Download or read book Soft Material Enabled Electronics for Medicine Healthcare and Human Machine Interfaces written by Jae-Woong Jeong and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soft material-enabled electronics offer distinct advantage, over conventional rigid and bulky devices, for numerous wearable and implantable applications. Soft materials allow for seamless integration with skin and tissues due to enhanced mechanical flexibility and stretchability. Wearable devices, such as sensors, offer continuous, real-time monitoring of biosignals and movements, which can be applied in rehabilitation and diagnostics, among other applications. Soft implantable electronics offer similar functionalities, but with improved compatibility with human tissues. Biodegradable soft implantable electronics are also being developed for transient monitoring, such as in the weeks following surgery. To further advance soft electronics, materials, integration strategies, and fabrication techniques are being developed. This paper reviews recent progress in these areas, toward the development of soft material-enabled electronics for medicine, healthcare, and human-machine interfaces.
Download or read book Soft Material Enabled Electronics for Medicine Healthcare and Human Machine Interfaces written by W. Hong Yeo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soft material-enabled electronics offer distinct advantage, over conventional rigid and bulky devices, for numerous wearable and implantable applications. Soft materials allow for seamless integration with skin and tissues due to enhanced mechanical flexibility and stretchability. Wearable devices, such as sensors, offer continuous, real-time monitoring of biosignals and movements, which can be applied in rehabilitation and diagnostics, among other applications. Soft implantable electronics offer similar functionalities, but with improved compatibility with human tissues. Biodegradable soft implantable electronics are also being developed for transient monitoring, such as in the weeks following surgery. To further advance soft electronics, materials, integration strategies, and fabrication techniques are being developed. This paper reviews recent progress in these areas, toward the development of soft material-enabled electronics for medicine, healthcare, and human-machine interfaces.
Download or read book Human Machine Interface written by Rishabha Malviya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-11-21 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE The book contains the latest advances in healthcare and presents them in the frame of the Human-Machine Interface (HMI). The Human-Machine Interface (HMI) industry has witnessed the evolution from a simple push button to a modern touch-screen display. HMI is a user interface that allows humans to operate controllers for machines, systems, or instruments. Most medical procedures are improved by HMI systems, from calling an ambulance to ensuring that a patient receives adequate treatment on time. This book describes the scenario of biomedical technologies in the context of the advanced HMI, with a focus on direct brain-computer connection. The book describes several HMI tools and related techniques for analyzing, creating, controlling, and upgrading healthcare delivery systems, and provides details regarding how advancements in technology, particularly HMI, ensure ethical and fair use in patient care. Audience The target audience for this book is medical personnel and policymakers in healthcare and pharmaceutical professionals, as well as engineers and researchers in computer science and artificial intelligence.
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Based Sensors written by Anindya Nag and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-05-02 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotube-Based Sensors: Fabrication, Characterization, and Implementation highlights the latest research and developments on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their applications in sensors and sensing systems. It offers an overview of CNTs, including their synthesis, functionalization, characterization, and toxicology. It then delves into the fabrication and various applications of CNT-based sensors. FEATURES Defines the significance of different forms of CNT-based sensors synthesized for diverse engineering applications and compares the feasibility of their generation Helps readers evaluate different types of fabrication techniques to generate CNTs and their subsequent sensing Discusses fabrication of low-cost, efficient CNTs-based sensors that can be used for diverse applications and sheds light on synthesis methods for a range of printing techniques Highlights challenges and advances in security-related issues using CNTs-based sensors This book is aimed at researchers in the fields of materials and electrical engineering who are interested in the development of sensor technology for industrial, biomedical, and related applications.
Download or read book Flexible Wearable and Stretchable Electronics written by Katsuyuki Sakuma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remarkable progress has been achieved within recent years in developing flexible, wearable, and stretchable (FWS) electronics. These electronics will play an increasingly significant role in the future of electronics and will open new product paradigms that conventional semiconductors are not capable of. This is because flexible electronics will allow us to build flexible circuits and devices on a substrate that can be bent, stretched, or folded without losing functionality. This revolutionary change will impact how we interact with the world around us. Future electronic devices will use flexible electronics as part of ambient intelligence and ubiquitous computing for many different applications such as consumer electronics, medical, healthcare, and security devices. Thus, these devices have the potential to create a huge market all over the world. Flexible, Wearable, and Stretchable Electronics, provide a comprehensive technological review of the state-of-the-art developments in FWS electronics. This book offers the reader a taste of what is possible with FWS electronics and describes how these electronics can provide unique solutions for a wide variety of applications. Furthermore, the book introduces and explains new applications of flexible technology that has opened up the future of FWS electronics.
Download or read book Advanced Soft Electronics in Biomedical Engineering written by Mengxiao Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-07-16 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the latest advances in soft electronics in biomedical engineering and its potential applications in various biomedical fields. The contributors provide comprehensive coverage of how soft electronics are used in diagnostics and monitoring, medical therapy, neural engineering, and wearable and implantable systems. In particular, some emerging research areas such as advanced soft robotics, fiber sensing technologies, and power optimization strategies are explored. In addition, the book highlights international standardization activities in wearable technologies and implantable bioelectronics. The book will benefit researchers, engineers, and advanced students in biomedical engineering, electrical and computer engineering, and materials science.
Download or read book Advanced Materials for Printed Flexible Electronics written by Colin Tong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-04 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to printed flexible electronics and their applications, including the basics of modern printing technologies, printable inks, performance characterization, device design, modeling, and fabrication processes. A wide range of materials used for printed flexible electronics are also covered in depth. Bridging the gap between the creation of structure and function, printed flexible electronics have been explored for manufacturing of flexible, stretchable, wearable, and conformal electronics device with conventional, 3D, and hybrid printing technologies. Advanced materials such as polymers, ceramics, nanoparticles, 2D materials, and nanocomposites have enabled a wide variety of applications, such as transparent conductive films, thin film transistors, printable solar cells, flexible energy harvesting and storage devices, electroluminescent devices, and wearable sensors. This book provides students, researchers and engineers with the information to understand the current status and future trends in printed flexible electronics, and acquire skills for selecting and using materials and additive manufacturing processes in the design of printed flexible electronics.
Download or read book Wearable Electronics for Human Machine Interfaces Enabled by New Functional Materials written by Hanxiang Wu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wearable electronics is a new frontier of research to bridge the gap between rigid computational units and soft tissues. Unprecedented human-machine interfaces with new functions including physical and physiological sensors and personal cooling devices are developed based on novel soft materials such as conformal polymers, semiconducting nanomaterials, and electrocaloric polymers. However, there is still distance between a new functional material and a practical device in terms of reliability, cost, encapsulation, and lifetime. This dissertation focused on design, fabrication and verification of wearable electronic devices for human-machine interfaces enabled by new functional materials. Four selected topics are presented from chapter 2 through chapter 5. Chapter 2 concerns tissue-like bioelectronics which offer an ideal means of interfacing with the body, but their implementation typically requires rigid shuttle devices that can cause additional scarring and tissue damage during implantation. To address this issue, we developed a self-softening polymer-based neural device that can record both electrochemical and neurochemical signals in vivo. The mechanically adaptive polymer is stiff at room temperature, boasting a Young's modulus of approximately 100MPa, and thus can be implanted without the need for a shuttle. Once implanted, the device becomes soft with a Young's modulus of roughly 10 kPa. A multi-modal device was created using this self-softening polymer, which combines electrophysiological recording with neurotransmitter biosensors. The device enables simultaneous recording of both electrophysiological signals and serotonin concentrations in vivo. In the field of skin-attachable electronics, debonding-on-demand (DoD) adhesives are highly sought after, as they allow for repeated usage without damaging the skin. Chapter 3 developed a simple and versatile method for fabricating biocompatible bonding/debonding bistable adhesive polymers (BAPs) that exhibit conformal adhesion at skin temperature and easy detachment at room temperature. Additionally, the potential application of BAPs in a mechanosensitive communication system is explored. The BAPs are designed by incorporating stearyl acrylate (SA) and tetradecyl acrylate (TA) into a chemically cross-linked elastomer, which undergoes a semicrystalline-to-amorphous transition between 26°C and 32°C, leading to high adhesive flowability and significant energy dissipation. An optically transparent and mechanically compliant debonding-on-demand triboelectric nanogenerator (DoD-TENG) was also fabricated using the BAP as the DoD substrate, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer as the electrification layer, and an ion-conductive elastomer as the electrode. This device can serve as a human-machine interface for a self-powered drone navigation system. This work is published and cited asGao, M.1, Wu, H.1, Plamthottam, R., Xie, Z., Liu, Y., Hu, J., ... & Pei, Q. (2021). Skin temperature-triggered, debonding-on-demand sticker for a self-powered mechanosensitive communication system. Matter, 4(6), 1962-1974. Flexible and conformable transistors that incorporate semiconductive single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been extensively studied for biosensing applications. However, their sensing capabilities are often hampered by high electrolytic leakage currents, which negatively impact their detection abilities. While data processing can help to amplify the signals, it will also sacrifice sampling rates and leave the sensors vulnerable to fluctuations in the electrolyte solutions. To address these issues, chapter 4 introduces SWNT-based twin-transistors, where one transistor acts as a sensor and the other as a reference. Both transistors share gate and source electrodes, and all source/drain electrodes are sealed by a parylene layer to minimize electrolytic leakage. A common-source amplifier circuit generates voltage signal readouts from the sensor and reference transistors, and differential outputs enhance the signal-to-noise ratios by 92%. The arrays of twin-transistors were fabricated using microfabrication techniques, including photolithography and solution-based deposition of SWNTs, followed by transfer to a polyurethane substrate. To demonstrate glucose biosensing, glucose oxidase was immobilized onto the SWNTs in the sensor channels. This resulted in a sensor that can deliver real-time detection of glucose in human serum, exhibiting a 100% increase in normalized responses per decade of glucose concentrations between 100 [mu]M to 100 mM. The response is proportional to the cubic root of glucose concentration, indicating that the redox electrons conducted by the nanotubes in the channel length direction contribute to the sensor response. Finally, the study demonstrated a portable glucose sensing system utilizing the flexible twin-transistors. The demand for compact and flexible cooling technology has increased significantly in the thermal management of wearable electronics and personal comfort. Electrocaloric (EC) cooling holds great potential as a solution, but its low adiabatic temperature change has impeded its progress. However, chapter 5 developed a cascade EC cooling device that overcomes this bottleneck by increasing the temperature change while enhancing cooling power and efficiency. The device integrates multiple units of EC polymer elements and an electrostatic actuation mechanism that work in synergy. Each pair of adjacent EC elements function in antiphase, allowing for continuous heat flow from the heat source to the heat sink. This antiphase operation also facilitates internal charge recycling, which improves energy efficiency. By operating at the EC electric field with a 3.0 K adiabatic temperature change, a four-layer cascade device can achieve a maximum temperature lift of 8.7 K under no-load conditions. The coefficient of performance is estimated to be 9.0 at a temperature lift of 2.7 K and 10.4 at zero temperature lift. This work is published and cited asMeng, Y., Zhang, Z., Wu, H., Wu, R., Wu, J., Wang, H., & Pei, Q. (2020). A cascade electrocaloric cooling device for large temperature lift. Nature Energy, 5(12), 996-1002.
Download or read book Smart and Flexible Energy Devices written by Ram K. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-23 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scientific community and industry have seen tremendous progress in efficient energy production and storage in the last few years. With the advancement in technology, new devices require high-performance, stretchable, bendable, and twistable energy sources, which can be integrated into next-generation wearable, compact, and portable electronics for medical, military, and civilian applications. Smart and Flexible Energy Devices examines the materials, basic working principles, and state-of-the-art progress of flexible devices like fuel cells, solar cells, batteries, and supercapacitors. Covering the synthesis approaches for advanced energy materials in flexible devices and fabrications and fundamental design concepts of flexible energy devices, such as fuel cells, solar cells, batteries, and supercapacitors, top author teams explore how newer materials with advanced properties are used to fabricate the energy devices to meet the future demand for flexible electronics. Additional features include: • Addressing the materials, technologies, and challenges of various flexible energy devices under one cover • Emphasizing the future demand and challenges of the field • Considering all flexible energy types, such as fuel cells, solar cells, batteries, and supercapacitors • Suitability for undergraduate and postgraduate students of material science and energy programs This is a valuable resource for academics and industry professionals working in the field of energy materials, nanotechnology, and energy devices.
Download or read book Smart and Connected Wearable Electronics written by Woon-Hong Yeo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-11-13 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.630 pages Approx.630 pages
Download or read book MEMS Sensors and Resonators written by Frederic Nabki and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have had a profound impact on a wide range of applications. The degree of miniaturization made possible by MEMS technology has significantly improved the functionalities of many systems, and the performance of MEMS has steadily improved as its uses augment. Notably, MEMS sensors have been prevalent in motion sensing applications for decades, and the sensing mechanisms leveraged by MEMS have been continuously extended to applications spanning the detection of gases, magnetic fields, electromagnetic radiation, and more. In parallel, MEMS resonators have become an emerging field of MEMS and affected subfields such as electronic timing and filtering, and energy harvesting. They have, in addition, enabled a wide range of resonant sensors. For many years now, MEMS have been the basis of various industrial successes, often building on novel academic research. Accordingly, this Special Issue explores many research innovations in MEMS sensors and resonators, from biomedical applications to energy harvesting, gas sensing, resonant sensing, and timing.
Download or read book 4D Printing Volume 1 written by Frederic Demoly and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-09-21 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Any time objects and their (self-)organization are to be put into use, their models and methods of thinking as well as their designing and manufacturing need to be reinvented. 4D printing is a future technology that is capable of bringing 3D objects to life. This ability, which gives objects the power to change shape or properties over time through energy stimulation from active materials and additive manufacturing, makes it possible to envisage technological breakthroughs while challenging the relationship between people and objects. 4D Printing 1 presents the different facets of this technology, providing an objective, critical and even disruptive viewpoint to enable its existence and development, and to stimulate the creative drive that industry, society and humanity need in the perpetual quest for evolution and transformation.
Download or read book Multimodal Porphyrin Based Conjugates written by Katriann Arja and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-12 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic compounds that interact both with certain biological targets and display specific photophysical properties can be utilized as molecular tools to visualize and possibly effect disease related processes taking place in living organisms. In this regard, porphyrins are a class of naturally occurring molecules that possess intriguingly interesting photophysical properties where they can act as luminescent probes by emitting detectable light, as well as photosensitizers in the light mediated therapy called photodynamic therapy. In this thesis, the porphyrin structure has been synthetically combined with other molecule classes to achieve compounds with desirable multimodal characteristics. Firstly, luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs) that have extensively, and with great success, been utilized as fluorescent ligands for amyloid formations, have been conjugated to porphyrins to render oligothiophene porphyrin hybrids (OTPHs) comprising two optically active modalities. When applied as fluorescent amyloidophilic dyes for visualization of amyloid-? (A?), one of the pathological hallmarks in Alzheimer’s disease, an enhanced optical assignment of distinct aggregated forms of A? was afforded. Thus, properly functionalized OTPHs could give us more information about pathological processes underlying devastating disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, the OTPHs can be associated with synthetic peptides inducing peptide folding into certain three-dimensional helical structures giving rise to novel optically active materials. Secondly, this thesis also embraces porphyrins’ potential as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy to kill cancer cells. Grounded on the prerequisites for an optimal photosensitizer, we designed porphyrin-based conjugates equipped with common carbohydrates for improved cancer cell selectivity and with a fluorinated glucose derivative, 2-fluoro 2-deoxy glucose, for advantageous metabolism in cancer cells. Furthermore, incorporation of a radioisotopic fluorine-18 atom into the glycoporphyrins could give the means for diagnostic use of the conjugates in positron emission tomography (PET). In order to tether together the above-mentioned molecular moieties in a controlled fashion, we developed a robust synthetic strategy for asymmetrical functionalization of porphyrin core. The method involves chlorosulfonation of this otherwise inert tetrapyrrolic structure, followed by alkynylation. Parallelly to amide coupling reactions, copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne azide cycloaddition is used for fast and high-yielding late-stage conjugations. Overall, this thesis demonstrates how combining different molecular moieties in synthetic organic chemistry yields novel molecules with combined and improved multimodal properties for biological and medicinal applications, guided by the design-by-function methodology.
Download or read book Deployable Multimodal Machine Intelligence written by Hongliang Ren and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-04 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the principles, design and characterization of mechanically compliant soft and foldable robots. Traditional rigid robots with bulky footprints and complicated components prolong the design iteration and optimization for keyhole and minimally invasive transluminal applications. Therefore, there is an interest in developing soft and foldable robots with remote actuation, multimodal sensing and machine intelligence. This book discusses the use of foldable and cuttable structures to design biomimetic deployable soft robots, that can exhibit a fair number of motions with consistency and repeatability. It presents the overall design principles, methodology, instrumentation, metamorphic sensing, multi-modal perception, and machine intelligence for creating untethered foldable active structures. These robotic structures can generate a variety of motions such as wave induction, compression, inchworm, peristalsis, flipping, tumbling, walking, swimming, flexion/extension etc. Remote actuation can control motions along regular and irregular surfaces from proximal sides. For self-deployable medical robots, motion diversity and shape reconfiguration are crucial factors. Deployable robots, with the use of malleable and resilient smart actuators, hold this crucial advantage over their conventional rigid robot counterparts. Such flexible structures capable of being compressed and expanded with intelligence perceptions hold enormous potential in biomedical applications.
Download or read book Flexible and Stretchable Medical Devices written by Kuniharu Takei and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-07 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book introduces flexible and stretchable wearable electronic systems and covers in detail the technologies and materials required for healthcare and medical applications. A team of excellent authors gives an overview of currently available flexible devices and thoroughly describes their physical mechanisms that enable sensing human conditions. In dedicated chapters, crucial components needed to realize flexible and wearable devices are discussed which include transistors and sensors and deal with memory, data handling and display. Additionally, suitable power sources based on photovoltaics, thermoelectric energy and supercapacitors are reviewed. A special chapter treats implantable flexible sensors for neural recording. The book editor concludes with a perspective on this rapidly developing field which is expected to have a great impact on healthcare in the 21st century.
Download or read book Handbook of Flexible and Stretchable Electronics written by Muhammad M. Hussain and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-11 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flexibility and stretchability of electronics are crucial for next generation electronic devices that involve skin contact sensing and therapeutic actuation. This handbook provides a complete entrée to the field, from solid-state physics to materials chemistry, processing, devices, performance, and reliability testing, and integrated systems development. This work shows how microelectronics, signal processing, and wireless communications in the same circuitry are impacting electronics, healthcare, and energy applications. Key Features: • Covers the fundamentals to device applications, including solid-state and mechanics, chemistry, materials science, characterization techniques, and fabrication; • Offers a comprehensive base of knowledge for moving forward in this field, from foundational research to technology development; • Focuses on processing, characterization, and circuits and systems integration for device applications; • Addresses the basic physical properties and mechanics, as well as the nuts and bolts of reliability and performance analysis; • Discusses various technology applications, from printed electronics to logic and memory devices, sensors, actuators, displays, and energy storage and harvesting. This handbook will serve as the one-stop knowledge base for readership who are interested in flexible and stretchable electronics.
Download or read book Multimodal electronic textiles for intelligent human machine interfaces written by Xiao Wei and published by OAE Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2023-05-18 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart wearable electronic devices capable of information exchanging (such as human-machine interfaces) have developed into key carriers for the interconnection, intercommunication, and interaction between humans and machines. Multimodal electronic textiles that incorporate multifunctional sensors into daily clothing are an emerging technology to realize smart wearable electronics. This has greatly advanced human-machine interface technology by bridging the gap between wearing comfort and traditional wearable electronic devices, which will facilitate the rapid development and wide application of natural human-machine interfaces. In this article, we provide a comprehensive summary of the latest research progress on multimodal electronic textiles for intelligent human-machine interfaces. Firstly, we introduce the most representative electronic textile manufacturing strategies in terms of functional fiber preparation and multimodal textile forming. Then, we explore the multifunctional sensing capability of multimodal electronic textiles and emphasize their advanced applications in intelligent human-machine interfaces. Finally, we present new insights on the future research directions and the challenges faced in practical applications of multimodal electronic textiles.
