Download or read book Recent Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes written by Rolf Gimbel and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2006-03-31 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slow sand filtration is typically cited as being the first "engineered" process in drinking-water treatment. Proven modifications to the conventional slow sand filtration process, the awareness of induced biological activity in riverbank filtration systems, and the growth of oxidant-induced biological removals in more rapid-rate filters (e.g. biological activated carbon) demonstrate the renaissance of biofiltration as a treatment process that remains viable for both small, rural communities and major cities. Biofiltration is expected to become even more common in the future as efforts intensify to decrease the presence of disease-causing microorganisms and disinfection by-products in drinking water, to minimize microbial regrowth potential in distribution systems, and where operator skill levels are emphasized. Recent Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes provides a state-of-the-art assessment on a variety of biofiltration systems from studies conducted around the world. The authors collectively represent a perspective from 23 countries and include academics, biofiltration system users, designers, and manufacturers. It provides an up-to-date perspective on the physical, chemical, biological, and operational factors affecting the performance of slow sand filtration (SSF), riverbank filtration (RBF), soil-aquifer treatment (SAT), and biological activated carbon (BAC) processes. The main themes are: comparable overviews of biofiltration systems; slow sand filtration process behavior, treatment performance and process developments; and alternative biofiltration process behaviors, treatment performances, and process developments.
Download or read book Water Filtration Practices written by Gary S. Logsdon and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water operators will find a wealth of hands-on information on the operation and maintenance of pretreatment, rapid-rate granular media filtration, slow-sand filtration, and diatomaceous-earth filtration systems in this book. This practical guide provides recommended procedures for operating, monitoring, and maintaining all types of filters used for conventional water treatment. These procedures are tested and time-proven by hundreds of water utilities and filtration experts to provide high filter efficiency, excellent water quality, long filter runs and minimum downtime. The book also gives advice on what not to do-and why-so you can avoid water quality problems, filter damage, and treatment problems in the future.
Download or read book Slow Sand Filtration written by Nigel Jonathon Douglas Graham and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Slow Sand Filtration written by American Society of Civil Engineers. Task Committee on Slow Sand Filtration and published by American Society of Civil Engineers. This book was released on 1991 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarises current practice regarding slow sand filtration in the US. It examines topics such as the biological and physical mechanisms, appropriate water quality, micro-organisms removal, filter design, construction, operation, maintenance, costs and pilot studies.
Download or read book Manual of Design for Slow Sand Filtration written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Slow Sand Filter Maintenance written by Raymond D. Letterman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Slow Sand Filtration written by American Water Works Association and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Slow Sand and Alternative Biological Filtration written by Nigel Graham and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1996-07-10 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slow sand filtration is credited with being the first drinking water treatment process utilised to improve the quality of water in both modern Europe and the USA. Within the last 10 years, there has been a renaissance of interest in the potential use of enhanced processes of slow sand filtration throughout the world, especially for small and rural communities, and it continues to be the primary treatment process for many major European cities. The book deals with the latest research developments in slow sand and alternative biological filtration processes for drinking water treatment, including advances in the understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of the processes. In addition, progress in the techniques of operation and upgrading of the processes are described, with case studies from around the world. The principal themes of the book are: General overview; Removal of Natural Organic Matter (NOM), Biodegradable Organic Carbon (BOC) and Ozonation by-products; Biofilter media characteristics; Influence of process design variables and modifications; Modelling process performance; Pre-treatment applications; Operational experience and cleaning; and Upgrading treatment processes. The book also has an international perspective with case-studies from around the world.
Download or read book Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes written by Nobutada Nakamoto and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a state-of-the-art assessment on a variety of biofiltration water treatment systems from studies conducted around the world. The authors collectively represent a perspective from 23 countries and include academics/researchers, biofiltration system users, designers, and manufacturers. Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes - Further Developments and Applications offers technical information and discussion to provide perspective on the biological and physical factors affecting the performance of slow sand filtration and biological filtration processes. Chapters were submitted from the 5th International Slow Sand and Alternative Biological Filtration Conference, Nagoya, Japan in June 2014. Authors: Nobutada Nakamoto, Shinshu University, Japan, Nigel Graham, Imperial College London, UK, M. Robin Collins, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA and Rolf Gimbel,Universität Duisburg, Essen, Germany.
Download or read book Slow Sand Filtration written by World Health Organization. International Reference Centre and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Slow Sand Filtration written by L. Huisman and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safe Water From Every Tap written by Committee on Small Water Supply Systems and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-01-13 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small communities violate federal requirements for safe drinking water as much as three times more often than cities. Yet these communities often cannot afford to improve their water service. Safe Water From Every Tap reviews the risks of violating drinking water standards and discusses options for improving water service in small communities. Included are detailed reviews of a wide range of technologies appropriate for treating drinking water in small communities. The book also presents a variety of institutional options for improving the management efficiency and financial stability of water systems.
Download or read book Water Wastewater and Sludge Filtration written by C. Visvanathan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-02-28 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and up-to-date account of filtration in solid-liquid separation processes, with a sharp focus on the influence of pro-cess variables on performance and specific applications is pre-sented in this volume. With contribu-tions from researchers with significant industrial experi-ence, as well as by senior academics, this publication fea-tures a deep bed filtration overview with informa-tion on mathematical modeling and application in wastewater treat-ment. Pre-treatment filtration techniques such as cartridge filters, pre-coat filters and micro screening are included. Membrane filtration processes to remove dis-solved and suspended solids for the recovery of valuable ma-terials and the provision of high quality water are covered. Sludge de-watering methods such as centrifuga-tion, and vacuum and pressure filtration are described. Application status data, tables, figures and diagrams are also included. This volume is of special interest to practicing engineers and technolo-gists dealing with treatment problems requiring filtration solu-tions and to graduate students in environmental engineering.
Download or read book Slow Sand Filtration written by Lennox O'Reilly Augustus Lewis and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intermittent Slow Sand Filters written by Magdalena Pachocka and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As many as 500,000 people in developing countries rely on an intermittent slow sand filter, called the BioSand filter to provide safe drinking water. However, it has been shown that BioSand filters do not remove all of the pathogens. The mechanisms of water purification in slow sand filtration have not been clearly understood until this day. In order to successfully influence intermittent slow sand filters performance we need to have a full understanding of removal processes that govern their efficiency. In the first part of this study pathogen removal mechanisms in intermittent slow sand filtration were investigated. In the second part of this study the effect on pathogen removal of a zero-valent iron-sand mixed layer, placed at the bottom of an intermittent slow sand filter was investigated. A series of experiments was performed on sand columns ripened with creek water. It was shown that the majority of E.coli was removed during filtration through the schmutzdecke, while the residence time in the biologically active layer did not have a significant effect on its removal. Quite to the contrary, the majority of MS-2 virus was removed with the residence time in the biologically active layer while the filtration through the schmutzdecke did not have significant affect on its removal. Clearly, two different mechanisms govern bacteria and virus removal in intermittent slow sand filtration. The EDX analysis of the schmutzdecke material revealed that it was primarily composed of O, C, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, and Mn. The zeta potential analysis showed that the schmutzdecke was neutral in charge and was composed of positively, neutrally and negatively charged particles. It was determined that a flocculation process was not a likely mechanism of either E.coli or MS-2 removal in intermittent slow sand filtration. The disturbance of the schmutzdecke had a significant impact on E.coli removal but only a slight effect on MS-2 removal. The intricate internal structure of the schmutzdecke might affect bacteria removal by an increase in rate of collisions. The disturbance of the schmutzdecke may cause the water to bypass the treatment in the schmutzdecke "network" of polymeric strands. It was concluded that an additional treatment step is needed in order to efficiently remove viruses; that the residence time in the schmutzdecke affects the quality of the effluent.; that the disturbance of the schmutzdecke might lead to a significant compromise in water quality and thus should be avoided; and that the addition of Al or Fe into the filter influent might benefit the pathogen removal efficiency. In the second part of the study an intermittent slow sand filter was amended with a zero-valent iron-sand mixture at the bottom of the column in order to improve its performance, especially virus removal. In the first challenge experiment the ZVI amended filter removed 100% of both E.coli and MS-2. Although, in the second challenge experiment the zero-valent iron-sand layer caused a decrease in E.coli/MS-2 concentration for unknown reasons, both E.coli and MS-2, exhibited breakthrough in the effluent. The ZVI powder can be obtained by sieving iron filings which are a waste byproduct of iron industry. Therefore, it is readily available to communities in developing countries. It was shown that use of ZVI in an intermittent slow sand filter can greatly improve its safety. However, the mechanisms responsible for this benefit and limitations of ZVI are not yet explained and deserve to be investigated.
Download or read book Slow Sand Filtration written by Jan Teun Visscher and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Quest for Pure Water written by Moses Nelson Baker and published by . This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
