Download or read book Smarandache Special Elements in Multiset Semigroups written by W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authors in this book study the notion of Smarandache element in multiset semigroups. It is important to keep on record that we define four operations on multisets viz. +, X, union and intersection in a free way. Thus all sets finite or infinite order contribute to infinite order multisets and the semigroup under any of these operations is of infinite order.

Download or read book Neutrosophic Components Semigroups and Multiset Neutrosophic Components Semigroups written by Vasantha W.B. and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrosophic components (NC) under addition and product form different algebraic structures over different intervals. In this paper authors for the first time define the usual product and sum operations on NC. Here four different NC are defined using the four different intervals: (0, 1), [0, 1), (0, 1] and [0, 1].

Download or read book Collected Papers Volume IX written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2022-05-10 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ninth volume of Collected Papers includes 87 papers comprising 982 pages on Neutrosophic Theory and its applications in Algebra, written between 2014-2022 by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 81 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 19 countries: E.O. Adeleke, A.A.A. Agboola, Ahmed B. Al-Nafee, Ahmed Mostafa Khalil, Akbar Rezaei, S.A. Akinleye, Ali Hassan, Mumtaz Ali, Rajab Ali Borzooei , Assia Bakali, Cenap Özel, Victor Christianto, Chunxin Bo, Rakhal Das, Bijan Davvaz, R. Dhavaseelan, B. Elavarasan, Fahad Alsharari, T. Gharibah, Hina Gulzar, Hashem Bordbar, Le Hoang Son, Emmanuel Ilojide, Tèmítópé Gbóláhàn Jaíyéolá, M. Karthika, Ilanthenral Kandasamy, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Huma Khan, Madad Khan, Mohsin Khan, Hee Sik Kim, Seon Jeong Kim, Valeri Kromov, R. M. Latif, Madeleine Al-Tahan, Mehmat Ali Ozturk, Minghao Hu, S. Mirvakili, Mohammad Abobala, Mohammad Hamidi, Mohammed Abdel-Sattar, Mohammed A. Al Shumrani, Mohamed Talea, Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Aslam Malik, Muhammad Gulistan, Muhammad Shabir, G. Muhiuddin, Memudu Olaposi Olatinwo, Osman Anis, Choonkil Park, M. Parimala, Ping Li, K. Porselvi, D. Preethi, S. Rajareega, N. Rajesh, Udhayakumar Ramalingam, Riad K. Al-Hamido, Yaser Saber, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Saeid Jafari, Said Broumi, A.A. Salama, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Songtao Shao, Seok-Zun Song, Tahsin Oner, M. Mohseni Takallo, Binod Chandra Tripathy, Tugce Katican, J. Vimala, Xiaohong Zhang, Xiaoyan Mao, Xiaoying Wu, Xingliang Liang, Xin Zhou, Yingcang Ma, Young Bae Jun, Juanjuan Zhang.

Download or read book New Development of Neutrosophic Probability Neutrosophic Statistics Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures and Neutrosophic Plithogenic Optimizations written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents state-of-the-art papers on new topics related to neutrosophic theories, such as neutrosophic algebraic structures, neutrosophic triplet algebraic structures, neutrosophic extended triplet algebraic structures, neutrosophic algebraic hyperstructures, neutrosophic triplet algebraic hyperstructures, neutrosophic n-ary algebraic structures, neutrosophic n-ary algebraic hyperstructures, refined neutrosophic algebraic structures, refined neutrosophic algebraic hyperstructures, quadruple neutrosophic algebraic structures, refined quadruple neutrosophic algebraic structures, neutrosophic image processing, neutrosophic image classification, neutrosophic computer vision, neutrosophic machine learning, neutrosophic artificial intelligence, neutrosophic data analytics, neutrosophic deep learning, and neutrosophic symmetry, as well as their applications in the real world.

Download or read book NeutroAlgebra Theory Volume I written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2021-06-21 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of papers from multiple authors. In 2019 and 2020 Smarandache [1, 2, 3, 4] generalized the classical Algebraic Structures to NeutroAlgebraic Structures (or NeutroAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are partially true, partially indeterminate, and partially false} as extensions of Partial Algebra, and to AntiAlgebraic Structures (or AntiAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are totally false}. The NeutroAlgebras & AntiAlgebras are a new field of research, which is inspired from our real world. In classical algebraic structures, all axioms are 100%, and all operations are 100% well-defined, but in real life, in many cases these restrictions are too harsh, since in our world we have things that only partially verify some laws or some operations. Using the process of NeutroSophication of a classical algebraic structure we produce a NeutroAlgebra, while the process of AntiSophication of a classical algebraic structure produces an AntiAlgebra.

Download or read book Neutrosophy written by Florentin Smarandache and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neutrosophic Precalculus and Neutrosophic Calculus second enlarged edition written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrosophy means the study of ideas and notions that are not true, nor false, but in between (i.e. neutral, indeterminate, unclear, vague, ambiguous, incomplete, contradictory, etc.). Each field has a neutrosophic part, i.e. that part that has indeterminacy. Thus, there were born the neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics, neutrosophic measure, neutrosophic precalculus, neutrosophic calculus, etc. There exist many types of indeterminacies – that is why neutrosophy can be developed in many different ways.

Download or read book Prime Numbers written by Richard Crandall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-07 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges the gap between theoretical and computational aspects of prime numbers Exercise sections are a goldmine of interesting examples, pointers to the literature and potential research projects Authors are well-known and highly-regarded in the field

Download or read book Combinatorial Geometry with Applications to Field Theory Second Edition graduate textbook in mathematics written by Linfan Mao and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2011 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nidus Idearum Scilogs I de neutrosophia written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2016-10-01 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welcome into my scientific lab! My lab[oratory] is a virtual facility with non-controlled conditions in which I mostly perform scientific chats. I called the jottings herein scilogs (truncations of the words scientific, and gr. Λόγος – appealing rather to its original meanings "ground", "opinion", "expectation"), combining the welly of both science and informal (via internet) talks. In this book, one may find new and old questions and ideas, some of them already put at work, others dead or waiting, referring to various fields of research (e.g. from neutrosophic algebraic structures to Zhang's degree of intersection, or from Heisenberg uncertainty principle to neutrosophic statistics) – email messages to research colleagues, or replies, notes about authors, articles or books, so on. Feel free to budge in the lab or use the scilogs as open source for your own ideas.

Download or read book Algebraic Structures of Neutrosophic Triplets Neutrosophic Duplets or Neutrosophic Multisets written by Florentin Smarandache and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrosophy (1995) is a new branch of philosophy that studies triads of the form (, , ), where is an entity {i.e. element, concept, idea, theory, logical proposition, etc.}, is the opposite of , while is the neutral (or indeterminate) between them, i.e., neither nor . Based on neutrosophy, the neutrosophic triplets were founded, which have a similar form (x, neut(x), anti(x)), that satisfy several axioms, for each element x in a given set. This collective book presents original research papers by many neutrosophic researchers from around the world, that report on the state-of-the-art and recent advancements of neutrosophic triplets, neutrosophic duplets, neutrosophic multisets and their algebraic structures – that have been defined recently in 2016 but have gained interest from world researchers. Connections between classical algebraic structures and neutrosophic triplet / duplet / multiset structures are also studied. And numerous neutrosophic applications in various fields, such as: multi-criteria decision making, image segmentation, medical diagnosis, fault diagnosis, clustering data, neutrosophic probability, human resource management, strategic planning, forecasting model, multi-granulation, supplier selection problems, typhoon disaster evaluation, skin lesson detection, mining algorithm for big data analysis, etc.

Download or read book Combinatorial Geometry with Applications to Field Theory written by Linfan Mao and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2009 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is motivated with surveying mathematics and physics by CC conjecture, i.e., a mathematical science can be reconstructed from or made by combinatorialization. Topics covered in this book include fundamental of mathematical combinatorics, differential Smarandache n-manifolds, combinatorial or differentiable manifolds and submanifolds, Lie multi-groups, combinatorial principal fiber bundles, gravitational field, quantum fields with their combinatorial generalization, also with discussions on fundamental questions in epistemology. All of these are valuable for researchers in combinatorics, topology, differential geometry, gravitational or quantum fields.

Download or read book Neutrosophic Graphs A New Dimension to Graph Theory written by Vasantha Kandasamy and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies to neutrosophic graphs happens to be not only innovative and interesting, but gives a new dimension to graph theory. The classic coloring of edge problem happens to give various results. Neutrosophic tree will certainly find lots of applications in data mining when certain levels of indeterminacy is involved in the problem. Several open problems are suggested.

Download or read book The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition 1985 2000 written by Kiran Sridhara Kedlaya and published by MAA. This book was released on 2002 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third volume of problems from the William Lowell Putnam Competition is unlike the previous two in that it places the problems in the context of important mathematical themes. The authors highlight connections to other problems, to the curriculum and to more advanced topics. The best problems contain kernels of sophisticated ideas related to important current research, and yet the problems are accessible to undergraduates. The solutions have been compiled from the American Mathematical Monthly, Mathematics Magazine and past competitors. Multiple solutions enhance the understanding of the audience, explaining techniques that have relevance to more than the problem at hand. In addition, the book contains suggestions for further reading, a hint to each problem, separate from the full solution and background information about the competition. The book will appeal to students, teachers, professors and indeed anyone interested in problem solving as a gateway to a deep understanding of mathematics.

Download or read book Fuzzy Semigroups written by John N. Mordeson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-03 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lotfi Zadeh introduced the notion of a fuzzy subset of a set in 1965. Ris seminal paper has opened up new insights and applications in a wide range of scientific fields. Azriel Rosenfeld used the notion of a fuzzy subset to put forth cornerstone papers in several areas of mathematics, among other discplines. Rosenfeld is the father of fuzzy abstract algebra. Kuroki is re sponsible for much of fuzzy ideal theory of semigroups. Others who worked on fuzzy semigroup theory, such as Xie, are mentioned in the bibliogra phy. The purpose of this book is to present an up to date account of fuzzy subsemigroups and fuzzy ideals of a semigroup. We concentrate mainly on theoretical aspects, but we do include applications. The applications are in the areas of fuzzy coding theory, fuzzy finite state machines, and fuzzy languages. An extensive account of fuzzy automata and fuzzy languages is given in [100]. Consequently, we only consider results in these areas that have not appeared in [100] and that pertain to semigroups. In Chapter 1, we review some basic results on fuzzy subsets, semigroups, codes, finite state machines, and languages. The purpose of this chapter is to present basic results that are needed in the remainder of the book. In Chapter 2, we introduce certain fuzzy ideals of a semigroup, namely, fuzzy two-sided ideals, fuzzy bi-ideals, fuzzy interior ideals, fuzzy quasi ideals, and fuzzy generalized bi-ideals.

Download or read book Neutrosophic Rings written by W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on algebraic structure of group rings is one of the leading, most sought-after topics in ring theory. The new class of neutrosophic rings defined in this book form a generalization of group rings and semigroup rings.The study of the classes of neutrosophic group neutrosophic rings and S-neutrosophic semigroup neutrosophic rings which form a type of generalization of group rings will throw light on group rings and semigroup rings which are essential substructures of them. A salient feature of this group is the many suggested problems on the new classes of neutrosophic rings, solutions of which will certainly develop some of the still open problems in group rings.Further, neutrosophic matrix rings find applications in neutrosophic models like Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps (NCM), Neutrosophic Relational Maps (NRM), Neutrosophic Bidirectional Memories (NBM) and so on.

Download or read book Plithogeny Plithogenic Set Logic Probability and Statistics written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2017-10-01 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We introduce for the first time the concept of plithogeny in philosophy and, as a derivative, the concepts of plithogenic set / logic / probability / statistics in mathematics and engineering – and the degrees of contradiction (dissimilarity) between the attributes’ values that contribute to a more accurate construction of plithogenic aggregation operators and to the plithogenic relationship of inclusion (partial ordering).