gel science and technology is related to all kinds of manufacturing industries. Thus Volume 1, Sol-Gel Processing, is devoted to general aspects of processing. Newly developed materials such as organic-inorganic hybrids, photonic crystals, ferroelectric coatings, photocatalysts will be covered. Topics in this volume include: Synthesis and reaction of sol-gel precursors, Preparation of bulk glass and ceramics, Processing of porous materials based on self-organization, Synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, Coating of plastics, Special processes used in sol-gel formation of materials (1. Non-hydrolytic sol-gel process, 2. Sonogels, and 3. UV irradiation). Volume 2, Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials and Products, highlights the important fact that useful materials are only produced when characterization is tied to processing. Furthermore, characterization is essential to the understanding of nanostructured materials, and sol-gel technology is a most important technology in this new field. Since nanomaterials display their functional property based on their nano- and micro-structure, "characterization" is very important. Topics found in Volume 2 include: Determination of structure by NMR, In-situ characterization of the sol-gel reaction process, Determination of microstructure of oxide gels, Characterization of porous structure of gels by the surface measurements, Characterization of organic-inorganic hybrid, Measurements of rheological properties, Measurements of functional properties: fluorescence, laser, non-linear optical and other properties. Sol-gel technology is a versatile technology, making it possible to produce a wide variety of materials and to provide existing substances with novel properties. This technology was applied to producing novel materials, for example organic-inorganic hybrids, which are quite difficult to make by other fabricating techniques, and it was also applied to producing materials based on high temperature superconducting oxides. Volume 3, Applications of Sol-Gel Technology, will cover applications such as: Application of sol-gel method to processing of bulk silica glasses, Bulk porous gels prepared by sol-gel method, Application of sol-gel method to fabrication of glass and ceramic fibers, Reflective and antireflective coating films, Planar waveguides prepared by sol-gel method, Films with micropatterns and two-dimensional photonic crystals, Application of sol-gel method to formation of ferroelectric films, Application of sol-gel method to formation of photocatalytic coating films, Application of sol-gel method to bioactive coating films.

Download or read book The Sol Gel Handbook 3 Volume Set written by David Levy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-02 with total page 1604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive three-volume handbook brings together a review of the current state together with the latest developments in sol-gel technology to put forward new ideas. The first volume, dedicated to synthesis and shaping, gives an in-depth overview of the wet-chemical processes that constitute the core of the sol-gel method and presents the various pathways for the successful synthesis of inorganic and hybrid organic-inorganic materials, bio- and bio-inspired materials, powders, particles and fibers as well as sol-gel derived thin films, coatings and surfaces. The second volume deals with the mechanical, optical, electrical and magnetic properties of sol-gel derived materials and the methods for their characterization such as diffraction methods and nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The third volume concentrates on the various applications in the fields of membrane science, catalysis, energy research, biomaterials science, biomedicine, photonics and electronics.

Download or read book Sol Gel Preparation and Characterization of Metal Silica and Metal Oxide Silica Nanocomposites written by G. Piccaluga and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2000-02-21 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials with nanometer size particles exhibit unique chemical and physical properties. In particular, nanocomposite materials, composed of nanometric metal and metal oxide particles embedded in vitreous matrices, present a variety of interesting magnetic, electric and catalytic properties, that are strongly size-dependent. Among the different preparation methods which can be used to obtain this kind of materials, the sol-gel process is particularly interesting because it is affected by several parameters which allow a versatile control of the structural, textural and chemical properties of the final products. The present volume focusses on the preparation of metal-silica and metal oxide-silica (Me=Ni, Fe, Zn) nanocomposites by the sol-gel method and the characterization of their structural and magnetic properties.

Download or read book Handbook of sol gel science and technology 3 Applications of sol gel technology written by Sumio Sakka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since Dr. Disiich of Germany prepared a glass lens by the sol-gel method around 1970, sol-gel science and technology has continued to develop. Since then this field has seen remarkable technical developments as well as a broadening of the applications of sol-gel science and technology. There is a growing need for a comprehensive reference that treats both the fundamentals and the applications, and this is the aim of "Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology."The primary purpose of sol-gel science and technology is to produce materials, active and non-active including optical, electronic, chemical, sensor, bio- and structural materials. This means that sol-gel science and technology is related to all kinds of manufacturing industries. Thus Volume 1, "Sol-Gel Processing," is devoted to general aspects of processing. Newly developed materials such as organic-inorganic hybrids, photonic crystals, ferroelectric coatings, photocatalysts will be covered. Topics in this volume include: Volume 2, "Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials and Products, "highlights the important fact that useful materials are only produced when characterization is tied to processing. Furthermore, characterization is essential to the understanding of nanostructured materials, and sol-gel technology is a most important technology in this new field. Since nanomaterials display their functional property based on their nano- and micro-structure, "characterization" is very important. Topics found in Volume 2 include: Sol-gel technology is a versatile technology, making it possible to produce a wide variety of materials and to provide existing substances with novel properties. This technology was applied to producingnovel materials, for example organic-inorganic hybrids, which are quite difficult to make by other fabricating techniques, and it was also applied to producing materials based on high temperature superconducting oxides. "Applications of Sol-Gel Technology," (Volume 3), will cover applications such as:

Download or read book Handbook of sol gel science and technology 1 Sol gel processing written by Sumio Sakka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since Dr. Disiich of Germany prepared a glass lens by the sol-gel method around 1970, sol-gel science and technology has continued to develop. Since then this field has seen remarkable technical developments as well as a broadening of the applications of sol-gel science and technology. There is a growing need for a comprehensive reference that treats both the fundamentals and the applications, and this is the aim of "Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology."The primary purpose of sol-gel science and technology is to produce materials, active and non-active including optical, electronic, chemical, sensor, bio- and structural materials. This means that sol-gel science and technology is related to all kinds of manufacturing industries. Thus Volume 1, "Sol-Gel Processing," is devoted to general aspects of processing. Newly developed materials such as organic-inorganic hybrids, photonic crystals, ferroelectric coatings, photocatalysts will be covered. Topics in this volume include: Volume 2, "Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials and Products, "highlights the important fact that useful materials are only produced when characterization is tied to processing. Furthermore, characterization is essential to the understanding of nanostructured materials, and sol-gel technology is a most important technology in this new field. Since nanomaterials display their functional property based on their nano- and micro-structure, "characterization" is very important. Topics found in Volume 2 include: Sol-gel technology is a versatile technology, making it possible to produce a wide variety of materials and to provide existing substances with novel properties. This technology was applied to producingnovel materials, for example organic-inorganic hybrids, which are quite difficult to make by other fabricating techniques, and it was also applied to producing materials based on high temperature superconducting oxides. "Applications of Sol-Gel Technology," (Volume 3), will cover applications such as:

Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Sol gel Derived Metal Oxides with a Special Focus on Controlled Release Applications written by Teresa Czuryszkiewicz and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Photocatalytic Nanomaterials for Environmental Applications written by Rajesh J. Tayade and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-02-25 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photocatalytic nanomaterials have a great potential in such applications as reduction of carbon dioxide and degradation of various pollutants. They are equally important in the production and storage of energy, e.g. in the conversion of solar energy to electricity, and the production of hydrogen in photoelectrochemical cells. Research on synthesis, characterization and specific applications is reported for titanium oxide and a number of other promising catalysts, such as silver phosphate, cerium oxide, zinc oxide and zinc sulfide.

Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanostructures written by Daniela Nunes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide Nanostructures: Synthesis, Properties and Applications covers the theoretical and experimental aspects related to design, synthesis, fabrication, processing, structural, morphological, optical and electronic properties on the topic. In addition, it reviews surface functionalization and hybrid materials, focusing on the advantages of these oxide nanostructures. The book concludes with the current and future prospective applications of these materials. Users will find a complete overview of all the important topics related to oxide nanostructures, from the physics of the materials, to its application. Delves into hybrid structured metal oxides and their promising use in the next generation of electronic devices Includes fundamental chapters on synthesis design and the properties of metal oxide nanostructures Provides an in-depth overview of novel applications, including chromogenics, electronics and energy

Download or read book Synthesis of Zinc Oxide by Sol Gel Method for Photoelectrochemical Cells written by Siti Salwa Alias and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the study of synthesized ZnO powder using Zn(CH3COO)2∙2H2O precursor, methanol (as solvent), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to vary the pH. The successfully synthesized ZnO powder from the sol-gel centrifugation and sol-gel storage methods were characterized and investigated by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence test to compare the properties of the nanoparticles. The best characteristic of the ZnO powder from both methods was observed when the powders were coated on an ITO glass to fabricate a PEC. The current density–voltage performances of both PECs were investigated under luminescent and dark conditions.