Download or read book Small ruminant value chains in Western Balkan countries written by Xhoxhi, O. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2024-01-23 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past five years, the small ruminant sector in the Western Balkans has experienced a decline, most notably in Albania, where the sheep population decreased from 1.97 million to 1.48 million. Despite this setback, Albania remains the leading producer of sheep and goat milk in the region, while Serbia has achieved a remarkable 44.6 percent increase in sheep and goat meat production over the past decade. Albania's per capita consumption of mutton and goat meat stands among the highest globally at 8.68 kg/year in 2020, a stark contrast to other Western Balkans countries, where consumption ranges from 0.61 to 3.33 kg/year. Bosnia and Herzegovina is the top importer of live small ruminants, whereas Serbia and Montenegro mainly import processed sheep and goat meat. The report delineates four principal market channels for small ruminant milk and three for small ruminant meat that farmers utilize for product commercialization. Albanian small ruminant farmers predominantly focus on milk production, while their counterparts in Serbia, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina are inclined towards meat production. The sheep and goat sector confronts several challenges, including limited labour availability, depressed prices, and insufficient investment funds. Additionally, the undeveloped wool value chain raises environmental concerns. Regarding policy preferences, sheep and goat farmers favour direct support measures, such as per head payments for milking small ruminants. Suggested interventions include replicating successful business models, fostering collective actions, and aligning strategies with the European Union's Green Deal. The report underscores the necessity for enhanced buyer–farmer integration, effective value chain governance, and strategic farm management practices to foster growth in the small ruminant sector.
Download or read book The Changing Face of Rural Space written by Julian Lampietti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-05-04 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although at different stages of development, the countries of the Western Balkans—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia—face similar challenges in transforming and modernizing their agricultural food production (agri-food) sectors. Their rural sectors have lagged behind the rest of the economy in growth and poverty reduction, their agri-food sectors are undercapitalized and highly fragmented, and their agro-processing capacities limited. Agricultural trade deficits are widening, climate change is posing increasing risks to farm incomes, and low-cost imports and changing consumer preferences are further eroding competitiveness. Added to this scenario are the challenges and opportunities of adopting the EU 'acquis communautaire' relating to agriculture. Based on recent World Bank reports prepared in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the European Commission Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development, 'The Changing Face of Rural Space: Agriculture and Rural Development in the Western Balkans' identifies what is constraining agricultural competitiveness in these countries, examines public expenditures in agriculture, and diagnoses key challenges for agricultural policy makers. The book expands on previous findings to provide a strategic policy framework for transforming and modernizing the agri-food sector and, in the context of region’s ongoing process of integration with the European Union, creating a dynamic rural space in the Western Balkans. The book offers Western Balkan governments and international donors a shared vision of the goals and directions their agriculture and rural development policies and programs might take.
Download or read book Farming Systems and Poverty written by John A. Dixon and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A joint FAO and World Bank study which shows how the farming systems approach can be used to identify priorities for the reduction of hunger and poverty in the main farming systems of the six major developing regions of the world.
Download or read book Building Resilience for Adaptation to Climate Change in the Agriculture Sector written by Alexandre Meybeck and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2012 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The joint workshop on Building resilience for adaptation to climate change in the agriculture sector was organized by FAO and OECD, and was held from 23 to 24 April 2012, at FAO headquarters in Rome."--P. 5.
Download or read book Lumpy Skin Disease written by Eeva S. M. Tuppurainen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive but concise overview on the economically important emerging cattle pox virus derived Lumpy Skin Disease, including the characteristics of causative agent, description of clinical signs in cattle, pathology and histopathology, immunity, geographical distribution, epidemiology and transmission pathways, control and eradication of the disease. In addition the recent developments in vaccination, mathematical modeling and risk assessment are discussed. Lumpy Skin Disease currently spreads aggressively across the Middle and Near East. The first incursion to the European Union territory occurred in Greece in autumn 2015. The book targets clinicians and field veterinarians in Lumpy Skin Disease affected regions, veterinary authorities as well as advanced students in veterinary medicine and virology.
Download or read book Reaching the Rural Poor written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the fact that three quarters of the world's poor live in rural areas, the level of international development aid directed at rural areas has continued to decline over the last decade, particularly in terms of the agricultural sector. In 2001, lending for agricultural projects was the lowest in the World Bank's history. This publication presents the World Bank's new rural development strategy based upon a results oriented approach which stresses practice, implementation, monitoring and empowerment aspects. The strategy seeks to highlight rural development efforts, focusing on the needs of the rural poor, fostering a broad-based economic growth and addressing the impact of global developments on client countries.
Download or read book INRA feeding system for ruminants written by INRA and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-11-27 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The INRA Feeding System for Ruminants has been renewed to better address emerging challenges for animal nutrition: prevision of productive responses, product quality, animal health and emissions to the environment, in a larger extent of breeding contexts. The new system is mainly built from meta-analyses of large data bases, and modelling. The dietary supply model accounts for digestive interactions and flows of individual nutrients, so that feed values depend on the final ration. Animal requirements account for variability in metabolic efficiency. Various productive and non-productive animal responses to diets are quantified. This book presents the whole system for dairy and meat, large and small ruminant production, including specificities for tropical and Mediterranean areas. The first two sections present biological concepts and equations (with their field of application and statistical accuracy) used to predict intake (including at grazing) and nutrient supply (Section 1), animal’s requirements and multiple responses to diets (Section 2). They apply to net energy, metabolisable protein and amino acids, water, minerals and vitamins. Section 3 presents the use of concepts and equations in rationing with two purposes: (1) diet calculation for a given performance objective; and (2) prediction of the multiple responses of animal to diet changes. Section 4 displays the tables of feed values, and their prevision. All the equations and concepts are embedded in the fifth version of INRAtion® software for practical use.
Download or read book Livestock to 2020 written by Christopher L. Delgado and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 1999 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The livestock revolution; Recent transformation of livestock food demand; Accompanying transformation of livestock supply; Projections of future demand and supply to 2020; Implications of the livestock revolution for world trade and food prices; Nutrition, food security, and poverty alleviation; Environmental sustainability; Public health; Technology needs and prospects; Taking stock and moving forward.
Download or read book Development of Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central and Eastern Europe written by European Association of Agricultural Economists. Seminar and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Goat Science written by Sándor Kukovics and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Goat science covers quite a wide range and varieties of topics, from genetics and breeding, via nutrition, production systems, reproduction, milk and meat production, animal health and parasitism, etc., up to the effects of goat products on human health. In this book, several parts of them are presented within 18 different chapters. Molecular genetics and genetic improvement of goats are the new approaches of goat development. Several factors affect the passage rate of digesta in goats, but for diet properties, goats are similar to other ruminants. Iodine deficiency in goats could be dangerous. Assisted reproduction techniques have similar importance in goats like in other ruminants. Milk and meat production traits of goats are almost equally important and have significant positive impacts on human health. Many factors affect the health of goats, heat stress being of increasing importance. Production systems could modify all of the abovementioned characteristics of goats.
Download or read book Bluetongue written by Peter Mertens and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2008-10-29 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third volume in the Institute of Animal Health (IAH) Biology of Animal Infections Series, Bluetongue discusses one of the most economically important diseases of domesticated livestock. Affecting primarily sheep particularly the improved mutton and wool breeds, it is now endemic in Africa, India, the Middle and Far East, Australia and the Americas, and over the last six years has caused a series of outbreaks throughout the Mediterranean region and central Europe. Bluetongue represent a paradigm not only for the other orbiviruses (such as African horse sickness virus, which shares the same vector species) but also for other insect transmitted diseases, including those of humans. - The only single definitive work that provides both historical and up to date data on the disease - Describes the latest developments in epidemiological modelling, molecular epidemiology and vaccine development, as well as explaining the current global epidemiology of the disease - Outlines the importance and possible mechanisms of overwintering, and the impact of global warming on the vectors and virus distribution
Download or read book Consumer attitudes to food quality products written by Marija Klopčič and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quality foods, such as traditional, EU certified, organic and health claimed are part of a growing trend towards added value in the agri-food sector. In these foods, elements of production, processing, marketing, agro-tourism and speciality stores are combined. Paramount above all is the link to the consumer, which requires a personal approach. At this point, one enters the field of food consumer science. This can be seen as a hybrid of two distinct sciences. On one hand, there is the 'hardware' component, i.e. the science of food. On the other hand, the 'software' component, related to the science of consumers' preferences and behaviour. In animal science, nearly all attention is given to the 'hardware' aspect. However, to build a successful business in quality food products, the 'software' aspect is essential. This publication devotes special attention to the consumer and gives insight into an area of knowledge still very much in development. It is intended to enhance understanding of the complex relationships in the route from products to consumers and offers practical solutions in this field. This publication includes review articles covering basic aspects of food consumer science and research trends in the field, and a series of country reports and articles on relevant studies related to the topic, with emphasis on Southern Europe.
Download or read book Brined Cheeses written by Adnan Y. Tamime and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Society of Dairy Technology (SDT) has joined with Blackwell Publishing to produce a series of technical dairy-related handbooks providing an invaluable resource for all those involved in the dairy industry; from practitioners to technologists working in both traditional and modern larged-scale dairy operations. Brined cheeses such as feta and halloumi have seen a large increase in popularity and as a result, increasing economic value. Over the past two decades the dairy industry has carried out much research into starter cultures alongside technological developments, widening the range of brined cheese products available to consumers worldwide. The third title in the SDT series, Brined Cheeses gathers research on this important range of cheese varieties from around the world into a single volume, offering the reader: A practically-oriented and user-friendly guide Key commercially important information Coverage of all the major stages of manufacture Background to each variety Review of how different varieties are utilised in different countries Edited by Adnan Tamime, with contributions from international authors and full of core commercially useful information for the dairy industry, this book is an essential title for dairy scientists, dairy technologists and nutritionists worldwide.
Download or read book Microbial Zoonoses and Sapronoses written by Zdenek Hubálek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the state of art in the field of microbial zoonoses and sapronoses. It could be used as a textbook or manual in microbiology and medical zoology for students of human and veterinary medicine, including Ph.D. students, and for biomedicine scientists and medical practitioners and specialists as well. Surprisingly, severe zoonoses and sapronoses still appear that are either entirely new (e.g., SARS), newly recognized (Lyme borreliosis), resurging (West Nile fever in Europe), increasing in incidence (campylobacterosis), spatially expanding (West Nile fever in the Americas), with a changing range of hosts and/or vectors, with changing clinical manifestations or acquiring antibiotic resistance. The collective term for those diseases is (re)emerging infections, and most of them represent zoonoses and sapronoses (the rest are anthroponoses). The number of known zoonotic and sapronotic pathogens of humans is continually growing − over 800 today. In the introductory part, short characteristics are given of infectious and epidemic process, including the role of environmental factors, possibilities of their epidemiological surveillance, and control. Much emphasis is laid on ecological aspects of these diseases (haematophagous vectors and their life history; vertebrate hosts of zoonoses; habitats of the agents and their geographic distribution; natural focality of diseases). Particular zoonoses and sapronoses are then characterized in the following brief paragraphs: source of human infection; animal disease; transmission mode; human disease; epidemiology; diagnostics; therapy; geographic distribution.
Download or read book The European Environment written by European Environment Agency and published by Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. This book was released on 2005 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the third state and outlook report on the European environment produced by the European Environment Agency (EEA) since 1994. The last report, published in 1999 concluded that, despite 25 years of Community environmental policy, environmental quality in the European Union (EU) was mixed and that the unsustainable development of some key economic sectors was the major barrier to further improvements. That remains the EEA's key conclusion, despite significant progress on some issues demonstrating that environmental policy works. The next report is due in 2010, and the EEA intends to have played its part in reversing unsustainable trends in sectors such as energy, agriculture and transport. This report is in four parts: (A) an integrated assessment of the atmospheric, aquatic and terrestrial environment; (B) a core set of indicators, including pollution, biodiversity, climate change, agriculture, energy, fisheries and transport; (C) country analysis; and (D) a bibliography of EEA publications since 2000.
Download or read book Breeding Strategies for Sustainable Management of Animal Genetic Resources written by Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic improvement is an essential component of the management of animal genetic resources and can make important contributions to food security and rural development. Yet, the majority of developing countries have not been successful in sustaining breed development programmes. The objective of these guidelines is to help countries plan and develop effective genetic improvement programmes and to maximize the chances that such programmes will be sustained. These guidelines address Strategic Priority Area 2 of the Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic resources adopted in 2007, and are intended for use by policy-makers and organizations involved in livestock development.
Download or read book Wild Sheep and Goats and Their Relatives written by David M. Shackleton and published by World Conservation Union. This book was released on 1997 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wild caprinae, including sheep and goats, are an extremely valuable group of mammals. While most live in mountains, some inhabit desert grasslands, tropical forests or even arctic tundra. They range in size from the 30kg goral to the 350kg musk ox and display a variety of horn shapes and sizes as well as coat and body coloration. They are highly prized by hunters on account of their horns and their coats. Today, despite their important domestic relations, many wild caprinae are in danger of being lost forever: over 70 of caprinae taxa are threatened and over 30 endangered or critical. The main threats to them are over-harvesting, habitat loss and resource competition from livestock. Some face an additional threat from trophy hunters. Despite this, however, conservation legislation is either absent or, more often, poorly enforced. This action plan explores the value of caprinae to biodiversity, the threats facing the members of the species, and makes recommendations to reverse current trends. It also emphasizes the importance to carpinae conservation and survival of close collaboration among all parties involved in wildlife conservation including local peoples and hunting organizations, governments, scientists and academic institutions.
