Download or read book Soil Moisture Retrieval From ASAR Measurements Over Natural Surfaces With a Large Roughness Variability written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, the accuracy of soil moisture retrieved from ASAR data over bare or sparsely vegetated surfaces is investigated by means of a simulation study. The soil moisture retrieval method is based on an optimization algorithm that appropriately inverts theoretical direct models by assimilating a priori information on surface parameters. In order to account for a large variability of roughness conditions, two complementary models have been used, namely the Integral Equation Method model and the Geometrical Optics model. The performance of the inversion method has been assessed on simulated noisy ASAR data, as a function of different a priori information quality level.
Download or read book Digest written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microwave Radar and Radiometric Remote Sensing written by Fawwaz Tayssir Ulaby and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2-10.3 Multiple Reflection Method
Download or read book Understanding Spatio Temporal Variability and Associated Physical Controls of Near Surface Soil Moisture in Different Hydro Climates written by Champa Joshi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Near-surface soil moisture is a key state variable of the hydrologic cycle and plays a significant role in the global water and energy balance by affecting several hydrological, ecological, meteorological, geomorphologic, and other natural processes in the land-atmosphere continuum. Presence of soil moisture in the root zone is vital for the crop and plant life cycle. Soil moisture distribution is highly non-linear across time and space. Various geophysical factors (e.g., soil properties, topography, vegetation, and weather/climate) and their interactions control the spatio-temporal evolution of soil moisture at various scales. Understanding these interactions is crucial for the characterization of soil moisture dynamics occurring in the vadose zone. This dissertation focuses on understanding the spatio-temporal variability of near-surface soil moisture and the associated physical control(s) across varying measurement support (point-scale and passive microwave airborne/satellite remote sensing footprint-scale), spatial extents (field-, watershed-, and regional-scale), and changing hydro-climates. Various analysis techniques (e.g., time stability, geostatistics, Empirical Orthogonal Function, and Singular Value Decomposition) have been employed to characterize near-surface soil moisture variability and the role of contributing physical control(s) across space and time. Findings of this study can be helpful in several hydrological research/applications, such as, validation/calibration and downscaling of remote sensing data products, planning and designing effective soil moisture monitoring networks and field campaigns, improving performance of soil moisture retrieval algorithm, flood/drought prediction, climate forecast modeling, and agricultural management practices. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149547
Download or read book Remote Sensing for Agriculture Ecosystems and Hydrology written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Desertification and Risk Analysis Using High and Medium Resolution Satellite Data written by Alberto Marini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-27 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work becomes with methodological rigor a part of the innovative proposals for the characterization of the areas at risk of desertification. The complexity of the phenomenon of desertification, which involves extended surfaces in all continents, is one of the most alarming processes of the environmental degradation of our Planet and threatens the health and the living conditions of over a billion of persons. The food crisis, in continuous increase, ask for the world of research to urgently supply reassuring solutions concerning the acquisition of indicators, which are easy to monitor and concur to control the phenomenon in order to fight its acceleration. The constant but different combination that determines the diffusion of deserti- cation in the territories, attributable mostly to climatic changes and the activities of the man, makes our job challenging and complicated, since it varies from region to region. We are aware of all this and therefore we think that the methodological approach of survey of the data is an extremely important element to locate of the phenomenon and to monitor its course. This work, which is characterized for its multi-disciplinary approach, suggests solutions that we wish will quickly find concrete applications at international level. Prof. Bruno Dettori President CNLSD (Comitato Nazionale per la Lotta alla Siccità e alla Desertificazione) v
Download or read book Climate Change written by Bharat Raj Singh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earth is the only planet in our solar system that supports life. The complex process of evolution occurred on Earth only because of some unique environmental conditions that were present: water, an oxygen-rich atmosphere, and a suitable surface temperature. Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). Thus, it requires field of attention towards reduction in the rise in atmospheric temperature, by controlling emitted greenhouse gases into the atmosphere in order to preserve natural resources and by introducing new technologies on alternative fuels. This book presents the fundamental effect on the origin of climate change, impacts over ice cap, melting of Arctic ice, rise in sea level and related technologies that can be implemented to cultivate our land for agriculture, growing forestation to reduce the impact of temperature rise and disaster on human being as well as on other livelihood. This also need to strive for novel policies that world leader should adopt.
Download or read book Congo Basin Hydrology Climate and Biogeochemistry written by Raphael M. Tshimanga and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-02-08 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New scientific discoveries in the Congo Basin as a result of international collaborations The Congo is the world's second largest river basin and home to 120 million people. Understanding the cycling of water, sediments, and nutrients is important as the region faces climatic and anthropogenic change. Congo Basin Hydrology, Climate, and Biogeochemistry: A Foundation for the Future explores variations in and influences on rainfall, hydrology and hydraulics, and sediment and carbon dynamics. It features contributions from experts in the region and their international collaborators. Volume highlights include: New in-situ and remotely sensed measurements and model results Use of historic data to assess precipitation and hydrologic changes Exploration of water exchange between wetlands and rivers Biogeochemical processes in the Congo's forests and wetlands A scientific foundation for hydrologic resource management in the region Studies from different parts of the Congo river and its adjoining basins This book is available in English and French. The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book in this short video and this article.
Download or read book Modeling and Application of Soil Moisture at Varying Spatial Scales with Parameter Scaling written by Narendra Narayan Das and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissertation focuses on characterization of subpixel variability within a satellite-based remotely sensed coarse-scale soil moisture footprint. The underlying heterogeneity of coarse-scale soil moisture footprint is masked by the area-integrated properties within the sensor footprint. Therefore, the soil moisture values derived from these measurements are an area average. The variability in soil moisture within the footprint is introduced by inherent spatial variability present in rainfall, and geophysical parameters (vegetation, topography, and soil). The geophysical parameters/variables typically interact in a complex fashion to make soil moisture evolution and dependent processes highly variable, and also, introduce nonlinearity across spatio-temporal scales. To study the variability and scaling characteristics of soil moisture, a quasi-distributed Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere-Transfer (SVAT) modeling framework is developed to simulate the hydrological dynamics, i.e., the fluxes and the state variables within the satellite-based soil moisture footprint. The modeling framework is successfully tested and implemented in different hydroclimatic regions during the research. New multiscale data assimilation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques in conjunction with the SVAT modeling framework are developed to quantify subpixel variability and assess multiscale soil moisture fields within the coarse-scale satellite footprint. Reasonable results demonstrate the potential to use these techniques to validate multiscale soil moisture data from future satellite mission e.g., Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission of NASA. The results also highlight the physical controls of geophysical parameters on the soil moisture fields for various hydroclimatic regions. New algorithm that uses SVAT modeling framework is also proposed and its application demonstrated, to derive the stochastic soil hydraulic properties (i.e., saturated hydraulic conductivity) and surface features (i.e., surface roughness and volume scattering) related to radar remote sensing of soil moisture.
Download or read book UAV Photogrammetry written by Henri Eisenbeiß and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Satellite Soil Moisture Retrieval written by Prashant K. Srivastava and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellite Soil Moisture Retrieval: Techniques and Applications offers readers a better understanding of the scientific underpinnings, development, and application of soil moisture retrieval techniques and their applications for environmental modeling and management, bringing together a collection of recent developments and rigorous applications of soil moisture retrieval techniques from optical and infrared datasets, such as the universal triangle method, vegetation indices based approaches, empirical models, and microwave techniques, particularly by utilizing earth observation datasets such as IRS III, MODIS, Landsat7, Landsat8, SMOS, AMSR-e, AMSR2 and the upcoming SMAP. Through its coverage of a wide variety of soil moisture retrieval applications, including drought, flood, irrigation scheduling, weather forecasting, climate change, precipitation forecasting, and several others, this is the first book to promote synergistic and multidisciplinary activities among scientists and users working in the hydrometeorological sciences. Demystifies soil moisture retrieval and prediction Links soil moisture retrieval techniques with new satellite missions for earth and environmental science oriented problems Written to be accessible to a wider range of professionals with a common interest in geo-spatial techniques, remote sensing, sustainable water resource development, and earth and environmental issues
Download or read book Soil Moisture Estimation Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Numerical Weather Prediction Model for Hydrological Applications written by Deleen Mohammed Saleh Al-Shrafany and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil moisture is an important variable in hydrological modelling used for real time flood forecasting and water resources management. However, it is a very challenging task to measure soil moisture over a hydrological catchment using conventional in-situ sensors. Remote sensing is gaining popularity due to its large coverage suitable for soil moisture measurement at a catchment scale albeit there are still many knowledge gaps to be filled in. This thesis focuses on investigating soil moisture estimation from remote sensing satellite and land surface model (LSM) coupled with a Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model. A hydrological-based approach has been conducted to assess/evaluate the estimated soil moisture using event-based water balance and Probability Distributed Model (PDM). An Advance Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR) and a physically- based Land Parameters Retrieval Model (LPRM) have been used to retrieve surface soil moisture over the sturdy area. The LPRM vegetation and roughness parameters have been empirically calibrated by a new approach proposed in this thesis. The relevant parameters are calibrated on the hydrological model through achieving the best correlation between the observation-based catchment storage and the retrieved surface soil moisture. The development of the land surface model coupled with the NWP model is used to estimate soil moisture at different combinations of soil layers. The optimal combination of the top two layers is found to have the best performance when compared to the catchment water storage. Regression-based mathematical models have been derived to predict the catchment storage from the estimated soil moisture based on both satellite remote sensing and the LSM-NWP model. Three schemes are proposed to examine the behaviour of soil moisture products over different seasons in order to find the appropriate formulas in different scenarios. Finally, weighted coefficients and arithmetic average data fusion methods are explored to integrate two independent soil moisture products from the AMSR-E satellite and the LSM-NWP. It has been found that the merged output is a significant improvement over their individual estimates. The implementation of the fusion technique has provided a new opportunity for information integration from satellite and NWP model. Keywords: Soil moisture, Satellite remote sensing, satellite, land surface model, NWP model, rainfall-runoff model, water balance, PDM model.
Download or read book Second International Workshop on Retrieval of Bio Geo physical Parameters from SAR Data for Land Applications written by Maurice Borgeaud and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spatial Patterns in Catchment Hydrology written by Rodger Grayson and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 2001-08-06 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes use of observed patterns in understanding and modelling hydrological response, for researchers and graduate students.
Download or read book Polarisation Applications in Remote Sensing written by Shane Cloude and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a monograph concerning the scattering of electromagnetic waves from surfaces to generate information for the purposes of remote sensing. It combines, for the first time, a treatment of two important new ideas, namely information from the orientation or polarisation of the wave and how it can be combined with interferometry.
Download or read book Microwave Scattering and Emission Models and Their Applications written by Adrian K. Fung and published by Artech House Remote Sensing Li. This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An excellent reference book. Treatment is thorough in terms of starting from some fundamental assumptions and working through the details so the reader may understand both the mathematical derivation and the physical basis for the resulting phase distribution functions (PDFs). [Fung's] discussion of the dependence of the PDF on the scattering parameters and the range of possible values is extremely helpful, and the illustration of the terrain scattering PDF is quite clear."
Download or read book Proximal Soil Sensing written by Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-25 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on developments in Proximal Soil Sensing (PSS) and high resolution digital soil mapping. PSS has become a multidisciplinary area of study that aims to develop field-based techniques for collecting information on the soil from close by, or within, the soil. Amongst others, PSS involves the use of optical, geophysical, electrochemical, mathematical and statistical methods. This volume, suitable for undergraduate course material and postgraduate research, brings together ideas and examples from those developing and using proximal sensors and high resolution digital soil maps for applications such as precision agriculture, soil contamination, archaeology, peri-urban design and high land-value applications, where there is a particular need for high spatial resolution information. The book in particular covers soil sensor sampling, proximal soil sensor development and use, sensor calibrations, prediction methods for large data sets, applications of proximal soil sensing, and high-resolution digital soil mapping. Key themes: soil sensor sampling – soil sensor calibrations – spatial prediction methods – reflectance spectroscopy – electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity – radar and gamma radiometrics – multi-sensor platforms – high resolution digital soil mapping - applications Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel is a scientist at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) of Australia. Alex McBratney is Pro-Dean and Professor of Soil Science in the Faculty of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources at the University of Sydney in Australia. Budiman Minasny is a Senior Research Fellow in the Faculty of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources at the University of Sydney in Australia.
