Download or read book Simulation of Dairy Manure Management and Tillage Systems written by Tim Harrigan and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Summaries written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Simulation to Evaluate Dairy Manure Systems written by L.R. Borton and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alternatives for Dairy Manure Management written by C. Edwin Young and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploring the Potential of Manure Management for Increasing Nutrient Circularity of Intensive Dairy Farming Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dairy farming systems have been rapidly intensified over the past several decades in many world regions. One of the primary challenges in these intensive dairy farming systems is managing manure in a way that benefits agricultural production while minimizing environmental impacts. To increase the understanding of losses of manure constituents during manure management, we first zoomed in on gaseous emissions (mainly NH3, CH4 and N2O) from different manure management facilities. By conducting systematic literature reviews, we found large variation in reported nutrient losses across publications, especially for NH3 and CH4 emissions. Manure characteristics and temperature were identified as the main factors influencing these gaseous emissions. Based on the database compiled from systematic literature reviews, we proposed a modular approach and developed a flexible modular manure management (FarmM3) model. With contrasting manure management scenarios, the FarmM3 model allowed to quantify the degradation and losses of different manure constituents (e.g., OM, C, N, P and K) from manure management chains with different complexity, and to identify the most important parameters determining these losses. For highly intensive confinement dairy farms, improving manure management alone may not be enough to reduce nutrient losses due to high nutrient surpluses within farms. Thus, we zoomed out from nutrient losses from manure management chains and further investigated the impacts of various manure management chains and integration of crop and dairy production on nutrient use efficiency and circularity at whole farm level, including different farm components, such as dairy, manure, soil and crop. To simulate this, a whole farm model (FarmDESIGN) extended with a manure management module (FarmM3) was used to an intensive mixed crop-dairy farm in China. We found that manure management chains could be designed effectively to reduce nitrogen volatilization and soil N losses while improving soil OM balance. However, individual manure management technologies were insufficient to reduce N losses due to compensatory losses. Instead, combinations of slurry solid-liquid separation, covered storage of solid and liquid fractions during storage, and improved manure application could remarkably reduce N losses at manure management. Overall, we concluded that, to move towards sustainable intensification of dairy production, increasing nutrient circularity by improving manure management with multiple mitigation measures and integrating crop and dairy production within farm or between farms are essential. Policy support and improved communication of manure treatment technologies can facilitate adoption of improved manure management practices. Additionally, recoupling crop and dairy production beyond the farm scale is necessary for intensive dairy farms with limited land availability, and participatory approaches can help design effective scenarios for crop-livestock integration at the local or regional level.
Download or read book Who Will Pay for On farm Environmental Improvements in the 21st Century written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Animal Manure written by Heidi M. Waldrip and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of meat, milk, and eggs consumed in the United States are produced in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO). With concentrated animal operations, in turn comes concentrated manure accumulation, which can pose a threat of contamination of air, soil, and water if improperly managed. Animal Manure: Production, Characteristics, Environmental Concerns, and Management navigates these important environmental concerns while detailing opportunities for environmentally and economically beneficial utilization.
Download or read book Winter Runoff Processes After Tillage and Manure Application in a Dairy Agroecosystem written by Melanie Nicole Stock and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wintertime manure applications are a longstanding practice and logistical necessity for many animal producers, but the presence of frozen soils and snow elevate the risk of surface nutrient (N and P) transport. The study of winter-applied manure is especially important for Wisconsin as a leading dairy producer because up to 75% of the state's annual runoff can be generated on frozen soil. Previous research investigating nutrient load reductions through management peaked in the 1970s, and was historically confounded by observational study designs that could not account for variability in weather patterns or the hydrology of frozen soil. The research of the 1970s also focused on solid manure and results do not directly relate to more liquid manure forms, which are now common. Moreover, physically-based winter research, and in particular energy balances used to quantify snowmelt and runoff dynamics, has focused on arctic and alpine systems that do not share the transient snow or field operation dynamics of agricultural landscapes. The overall goal of my work was to use a physics-based approach to identify the drivers of runoff during winter, link management practices to changes in surface hydrology, and advance our understanding of frozen, agricultural landscapes. The objectives included: 1) Evaluate management techniques that may reduce nutrient losses on soils receiving winter applications of liquid dairy manure. Specifically, test surface roughness through tillage (fall tillage with a chisel plow and a spring finisher versus no-tillage) and the timing of winter manure applications (unmanured controls versus applications in early and late winter). 2) Improve the feasibility of radiative energy balance measurements by developing a cost-effective and practical field approach that estimates snowpack albedo and allows for repeated measures over time and across management treatments. 3) Develop a water-energy balance that incorporates management practices to partition energy for snowmelt, identify dominant fluxes, and quantify the infiltration of frozen soils. This research was conducted at the University of Wisconsin Arlington Agricultural Research Station. I constructed instrumentation and facilitated a team to install a large-scale field site with 18 statistically replicated plots (each 5 x 15 m), a weather station, and 125 automated sensors and 90 passive instruments. A multiple linear regression model was developed to incorporate digital imagery, site characteristics, and readily-obtained snow properties to estimate snowpack albedo across all management treatments and snow conditions. Over the 2015-16 and 2016-7 winter seasons, tillage with a fall chisel plow significantly reduced runoff and nutrient loads. Fall tillage created surface depressional storage that provided additional time for infiltration on frozen soils by ponding meltwater. The greatest nutrient loads occurred with liquid manure applications on snow underlain by soil frozen at the surface. Liquid manure applications immediately reduced snowpack albedo and the January timing maintained a "legacy effect" on snowpack albedo for three weeks. Because of the high thermal conductivity of liquid manure, gains of net radiation contributed directly toward snow energy storage and ultimately accelerated snowmelt. These findings indicate no-tillage, applying manure when the soil surface is frozen, and late-January applications present significant risk to wintertime nutrient loads and should be avoided.
Download or read book Dairy Manure Management written by Natural Resource, Agriculture, and Engineering Service and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference proceedings includes over 30 papers by university, government, and industry specialists addressing the topic of dairy manure management. The proceedings will help producers and their advisors plan new or upgraded manure systems to meet regulatory and community expectations.
Download or read book Dairy Manure Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of an On farm Model to Predict Flow of Manure to the Liquid and Solid Systems on Commercial Dairy Farms written by Tamar Cohen-Davidyan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methane (CH4) from dairy production systems represents a substantial portion of the greenhouse gases (GHG) released from the livestock sector of agricultural production in California USA. Many factors aside from normal biological mechanisms contribute to the amount of CH4 produced at a dairy facility. These include facility type (e.g., freestall or non-freestall) herd size including the make-up of the herd (i.e., lactating or non-lactating) management practices, fluctuations in ambient temperature and humidity, as well as diet composition. In addition to CH4 emissions, there are other environmental and public health implications of cattle housing and management practices. Where cattle deposit manure can play a crucial role in the flow and storage of manure on a dairy facility as manure handling and storage, in the liquid form, is a large source of CH4 emissions from dairy facilities. The purpose of this research was to develop an on-farm modeling tool to assist dairy farmers and regulators make informed decisions relative to manure management and evaluate mitigation options. Critical evaluation of model outputs led to development of on-farm data collection to obtain information on factors that influence total volatile solids entering the liquid and solid manure systems, but that were farm specific or not available in literature. Based on this approach, it was determined that the key missing variable in the model was a gap in current research relative to time budgets of cattle locations within pens on an annual basis. While all dairy farms vary by herd structure and management, there are overarching similarities among them, such as animal age and stage of lactation, as well as pen type. This study evaluated time on concrete, body condition score, diet composition and environmental conditions over a year on four commercial dairy sites in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California. Two participating dairies were freestall facilities, and the other two were traditional California drylot dairies. Results show that lactating cattle are the animal class which contributes the largest proportion of volatile solids to the liquid manure system, and that, as a class, lactating cows housed in freestalls spent 74% of their time on concrete on an annual basis with 78% of manure volatile solids being diverted into the liquid manure system with the remaining 22% in the solid system. In contrast, lactating cows housed in non-freestall facilities spent 33% of their time on concrete annually with 51% of the manure entering the liquid system and the remaining 49% in the solid system. Remaining classes of cattle contributed minimal amounts to the liquid system due to pen structure and animal behaviors. Results highlight the importance of housing and pen type, as well as animal management, on the eventual fate of manure going into each manure collection system.
Download or read book Systems Analysis and Modeling in Food and Agriculture written by K.C.Ting and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-02-12 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems Analysis and Modeling in Food and Agriculture is a component of Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Systems analysis and modeling is being used increasingly in understanding and solving problems in food and agriculture. The purpose of systems analysis is to support decisions by emphasizing the interactions of processes and components within a system. Frequently investigated systems level questions in agriculture and food are relevant to the 6 E's: Environment, Energy, Ecology, Economics, Education, and Efficiency. The theme on Systems Analysis and Modeling in Food and Agriculture with contributions from distinguished experts in the field provides information on key topics related to food and agricultural system. The coverage include an overview of food system; system level aspects related to energy, environment, and social/policy issues; knowledge bases and decision support; computer models for crops, food processing, water resources, and agricultural meteorology; collection and analysis methods for data from field experiments; use of models and information systems. This volume is aimed at the following a wide spectrum of audiences from the merely curious to those seeking in-depth knowledge: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Download or read book An Interactive Computer Simulation of Dairy Farm Systems as a Method for Making Energy Management Decisions written by Ernest James Hewett and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Dynamics Optimization and Bioeconomics III written by Alberto A. Pinto and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research and review papers presented in this volume provide an overview of the main issues, findings, and open questions in cutting-edge research on the fields of modeling, optimization and dynamics and their applications to biology, economics, energy, finance, industry, physics and psychology. Given the scientific relevance of the innovative applications and emerging issues they address, the contributions to this volume, written by some of the world’s leading experts in mathematics, economics and other applied sciences, will be seminal to future research developments and will spark future works and collaborations. The majority of the papers presented in this volume were written by participants of the 4th International Conference on Dynamics, Games and Science: Decision Models in a Complex Economy (DGS IV), held at the National Distance Education University (UNED) in Madrid, Spain in June 2016 and of the 8th Berkeley Bioeconomy Conference: The Future of Biofuels, held at the UC Berkeley Alumni House in April 2015.
Download or read book Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology written by George W. Ware and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International concern in scientific, industrial, and governmental communities over traces of xenobiotics in foods and in both abiotic and biotic environments has justified the present triumvirate of specialized publications in this field: comprehensive reviews, rapidly published research papers and progress reports, and archival documentations. These three international publications are inte grated and scheduled to provide the coherency essential for nonduplicative and current progress in a field as dynamic and complex as environmental contamina tion and toxicology. This series is reserved exclusively for the diversified litera ture on "toxic" chemicals in our food, our feeds, our homes, recreational and working surroundings, our domestic animals, our wildlife and ourselves. Tre mendous efforts worldwide have been mobilized to evaluate the nature, pres ence, magnitude, fate, and toxicology of the chemicals loosed upon the earth. Among the sequelae of this broad new emphasis is an undeniable need for an articulated set of authoritative publications, where one can find the latest impor tant world literature produced by these emerging areas of science together with documentation of pertinent ancillary legislation. Research directors and legislative or administrative advisers do not have the time to scan the escalating number of technical publications that may contain articles important to current responsibility. Rather, these individuals need the background provided by detailed reviews and the assurance that the latest infor mation is made available to them, all with minimal literature searching.
Download or read book Rio Del Oro Specific Plan Project Sacramento County written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
