Download or read book SIMULATION STUDY ON EFFECT OF GAS CHARGING AND EGR IN A DUAL FUEL ENGINE written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Natural gas combined with diesel as micro pilot has the capabilities of achieving lower NOx and soot emissions. Optimization of the combustion process in engines with natural gas and diesel micro-pilot is essential to achieve higher efficiencies and loads. Gas charging (intake air boosting) and EGR are two technologies which when implemented in the natural gas-diesel engines, provide the opportunity to achieve higher efficiencies and loads and low emissions. Simulation study is one of the approaches to investigate the extent and effects of gas charging and EGR on the performance of the engine. With the rapid improvements over the past decade in the field of engine simulation and modeling, it has become an efficient, economical and reliable approach. GT-Suite, one of the widely-used Vehicle and Engine Simulation tools in the industries, provides the capabilities to calculate the combustion rate in Internal combustion engines for conventional as well as dual-fuel engines. Current research work uses GT-Suite software to study the effect of gas charging and EGR on a Cummins 2010 ISB 6.7 L engine in dual-fuel mode. One-dimensional simulation model for a Cummins 2010 ISB 6.7 L engine is developed by acquisition of dimensions from the engine. The simulation model is calibrated with the experimental data available from the diesel engine. The calibrated model is then developed into a dual-fuel model which is used to study the effect of EGR for diesel energy contribution percentages of 1,3, 5 and 10 and injection pressures of 300,600 and 1000 bar at diesel injection timings of 0° and 10° bTDC and a boost pressure of 2.5 bar. EGR levels were varied from 0-18%. Based on the simulation results for the test conditions, cases for lowest BMEP at 0° bTDC and 10° bTDC were selected and a boost pressure sweep was performed from 2.5 bar to 3 bar to study the effect of gas charging. The simulation results proved that the target BMEP of 25 bar and fuel conversion efficiency of up to 41% could be achieved in dual fuel mode for the Cummins 6.7L engine.
Download or read book Modeling and Control of EGR on Marine Two Stroke Diesel Engines written by Xavier Llamas and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international marine shipping industry is responsible for the transport of around 90% of the total world trade. Low-speed two-stroke diesel engines usually propel the largest trading ships. This engine type choice is mainly motivated by its high fuel efficiency and the capacity to burn cheap low-quality fuels. To reduce the marine freight impact on the environment, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced stricter limits on the engine pollutant emissions. One of these new restrictions, named Tier III, sets the maximum NOx emissions permitted. New emission reduction technologies have to be developed to fulfill the Tier III limits on two-stroke engines since adjusting the engine combustion alone is not sufficient. There are several promising technologies to achieve the required NOx reductions, Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is one of them. For automotive applications, EGR is a mature technology, and many of the research findings can be used directly in marine applications. However, there are some differences in marine two-stroke engines, which require further development to apply and control EGR. The number of available engines for testing EGR controllers on ships and test beds is low due to the recent introduction of EGR. Hence, engine simulation models are a good alternative for developing controllers, and many different engine loading scenarios can be simulated without the high costs of running real engine tests. The primary focus of this thesis is the development and validation of models for two-stroke marine engines with EGR. The modeling follows a Mean Value Engine Model (MVEM) approach, which has a low computational complexity and permits faster than real-time simulations suitable for controller testing. A parameterization process that deals with the low measurement data availability, compared to the available data on automotive engines, is also investigated and described. As a result, the proposed model is parameterized to two different two-stroke engines showing a good agreement with the measurements in both stationary and dynamic conditions. Several engine components have been developed. One of these is a new analytic in-cylinder pressure model that captures the influence of the injection and exhaust valve timings without increasing the simulation time. A new compressor model that can extrapolate to low speeds and pressure ratios in a physically sound way is also described. This compressor model is a requirement to be able to simulate low engine loads. Moreover, a novel parameterization algorithm is shown to handle well the model nonlinearities and to obtain a good model agreement with a large number of tested compressor maps. Furthermore, the engine model is complemented with dynamic models for ship and propeller to be able to simulate transient sailing scenarios, where good EGR controller performance is crucial. The model is used to identify the low load area as the most challenging for the controller performance, due to the slower engine air path dynamics. Further low load simulations indicate that sensor bias can be problematic and lead to an undesired black smoke formation, while errors in the parameters of the controller flow estimators are not as critical. This result is valuable because for a newly built engine a proper sensor setup is more straightforward to verify than to get the right parameters for the flow estimators.
Download or read book Utilizing a Cycle Simulation to Examine the Use of Exhaust Gas Recirculation EGR for a Spark ignition Engine written by Rajeshkumar Ghanshyambhai Shyani and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system has been widely used to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission, improve fuel economy and suppress knock by using the characteristics of charge dilution. However, previous studies have shown that as the EGR rate at a given engine operating condition increases, the combustion instability increases. The combustion instability increases cyclic variations resulting in the deterioration of engine performance and increasing hydrocarbon emissions. Therefore, the optimum EGR rate should be carefully determined in order to obtain the better engine performance and emissions. A thermodynamic cycle simulation of the four-stroke spark-ignition engine was used to determine the effects of EGR on engine performance, emission characteristics and second law parameters, considering combustion instability issues as EGR level increases. A parameter, called 'Fuel Fraction Burned, ' was introduced as a function of the EGR percentage and used in the simulation to incorporate the combustion instability effects. A comprehensive parametric investigation was conducted to examine the effects of variations in EGR, load and speed for a 5.7 liter spark-ignition automotive engine. Variations in the thermal efficiencies, brake specific NOx emissions, average combustion temperature, mean exhaust temperature, maximum temperature and relative heat transfer as functions of exhaust gas recycle were determined for both cooled and adiabatic EGR configurations. Also effects of variations in the load and speed on thermal efficiencies, relative heat transfers and destruction of availability due to combustion were determined for 0% EGR and 20% EGR cases with both cooled and adiabatic configurations. For both EGR configurations, thermal efficiencies first increase, reach a maximum at about 16% EGR and then decrease as the EGR level increases. Thermal efficiencies are slightly higher for cooled EGR configuration than that for adiabatic configuration. Concentration of nitric oxide emissions decreases from about 2950 ppm to 200 ppm as EGR level increases from 0% to 20% for cooled EGR configuration. The cooled EGR configuration results in lower nitric oxide emissions relative to the adiabatic EGR configuration. Also second law parameters show the expected trends as functions of EGR. Brake thermal efficiency is higher for the 20% EGR case than that for the no EGR case over the range of load (0 to WOT) and speed (600 rpm to 6000 rpm). Predictions made from the simulation were compared with some of the available experimental results. Predicted thermal efficiencies showed a similar trend when compared to the available experimental data. Also, percentage of unused fuel availability increases as the EGR level increases, and it can be seen as one of the effects of deteriorating combustion quality as the EGR level increases.
Download or read book Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation EGR in Spark ignition Engines to Lower NOx Emissions and Improve Fuel Consumption written by Patrick Glenn Szymkowicz and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimizing Combustion Operation in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation written by Malav Hemant Thakore and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the search for cleaner and greener power generation systems, researchers are relentlessly searching for a new engine technology that can perform at a higher efficiency with lower environmentally unsafe gases and particulate matter emissions. A Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is one such class of engines, which use high compression ratio to ignite pre-mixed homogeneous air-fuel mixture without the need for any spark plugs. HCCI engines have been drawing attention due to its 1) high operating efficiency and 2) low nitrogen oxide (NOX) and particulate matters (PM) emissions because of lower combustion temperatures. One of the major challenges associated with the HCCI engine is the very rapid combustion rate that results in very high rate of pressure rise and high rate of heat release. One way to address this issue is to reduce the combustion temperature by inducting exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) inside the combustion chamber to dilute the reactant mixture and subsequently lower the reaction rate, operating temperature, and harmful emissions. EGR gases are used to increase the heat capacity of the burned gases for a given quantity of heat release, which in turn lowers the combustion temperature. Particularly, in a four-stroke HCCI engine, hot EGR gases enhance combustion process, mainly due to the high temperature of the intake mixture. In study, a comprehensive simulation analysis of the HCCI engine is carried out using a CFD model that includes solution of three-dimensional RANS equations and turbulent closure model along with the detailed chemical kinetics and non-isothermal wall heat loss to show a quantitative evaluation of the sensitivity of the EGR rate on the heat-release rates (HRR), engine efficiency, and emission.
Download or read book Dual Fuel Diesel Engines written by Ghazi A. Karim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dual-Fuel Diesel Engines offers a detailed discussion of different types of dual-fuel diesel engines, the gaseous fuels they can use, and their operational practices. Reflecting cutting-edge advancements in this rapidly expanding field, this timely book:Explains the benefits and challenges associated with internal combustion, compression ignition,
Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines written by Institution of Mechanical Engineers and published by Woodhead Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2009-11-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary: This book contains the papers presented at the IMechE's Internal Combustion Engines: Performance, fuel economy and emissions conference, held at the IMechE, London, 8-9 December 2009. This conference, the latest in the successful biannual series on internal combustion engines, addresses drivers of change, technological developments and advances in the latest research. It examines developments for personal transport applications, though many of the drivers of change apply to light and heavy-duty, on and off-highway, transport and other sectors. The conference focuses on spark ignition engine technology for fuel economy, engine downsizing design and analysis, diesel engine design and analysis, and fuels. About the editors: The Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) is one of the leading professional engineering institutions in the world. Contents: SI ENGINES: TECHNOLOGY FOR FUEL ECONOMY A comparison of inlet valve operating strategies in a single cylinder spark ignition engine Future gasoline engine downsizing technologies - CO2 improvements and engine design considerations SI ENGINES: DOWNSIZING, DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Variable valve actuation enabled high efficiency gasoline engine A variable compression opposed-piston SI engine Application of high-precision absolute pressure sensors for gas exchange analysis DIESEL ENGINES: DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Effects of cooled and super-cooled low pressure EGR systems on the LD diesel engine performances Effect of compression ratio on combustion stability and performance of a DI diesel engine under cold conditions Effect of charge density on emissions in a HD-LTC diesel engine by retarding intake valve timing and rising boost pressure EMISSIONS CONTROL: NOx AND PARTICULATES Measures to improve the NOx-PM trade off for passenger car Diesel engines at elevated engine load Low particulate combustion development of the JCB Dieselmax mid-range off highway engine Exhaust inorganic nanoparticle emissions from internal combustion engines FUELS AND DIESEL ENGINES In-cylinder fuel injection and combustion analysis on 2nd generation bio-fuels in a single cylinder CR DI diesel optical engine Low NOx, low smoke operation of a diesel engine using a gasoline fuel Dual-fuel and low-carbon HGVs using bio methane Investigation of fuel properties and characterization of new generation alternative fuel for diesel engine LOW-TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION Hydrogen homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine with DME as an ignition promoter HCCI simulation of a non reciprocating internal combustion engine The effects of exhaust back pressure on conventional and low temperature diesel combustion FUELS AND SI ENGINES Omnivore: an automotive flex-fuel 2-stroke engine with variable compression ratio, variable charge trapping and direct fuel injection A study of gasoline-alcohol blended fuels in a turbocharged DISI engine The nature of "superknock" and its origins in SI engines
Download or read book Advances in Compression Ignition Natural Gas Diesel Dual Fuel Engines written by Hongsheng Guo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engine Modeling and Simulation written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the simulation and modeling of internal combustion engines. The contents include various aspects of diesel and gasoline engine modeling and simulation such as spray, combustion, ignition, in-cylinder phenomena, emissions, exhaust heat recovery. It also explored engine models and analysis of cylinder bore piston stresses and temperature effects. This book includes recent literature and focuses on current modeling and simulation trends for internal combustion engines. Readers will gain knowledge about engine process simulation and modeling, helpful for the development of efficient and emission-free engines. A few chapters highlight the review of state-of-the-art models for spray, combustion, and emissions, focusing on the theory, models, and their applications from an engine point of view. This volume would be of interest to professionals, post-graduate students involved in alternative fuels, IC engines, engine modeling and simulation, and environmental research.
Download or read book Alternative Fuels for Compression Ignition Engines written by Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the development and utilization of alternative fuels in order to reduce or control the environmental impact of internal combustion engine exhaust gases. Discussing alternative fuels such as dual fuel techniques, rubber seed/palm oil biodiesel, syngas dual-fuelling, water-in-diesel emulsions and gasification of date palm seeds, it is a valuable resource for researchers in the field of engine development and on alternative fuels.
Download or read book Emerging Environmental Technologies written by Vishal Shah and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-30 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this day and age, it is unfortunate that the economic prosperity and development leads to disruption of the dynamic balance of the environment. The philosophy of sustainable development has been presented for a long period of time but it has not been able to bring about a substantial change in our society. The transformation of this philosophy into a practical reality seems to be far away – at least in the foreseeable future. In my opinion, the only way I see the revolution taking place is for us to incorporate ‘sustainability’ in our daily living and to keep pushing for a sustainable society. Meanwhile, we also need scientists to work on technologies that would lead us to that goal at a faster pace. Technologies that are ‘completely’ environmentally friendly are needed urgently. And if such technologies or ideas of one exists, a platform is required that showcases such ideas to the scientific and non-scientific audience. Through this book, I am happy to present the thoughts of seven different research groups whose work may lead us to the doorsteps of sustainable society. As scientists, most of us specialize in a sub-topic that may be related to one of the three environmental components – air, land, or water. Over a period of time, we become so engrossed with the sub-discipline of our specialization that we only have glimpses of what is happening in other disciplines.
Download or read book Application of Clean Fuels in Combustion Engines written by Gabriele Di Blasio and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the impact of fuels characteristics and their effects on the combustion processes in internal combustion engines. It includes the analysis of a variety of biofuels (alcohol fuels and biodiesel) and biogases (natural gas, hydrogen, etc.), providing valuable information related to consequent effects on performance and emissions. The contents focus on recent results and current trends of fuel utilization in the transport sector. State-of-the-art of clean fuels application are also discussed. Thighs book will be of interest to those in academia and industry involved in fuels, IC engines, engine instrumentation, and environmental research.
Download or read book Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines written by Yu Shi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-22 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines presents the state of the art of computational models and optimization methods for internal combustion engine development using multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools and genetic algorithms. Strategies to reduce computational cost and mesh dependency are discussed, as well as regression analysis methods. Several case studies are presented in a section devoted to applications, including assessments of: spark-ignition engines, dual-fuel engines, heavy duty and light duty diesel engines. Through regression analysis, optimization results are used to explain complex interactions between engine design parameters, such as nozzle design, injection timing, swirl, exhaust gas recirculation, bore size, and piston bowl shape. Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines demonstrates that the current multi-dimensional CFD tools are mature enough for practical development of internal combustion engines. It is written for researchers and designers in mechanical engineering and the automotive industry.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research written by Manaswita Bose and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-17 with total page 1639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected papers from the 7th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research (ICAER 2019), providing a comprehensive coverage encompassing all fields and aspects of energy in terms of generation, storage, and distribution. Themes such as optimization of energy systems, energy efficiency, economics, management, and policy, and the interlinkages between energy and environment are included. The contents of this book will be of use to researchers and policy makers alike.
Download or read book International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels written by Institut français du pétrole and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 1986 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Clean Energy written by Anand Ramanathan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Clean Energy: Production and Application supports sustainable clean energy technology and green fuel for clean combustion by reviewing the pros and cons of currently available technologies specifically for biodiesel production from biomass sources, recent fuel modification strategy, low-temperature combustion technology, including other biofuels as well. Written for researchers, graduate students, and professionals in mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, energy, and environmental engineering, this book: Covers global energy scenarios and future energy demands pertaining to clean energy technologies Provides systematic and detailed coverage of the processes and technologies used for biofuel production Includes new technologies and perspectives, giving up-to-date and state-of-the-art information on research and commercialization Discusses all conversion methods including biochemical and thermochemical Examines the environmental consequences of biomass-based biofuel use
Download or read book Proceedings of the 1999 Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Emissions fuels and lubricants and HSDI engines written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Technical Conference and published by Suny Series, Restructuring and. This book was released on 1999 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
