Download or read book Soil Compaction on Woodland Properties written by Paul W. Adams and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Compaction on Woodland Properties written by Oregon State University. Extension service and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Woodland Workbook Soil Compaction on Woodland Properties written by P.W. Adams and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Compaction on Woodland Properties written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides background on the nature and effects of soil compaction, how it can be recognized and some management alternatives for reducing impacts.
Download or read book Soil Compaction on Forest and Range Lands written by Howard William Lull and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to review available information on soil compaction as related to soil and water conservation on forest and range lands.
Download or read book Compaction Effects on Physical Properties on Three Forest Soils in the Upper Great Lakes Region written by Michael James Mungoven and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing Soil Compaction on Forest Inventory Analysis Phase 3 Field Plots Using a Pocket Penetrometer written by Michael C. Amacher and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil compaction is an important indicator of soil quality, yet few practical methods are available to quantitatively measure this variable. Although an assessment of the areal extent of soil compaction is included as part of the soil indicator portion of the Forest Inventory & Analysis (FIA) program, no quantitative measurement of the degree of soil compaction is made. We tested a small, lightweight pocket penetrometer that measures soil compression strength as a simple, quantitative measure of the degree of compaction of mineral soils under forested conditions. Soil compression strengths were significantly higher in compacted trails and areas than in adjacent undisturbed locations. In contrast, no significant difference in soil compression strength was found between rutted trails and adjacent undisturbed areas. A protocol is suggested for further pilot testing of this device as part of the soil indicator assessment. The main disadvantage of this device is that many of the compacted soils had compression strengths higher than the maximum measurable value of 4.5 tons/ft2. Despite this limitation, this device can rapidly and easily distinguish between compacted and uncompacted areas in the field. Time previously spent by field crews trying to identify qualitative evidences of compaction can instead be used to provide a quantitative measure of the degree of compaction, which would strengthen the analysis and interpretation of the soil quality indicator.
Download or read book Factors Affecting Compaction of 14 California Upland Soils written by Richard F. Howard and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relative Bulk Density as an Index of Soil Compaction and Forest Productivity in British Columbia written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil compaction often limits conifer regeneration on sites degraded by construction of landings and roads, but inadequate understanding of compaction characteristics has sometimes led to inappropriate rehabilitation efforts. This warrants development of new methods to assess compaction and its relation to tree growth. The objective of this study was to develop a high-level integration indicator that will characterize compaction of forest soils and that could be correlated to tree height growth. Mineral particle density of soils from interior British Columbia (BC) forests varied significantly among the geographic locations. Oxalate-extractable Fe- and Al-oxides and particle size distribution (PSD) were related to soil and mineral particle densities, while soil organic matter (SOM) and Al- and Fe-oxides were important soil properties in relation to soil particle density. The significance of levels of single soil properties in predicting maximum bulk density (MBD) were in the order: plastic and liquid limits, organic matter content, oxalate-extractable oxide, and PSD. Stratification of the sample according to Atterberg limits improved the predictability of MBD, and variation in particle density was included in the prediction by other soil properties used in the models. Height growth of interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca [Bessin] Franco) was restricted when relative bulk density (RBD) was> 0.72. For lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) and hybrid white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss × engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.), an RBD of 0.60 - 0.63 corresponded to maximum height growth, while that of 0.78 - 0.84 appeared to limit height growth. The presence of surface organic material mitigated compaction and was often associated with lower RBD. Interior Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine planted in low elevation sites in north-central BC did not grow well and their height growth was weakly related to RBD. The results suggest.
Download or read book Studies of Compaction and Other Properties of Soils for Low Cost Roads written by Reed Franklin Morse and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustaining Forest Soil Productivity written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annotated Bibliography on Soil Compaction written by American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Soil Compaction Committee and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship of Soil Physical Properties to Soil Compaction in Timber Harvesting Operations written by Louis Vincent Verchot and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Compaction Studies written by Timothy Shaun Stafford Conlin and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first two experiments described in this report were designed to identify early signs of compaction-related stress in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), and white spruce (Picea glauca). A secondary objective was to examine the interaction of soil moisture and compaction on initial seedling growth. The third experiment was designed to examine the efforts of soil compaction on the composition of the soil atmosphere, and is continuing.
Download or read book Effects of Compaction and Removal of Forest Floor Litter on Soil Physical Properties written by Shirley Carol Solomon and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions written by Richard V. Pouyat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
Download or read book Growth and Yield Structure Composition and Soil Compaction in a Western Oregon Douglas fir Forest After 35 Years of Modified Selection Thinning written by Darin S. Stringer and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modified selection thinning has been utilized by some non-industrial foresters in Douglas-fir forests of Western Oregon and Washington for at least 35 years. This silvicultural strategy has not been tested, but has often been associated with reduced volume production and other undesirable effects. It continues to be used on many small woodland properties. This case study evaluated a management system that has utilized modified selection thinning and natural regeneration since 1964, on a 250 acre private forest tract on the east slopes of the Oregon Coast Range. Six conditions (Types) were identified and mapped on the property based on the number of thinning entries and stand vegetation conditions. Current field data along with past cruise information and aerial photos were used to assess past and current volume production, stand structure, species composition arid soil compaction. Stand growth and yield was projected for 100 years using a simulation model to compare selection thinning and short rotation evenage management. At the Tract level, inventory records showed standing conifer volume from 1964-95 increased from 1,939 MBF (thousand board feet) to 2,150 MBF, while 5,606 MBF of volume was removed. Harvests occurred every 1-4 years with an average volume of 715 bd. ft./acre/year removed. Stands in early stages of conversion with modified selection thinning were growing at 80-100% of potential based on regional growth and yield tables for stands of similar site quality and stocking. Volume growth in stands in intermediate stages of conversion was 35-70% of potential compared to the same yield tables adjusted for stocking. Under a similar management regime, simulated total Tract standing volume increased to 4,250 MBF after a 100-year projection with harvests of 600 bd. ft./acre/year. Tract average periodic annual increment after 100 years was similar to current levels. Simulation studies showed that selection thinning yielded 9% less total Tract board foot volume (standing + harvest) than 50-year rotation evenage management after a 100- year simulation. Two of six stand Types simulated with selection thinning produced yields within 2% of the 50-year rotation evenage system after 100 years. The other four Types produced from 8-20% less volume. Under modified selection thinning the Tract contained 3 times more standing volume, and produced 2.8 times more volume in logs greater than 16 inches (scaling diameter) after 100 years. Management using modified selection thinning maintained a per acre average of at least 10 MBF/acre standing timber over 90% of simulation period vs. 40% for the evenage regime. Modified selection thinning between 1964-1995 led to changes in stand structure and composition. Both conifer reproduction and shrub cover increased in stands with more thinning. Conifer basal area decreased with thinning but the range of tree diameters increased. Composition of natural regeneration in the understory of stands thinned 9-12 times was dominated by Douglas-fir with 47% stocking and 290 trees per acre. Past and current cruise reports along with aerial photographs indicate hardwoods increased during the management period between 1964-97. Soil compaction was significantly higher in areas thinned 9-12 times vs. those thinned 1-4 times (p-value =.04), and was significantly higher in areas with less than 35% slope (p-value =.001). Across the Tract 60% of sampling points fell in a low compaction class, 33% in moderate, and 4% in high. Uneven-aged stand structure in a group selection sense was observed at the Tract level. Individual stands or plots did not contain functional individual tree selection uneven-aged structure. However, stands thinned repeatedly were two-storied in places. Based on comparison of different stand Types it appears modified selection thinning in Douglas-fir stands could be used to perpetuate even-aged structure, or to convert stands towards an uneven-aged condition. In either scenario, management is recommended to address increased hardwood stocking, inconsistent natural regeneration of conifer species, and understory growth losses caused by reserve "legacy" trees.
