Download or read book Single Particle Fluorescence Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Biological Aerosols written by P. Steele and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (BAMS) is an emerging technique for the detection of biological aerosols, which is being developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The current system uses several orthogonal analytical methods to improve system selectivity, sensitivity and speed in order to maximize its utility as a biological aerosol detection system with extremely low probability of false alarm and high probability of detection. Our approach is to pre-select particles of interest by size and fluorescence prior to mass spectral analysis. The ability to distinguish biological aerosols from background and to discriminate bacterial spores, vegetative cells, viruses and toxins from one another will be shown. Data from particle standards of known chemical composition will be discussed. Analysis of ambient particles will also be presented.
Download or read book Bioaerosol Detection Technologies written by Per Jonsson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to give technological background and practical examples, but also to give general insight into the on-going technology development in the area of biodetection. The content is therefore suitable for an array of stakeholders (decision makers, purchasing officers, etc.) and end-users of biodetection equipment within the areas of health, environment, safety and security, and military preparation. The book is divided into three sections. The first section discusses the fundamental physical and biological properties of bioaerosol's. The second section goes into more detail and discusses in-depth the most commonly used detection principles. The third section of the book is devoted to technologies that have been used in standoff applications. The last section of the book gives an overview of trends in bioaerosol detection. The reader of this book will gain knowledge about the different biodetection technologies and thus better judge their capabilities in relation to desired applications.
Download or read book Single Particle Fluorescence and Mass Spectrometry in Various Environments as Observed by Biological Aerosol Mass Spectrometry BAMS written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterizing Single Particle Ionization Using Bio aerosol Mass Spectrometry written by Erica Lynne McJimpsey and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Biological Particles by Mass Spectrometry written by United States. Department of the Army. Research Office and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Detection of Biological Particles in Ambient Air Using Bio Aerosol Mass Spectrometry written by M. Frank and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bio-Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (BAMS) system is an instrument used for the real time detection and identification of biological aerosols. Particles are drawn from the atmosphere directly into vacuum and tracked as they scatter light from several continuous wave lasers. After tracking, the fluorescence of individual particles is excited by a pulsed 266nm or 355nm laser. Molecules from those particles with appropriate fluorescence properties are subsequently desorbed and ionized using a pulsed 266nm laser. Resulting ions are analyzed in a dual polarity mass spectrometer. During two field deployments at the San Francisco International Airport, millions of ambient particles were analyzed and a small but significant fraction were found to have fluorescent properties similar to Bacillus spores and vegetative cells. Further separation of non-biological background particles from potential biological particles was accomplished using laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. This has been shown to enable some level of species differentiation in specific cases, but the creation and observation of higher mass ions is needed to enable a higher level of specificity across more species. A soft ionization technique, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is being investigated for this purpose. MALDI is particularly well suited for mass analysis of biomolecules since it allows for the generation of molecular ions from large mass compounds that would fragment under normal irradiation. Some of the initial results from a modified BAMS system utilizing this technique are described.
Download or read book Real Time Bio warfare Agent Detection Using Bio aerosol Mass Spectrometry written by Scott Chandler Russell and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Single Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy written by Chris Gell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-08-17 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical measurements at the single molecule level under ambient conditions have become almost routine in the past few years. The application of this technology to fundamental studies of heterogeneity in biomolecular structure and dynamics, chemical and biological reaction kinetics, and photophysics provides a rich playground for molecular scientists. The potential use of single molecule detection for nanotechnology and quantum information processing is a new and almost unexplored area. This handbook is intended for those interested in a practical introduction to single molecule investigations using fluorescence techniques and places special emphasis on the practicalities of achieving single molecule resolution, analysing the resulting data and exploration of the applications in biophysics. It is ideal for graduate research students and others embarking on work in this exciting field.
Download or read book Aerosol Science and Technology written by David S. Ensor and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2011-10-06 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews captures an exciting slice of history in the evolution of aerosol science. It presents in-depth biographies of four leading international aerosol researchers and highlights pivotal research institutions in New York, Minnesota, and Austria. One collection of chapters reflects on the legacy of the Pasadena smog experiment, while another presents a fascinating overview of military applications and nuclear aerosols. Finally, prominent researchers offer detailed reviews of aerosol measurement, processes, experiments, and technology that changed the face of aerosol science. This volume is the third in a series and is supported by the American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) History Working Group, whose goal is to produce archival books from its symposiums on the history of aerosol science to ensure a lasting record. It is based on papers presented at the Third Aerosol History Symposium on September 8 and 9, 2006, in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Download or read book Fundamentals and Applications in Aerosol Spectroscopy written by Ruth Signorell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-12-20 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helping you better understand the processes, instruments, and methods of aerosol spectroscopy, Fundamentals and Applications in Aerosol Spectroscopy provides an overview of the state of the art in this rapidly developing field. It covers fundamental aspects of aerosol spectroscopy, applications to atmospherically and astronomically relevant problem
Download or read book The Application of Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometry for the Detection and Identification of High Explosives and Chemical Warfare Agents written by Audrey Noreen Martin and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Signal Variation in Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometry written by Zachary Daniel Wissner-Gross and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid and accurate detection of airborne micro-particles is currently an important problem in national security. One approach to such detection, bioaerosol mass spectrometry (BAMS), is currently under development at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. BAMS is a type of single particle aerosol mass spectrometry that rapidly records dual-polarity mass spectra of aerosolized micro-particles. However, the accuracy of the BAMS system is limited by various uncertainties, resulting in shot-to-shot variations in the mass spectra. I found that the variations in mass peak areas in BAMS spectra were significantly larger than those predicted by Poisson statistics based on the mean number of detected ions. Furthermore, these variations were surprisingly consistent as a function of peak area among synthetic, organic, and biological samples. For both positive and negative ions, the standard deviation in a peak's area was approximately proportional to the mean value of that area to the 0.9 power. Using the consistency of this data, I also developed a novel method for quantitatively evaluating the similarity between mass spectra using a chi-square factor. Peak area variations in other single particle aerosol mass spectrometers may be similarly analyzed and used to improve methods for rapid particle identification.
Download or read book Fundamentals and Applications in Aerosol Spectroscopy written by Ruth Signorell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-12-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helping you better understand the processes, instruments, and methods of aerosol spectroscopy, Fundamentals and Applications in Aerosol Spectroscopy provides an overview of the state of the art in this rapidly developing field. It covers fundamental aspects of aerosol spectroscopy, applications to atmospherically and astronomically relevant problems, and several aspects that need further research and development. Chapters in the book are arranged in order of decreasing wavelength of the light/electrons. The text starts with infrared spectroscopy, one of the most important aerosol characterization methods for laboratory studies, field measurements, remote sensing, and space missions. It then focuses on Raman spectroscopy for investigating aerosol processes in controlled laboratory studies and for analyzing environmental particles and atmospheric pollution. The next section discusses the use of cavity ring-down spectroscopy to measure light extinction, laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy to identify and classify biological aerosol particles, and ultrafast laser techniques to improve the specificity of bioaerosol detection. The final section examines recent developments involving novel techniques based on UV, x-ray, and electron beam studies. This book offers the first comprehensive overview of the spectroscopy of aerosols. It includes some results for the first time in the literature and presents a unique link between fundamental aspects and applications.
Download or read book Detection and Influence of Biological Aerosols in Marine and Coastal Environments written by Brock A. Mitts and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols influence climate by directly scatter radiation and affecting cloud properties and lifetime. Biological aerosols (bioaerosols) act as cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles (INPs) and can impact human and ecosystem health. Oceans, which cover over 70% of the Earth's surface, comprise an important source of bioaerosols emitted in both primary sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles and formed as secondary organic aerosols (SOA) from biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the influence of marine bioaerosols on clouds and climate remains an area of high uncertainty. In this dissertation, bioaerosols from marine environments were measured in laboratory-based systems and the ambient coastal environment to analyze their impact on cloud formation and on local communities. Studies on the ice nucleating ability of SSA showed supermicron-size SSA particles, rather than submicron, were the predominant source of INPs released from a marine environment. The size of these particles suggests these INPs represented bioaerosols, like marine bacteria, their fragments, or exudates. Bioaerosol emissions in SSA were measured with single-particle fluorescence spectrometry over the course of a mesocosm phytoplankton bloom and showed, for the first time, the fluorescence signature and size distribution of these particles in nascent SSA. To uncover how atmospheric oxidants impact the SSA fluorescence profile, an oxidative flow reactor was used to simulate days of atmospheric aging during a phytoplankton bloom study in an ocean-atmosphere system. This study revealed that aged SSA particles underwent chemical transformations from proteinaceous to humic-like particles, reflected in the loss of protein-like fluorescence and the production of humic-like fluorescence. Applying these online fluorescence methods to aerosols in an urban-coastal environment demonstrated the ability to distinguish and characterize marine and continental air masses. Lastly, we developed a novel system combining a sublimation-condensation flow tube with a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization matrix and an aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer to identify sub-100 nm SOA produced from biogenic VOCs. By improving bioaerosol detection in marine environments and better understanding their ability to seed clouds, the findings from this work enable more accurate representations and parameterizations of marine emissions for global climate models.
Download or read book Microbiology of Aerosols written by Anne-Marie Delort and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the microbiology of bioaerosols and their impact on the world in which we live The microbiology of aerosols is an emerging field of research that lies at the interface of a variety of scientific and health-related disciplines. This eye-opening book synthesizes the current knowledge about microorganisms—bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses—that are aloft in the atmosphere. The book is written collaboratively by an interdisciplinary and international panel of experts and carefully edited to provide a high-level overview of the emerging field of aerobiology. Four sections within Microbiology of Aerosols present the classical and online methods used for sampling and characterizing airborne microorganisms, their emission sources and short- to long-distance dispersal, their influence on atmospheric processes and clouds, and their consequences for human health and agro-ecosystems. Practical considerations are also discussed, including sampling techniques, an overview of the quantification and characterization of bioaerosols, transport of bioaerosols, and a summary of ongoing research opportunities in the field. Comprehensive in scope, the book: Explores this new field that is applicable to many disparate disciplines Covers the emission of bioaerosols to their deposit, covering both quantitative and qualitative aspects Provides insights into social and environmental effects of the presence of bioaerosols in the atmosphere Details the impact of bioaerosols on human health, animal and plant health, and on physical and chemical atmospheric processes Written by authors internationally recognized for their work on biological aerosols and originating from a variety of scientific fields collaborated on, Microbiology of Aerosols is an excellent resource for researchers and graduate or PhD students interested in atmospheric sciences or microbiology.
Download or read book A Framework for Assessing the Health Hazard Posed by Bioaerosols written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-10-30 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological warfare agent (BWA) detectors are designed to provide alerts to military personnel of the presence of dangerous biological agents. Detecting such agents promptly makes it possible to minimize contamination and personnel exposure and initiate early treatment. It is also important, though, that detectors not raise an alarm when the situation does not warrant it. The question considered in this book is whether Agent-Containing Particles per Liter of Air (ACPLA) is an appropriate unit of measure for use in the evaluation of aerosol detectors and whether a better, alternative measure can be developed. The book finds that ACPLA alone cannot determine whether a health threat exists. In order to be useful and comparable across all biological agents and detection systems, measurements must ultimately be related to health hazard. A Framework for Assessing the Health Hazard Posed by Bioaerosols outlines the possibility of a more complex, but more useful measurement framework that makes it possible to evaluate relative hazard by including agent identity and activity, particle size, and infectious dose.
Download or read book Fluorescence Spectra of Individual Flowing Airborne Biological Particles Measured in Real Time written by R. G. Pinnick and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The UV-excited fluorescence spectra of individual flowing biological aerosol particles as small as 2 pm in diameter have been measured in real time (rates up to 10 particles per second). The particles are illuminated with a single shot from a Q-switched 266- or 351-nm laser. The signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the spectra are sufficient for observing small line-shape differences among various types of bioaerosols (e.g., bacteria versus pollens) and between the same types of bioaerosol prepared under different conditions (e.g., the unstarved and four-month-starved E. coli strain DH5). Multiple-wavelength excitation provides additional information for distinguishing bioaerosols based on their fluorescence spectra.
