Download or read book Soil Solution Chemistry Profile Development and Mineral Authigenesis in Several Western Oregon Soils written by Joseph Reed Glasmann and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clay mineral genesis was studied in soils representative of several different geomorphic surfaces in western Oregon, ranging in age from Pliocene-early Pleistocene to late Pleistocene. Soil solution studies, clay mineralogy, and soil raicromorphology were employed to provide evidence of clay mineral synthesis and interpret soil genesis. Soils at each study area were characterized by distinct differences in soil solution chemistry, clay mineralogy, plasmic fabric, and genetic history, although parent material compositions between sites were often similar. Soil solution studies suggested that clay mineral synthesis from solution does not occur in soils representing the oldest geomorphic surface. The cxic soil properties at this location were developed during a prior weathering cycle and the soils are at a genetic endpoint in the present environment. Soil solutions from Ultisols on remnants of Pleistocene surfaces in the Oregon Coast Range were in equilibrium with respect to kaolinite in the solum, but stable with respect to Mg-montmorillonite in the zone characterizing active bedrock weathering. Microraorphological, clay mineralogical, and chemical evidence suggested that alteration of Mgchlorite in sedimentary rocks leads to smectite genesis in the Cr horizon of the Ultisols, followed by conversion of smectite to halloysite and chloritic intergrade in the solum. Alteration of basalt in these soils also leads to the formation of smectite, which is unstable with respect to halloysite in well-drained microenvironments within soil profiles. Soil solutions from soils characteristic of silt-mantled late Pleistocene surfaces on the western margins of the Willamette Valley showed compositional variation from pedon to pedon and horizon to horizon within individual pedons, reflecting the influence of soil parent material compositional variation. Soil solutions were generally in equilibrium with respect to kaolinite, although solutions from horizons developed in tuffaceous sediments were in equilibrium with Mg-montmorillonite. Both kaolinite and smectite were observed as products of mineral authigenesis in these soils. Authigenic clay showed delicate honeycomb or hexagonal morphology in contrast to the parallel oriented appearance of illuvial clays. Andesite alteration in wet, unstable soils of Oregon's western Cascades also resulted in the formation of smectite. The sequence of mineral alteration in andesites is similar to that described for basalts; however, the final products of mineral authigenesis are distinctly microenvironment dependent. Morphologic evidence suggests that chemical properties of bulk soil solutions can not always be considered to represent the solution conditions at the site of mineral authigenesis. In the absence of reliable in situ micro-chemical analytical techniques, detailed micromorphological studies can aid'in interpreting soil microchemical properties at weathering surfaces by revealing the identity of neoformed secondary phases.

Download or read book Bulletin written by Oregon. Department of Geology and Mineral Industries and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book O S U Theses and Dissertations 1978 1982 written by Oregon State University and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of the Geology and Mineral Resources of Oregon written by Klaus K. E. Neuendorf and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Potassium Release from Several Western Oregon Soils and Its Relationship to Crop Growth and Soil Mineralogy written by Ernest Hugh Gardner and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of the Geology and Mineral Resources of Oregon written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography and Index of Geology written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Genesis of Some Soils in the Central Western Cascades of Oregon written by Randall Barber Brown and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soils representative of several landscape units in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Western Cascade Range, were sampled, analyzed, and tentatively classified. Genetic inferences were drawn relating soils to landscape position and other factors of soil formation. Descriptive information and nutrient capital data were provided to support ecosystem modelling efforts by the Coniferous Forest Biome study group of the U.S./International Biological Program (IBP). To meet the "nutrient capital" requirements of IBP, and to gain insight particularly into the effects of coarse fragments on soil genesis, a volumetric approach was used. Soil organic matter, total N, extractable P, exchangeable cations, free Fe oxides, and cation exchange capacity were expressed in terms of weight or equivalents per unit volume of "whole soil," defined as organic and mineral fine earth components plus pore space plus coarse fragments. The various entities, in grams or equivalents per liter of whole soil, were observed as to their variation with depth. Additional calculations showed levels of the various entities per surface meter 3 of whole soil. Soil temperature data from several sites within the Andrews Forest showed the mesic-frigid soil temperature regime boundary to fall at about the 600 m (2, 000 ft) elevation on south slopes and at about the 450 m (1, 500 ft) elevation on north slopes. The frigidcryic boundary apparently was above the 1, 500 m (4,900 ft) elevation in the Andrews Forest. A sequence of three fluvial and two colluvial soils ranging in elevation from 440 to 460 m was studied in conjunction with concurrent IBP investigations into the geomorphic history of the area The soil on a floodplain adjacent to Lookout Creek, in the sandy-skeletal, mixed, mesic family of Fluventic Hapludolls, was between 500 and 7, 000 yrs in age. The adjacent stream terrace soil, in the loamyskeletal, mixed, mesic family of Fluventic Dystrochrepts, was> 7, 000 yrs old as evidenced Mazama pumice erposi tE-; on or near the surface of the terrace. Volumetric analysis suggested that the floodplain soil had a mollic epipedon largely by virtue of its high content of coarse fragments. The coarse fragments caused a concentration of soil organic matter and recycled cations into a smaller volume of fine earth as compared with the terrace soil, which was lower in coarse fragments. An alluvial-colluvial fan emanated from an adjacent slope and lapped onto the terrace. The soil in this fan was a member of the Fluventic Eutrochrepts, loamy-skeletal, mixed, mesic. It was high in base status and moderately high in clay content, apparently because the southeast-facing source area for parent material here had experienced only shallow weathering and minimal leaching. Across Lookout Creek from these landscape units was a remnant of a high colluvial terrace emanating from a northwest-facing watershed. At the crest of this fan remnant the soil was a member of the loamy-skeletal, mixed, mesic family of Fluventic Dystrochrepts with a distinct layer of Mazama pumice at the 75 to 85 cm depth. This terrace is cut by the watershed stream, which has deposited a comparatively well sorted fan. Soils are in the coarseloamy, mixed, mesic family of Fluventic Dystrochrepts, Eight landscape units in longitudinal and transverse crosssections of upper McRae Creek valley, ranging in elevation from 800 to 1, 200 m, were chosen to study upland soil genesis. Proceeding up the valley, stage of profile development appeared to decrease, indicating a series of depositional events. Soils varied from Eutric Glossoboralfs, fine, mixed on the lowermost surface to Fluventic Dystrochrepts, fine-loamy, mixed, frigid on the next higher surface, to Fluventic Dystrochrepts, loamy-skeletal, mixed, frigid on the next higher surface, to Typic Haplumbrepts, loamy-skeletal, mixed, frigid on the backslope at the valley headwall. The two lowermost soils contrasted markedly with the two uppermost soils, being lower in content of organic matter and N, and higher in base status and clay content. The upper two soils, typical of upper valley bottom and sideslope soils in the region, were extremely low in exchangeable bases and base saturation as measured at pH 7. Compared with the two lower soils, however, these upper soils had relatively high soil: water pH values and relatively small drops in pH from soil:water to soil :KCI measurement. This may be an indication that the upper soils were higher in amorphous content. Greater pH-dependent-CEC would have caused the upper soils to exhibit unrealistically high CEO s--and thus low base saturations--when measured at pH 7. A topoclimosequence of soils on north, east (saddle), and south-facing landscape units with a single parent rock lithology was studied in the transverse valley transect. All three soils were placed tentatively in the Andic Dystrochrepts. The north-facing soil was in a medial - skeletal, frigid family, was the deepest to bedrock (> 1 1/2 m), aria had the freshest coarse fragments of the three soils. The saddle and south-facing soils were in medial-skeletal, frigid and medial, frigid families, respectively. They were shallow (

Download or read book Agronomy News written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sept.-Oct. issue includes list of theses and dissertations for U.S. and Canadian graduate degrees granted in crop science, soil science, and agronomic science during the previous academic year.

Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Soils and Sediments written by Helene Paquet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clays and soils are of great importance in various scientific fields, such as agriculture and environmental science, and in mineral deposits. Students and close collaborators of Georges Millot, the eminent French clay sedimentologist, have put together a book with topics ranging from weathering processes and diagenetic evalution of sediments to sedimentary mineral deposits. The book is of interest to practitioners, advanced students as well as teachers in the above fields.

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 2330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pedology Weathering and Geomorphological Research written by Peter W. Birkeland and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.

Download or read book Subsea Mineral Resources written by Vincent Ellis McKelvey and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Wetlands written by K. Ramesh Reddy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-10 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The globally important nature of wetland ecosystems has led to their increased protection and restoration as well as their use in engineered systems. Underpinning the beneficial functions of wetlands are a unique suite of physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate elemental cycling in soils and the water column. This book provides an in-depth coverage of these wetland biogeochemical processes related to the cycling of macroelements including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, secondary and trace elements, and toxic organic compounds. In this synthesis, the authors combine more than 100 years of experience studying wetlands and biogeochemistry to look inside the black box of elemental transformations in wetland ecosystems. This new edition is updated throughout to include more topics and provide an integrated view of the coupled nature of biogeochemical cycles in wetland systems. The influence of the elemental cycles is discussed at a range of scales in the context of environmental change including climate, sea level rise, and water quality. Frequent examples of key methods and major case studies are also included to help the reader extend the basic theories for application in their own system. Some of the major topics discussed are: Flooded soil and sediment characteristics Aerobic-anaerobic interfaces Redox chemistry in flooded soil and sediment systems Anaerobic microbial metabolism Plant adaptations to reducing conditions Regulators of organic matter decomposition and accretion Major nutrient sources and sinks Greenhouse gas production and emission Elemental flux processes Remediation of contaminated soils and sediments Coupled C-N-P-S processes Consequences of environmental change in wetlands# The book provides the foundation for a basic understanding of key biogeochemical processes and its applications to solve real world problems. It is detailed, but also assists the reader with box inserts, artfully designed diagrams, and summary tables all supported by numerous current references. This book is an excellent resource for senior undergraduates and graduate students studying ecosystem biogeochemistry with a focus in wetlands and aquatic systems.