Download or read book Simulation and Evaluation of Natural Ventilation in Residential Buildings written by A. Fail and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural ventilation comprises various systems such as infiltration and exfiltration (for example, through cracks, leakages), window ventilation, as well as shaft ventilation. A considerable number of buildings rely exclusively on natural means for ventilation. This underscores the importance of natural ventilation systems for indoor air quality. Nevertheless, few generally accepted design rules and codes are available to assist the designer in the task of dimensioning and control of natural ventilation systems. The successful performance of most natural ventilation systems rely on occupants' behavior. However, the computer-aided simulation of the performance of these systems could support the designer in creating the necessary framework for appropriate behavioral patterns. This could be achieved through properly dimensioned, constructed, and located window and shaft systems while responding to specific geometrical configurations and climatic situation of the building as well as to the health- and comfort-related occupancy requirements. Based on mathematical modeling and long-term empirical studies of residential buildings in Austria, a simulation model was developed to predict the air flow rates and, thus, the air exchange rates between indoor rooms and exterior environment. The comparison of the field measurements with the corresponding simulation results showed an encouraging correlation.

Download or read book Modeling of Indoor Air Quality and Exposure written by Niren Laxmichand Nagda and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1993 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluating the Performance of Natural Ventilation in Buildings Through Simulation and On site Monitoring written by Haofan Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural ventilation in buildings is capable of reducing energy consumption while maintaining a comfortable indoor at the same time. It is important that natural ventilation is taken into consideration in the early design stage, probably through simulation program. However, existing simulation programs are limited because of their model assumption, simulation efficiency and user friendliness. In this document a simulation program, CoolVent, is presented. It implements a multi-node, thermal and energy coupled model to simulate natural ventilation in buildings. The program is validated to be effective and efficient in simulation. Combined with the DOE building database, CoolVent evaluates the performance of different ventilation modes in different types of building and weather conditions. The second half of this thesis includes a detailed on-site monitoring study of a naturally ventilated building in Boston. It details the post-occupancy system characteristics. The monitoring results have also been compared with CoolVent. The simulation results are verified by comparing with the monitored ones. The program is then used to evaluate the potential of improved operation.

Download or read book Living and Learning written by Architectural Science Association. International Conference and published by . This book was released on 2015-12-02 with total page 1218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 49th International Conference of the Architectural Science Association

Download or read book Methodology for the Evaluation of Natural Ventilation in Buildings Using a Reduced scale Air Model written by Christine Elaine Walker and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (cont.) Certain building characteristics, such as atrium stack vents and railings, influenced the resulting simulation predictions and simple analytical model results. Lack of detailed temperature stratification and surface temperature data in the prototype building prohibited the exact comparison of the methodology for more complex design characteristics, such as thermal mass.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Urban Ventilation Assessment and Flow Modelling written by Riccardo Buccolieri and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains twenty-one original papers and one review paper published by internationally recognized experts in the Atmosphere Special Issue "Recent Advances in Urban Ventilation Assessment and Flow Modelling", years 2017–2019. The Special Issue includes contributions on recent experimental and modelling works, techniques, and developments mainly tailored to the assessment of urban ventilation on flow and pollutant dispersion in cities. The study of ventilation is of critical importance, as it addresses the capacity with which a built urban structure is capable of replacing the polluted air with ambient fresh air. Here, ventilation is recognized as a transport process that improves local microclimate and air quality and closely relates to the term “breathability”. The efficiency with which street canyon ventilation occurs depends on the complex interaction between the atmospheric boundary layer flow and the local urban morphology. The individual contributions to this Issue are summarized and categorized into four broad topics: (1) outdoor ventilation efficiency and application/development of ventilation indices, (2) relationship between indoor and outdoor ventilation, (3) effects of urban morphology and obstacles to ventilation, and (4) ventilation modelling in realistic urban districts. The results and approaches presented and proposed will be of great interest to experimentalists and modelers, and may constitute a starting point for the improvement of numerical simulations of flow and pollutant dispersion in the urban environment, for the development of simulation tools, and for the implementation of mitigation strategies.

Download or read book Natural Ventilation in the Urban Environment written by Francis Allard and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the world, there is an increasing interest in ecological design of buildings, and natural ventilation has proved to be the most efficient low-energy cooling technique. Its practical application, however, is hindered by the lack of information on the complex relationship between the building and its urban environment. In this book, a team of experts provide first-hand information and tools on the efficient use of natural ventilation in urban buildings. Key design principles are explained, enabling readers to decide on the best solution for natural ventilation of buildings, taking into account climate and urban context. In the initial sketches, architects need answers to open problems such as 'what kind of solution to adopt' and 'how to modify existing strategies to exploit the potential of the site'. This book formalizes the multi-criteria analysis of candidate solutions based on quantitative and qualitative estimation of the driving forces (wind and buoyancy), as well as of the barriers induced by the urban environment (wind speed reduction, noise and pollution) and gives a methodology for optimal design of openings. The book is accompanied by a FREE CD, containing software for assessing the potential of a given site, estimating wind speed and dimensioning the openings for natural ventilation. The methodologies and tools are tested, self-contained and user friendly. About the editors The editors, Cristian Ghiaus and Francis Allard, are affiliated with the University of La Rochelle, France. The authors and reviewers combine expertise from universities, research institutions and industry in Belgium, France, Great Britain, Greece, Portugal and Switzerland.

Download or read book Infiltration and Natural Ventilation Model for Whole building Energy Simulation of Residential Buildings written by Michael P. Deru and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Building Ventilation written by Mat Santamouris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-06-01 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ensuring optimum ventilation performance is a vital part of building design. Prepared by recognized experts from Europe and the US, and published in association with the International Energy Agency's Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre (AIVC), this authoritative work provides organized, classified and evaluated information on advances in the key areas of building ventilation, relevant to all building types. Complexities in airflow behaviour, climatic influences, occupancy patterns and pollutant emission characteristics make selecting the most appropriate ventilation strategy especially difficult. Recognizing such complexities, the editors bring together expertise on each key issue. From components to computer tools, this book offers detailed coverage on design, analysis and performance, and is an important and comprehensive publication in this field. Building Ventilation will be an invaluable reference for professionals in the building services industry, architects, researchers (including postgraduate students) studying building service engineering and HVAC, and anyone with a role in energy-efficient building design.

Download or read book Guide to Natural Ventilation in High Rise Office Buildings written by Antony Wood and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide sets out recommendations for every phase of the planning, construction and operation of natural ventilation systems in these buildings, including local climatic factors that need to be taken into account, how to plan for seasonal variations in weather, and the risks in adopting different implementation strategies. All of the recommendations are based on analysis of the research findings from richly-illustrated international case studies. This is the first technical guide from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat's Tall Buildings & Sustainability Working Group looking in depth at a key element in the creation of tall buildings with a much-reduced environmental impact, while taking the industry closer to an appreciation of what constitutes a sustainable tall building, and what factors affect the sustainability threshold for tall.

Download or read book Designing Spaces for Natural Ventilation written by Ulrike Passe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Buildings can breathe naturally, without the use of mechanical systems, if you design the spaces properly. This accessible and thorough guide shows you how in more than 260 color diagrams and photographs illustrating case studies and CFD simulations. You can achieve truly natural ventilation, by considering the building's structure, envelope, energy use, and form, as well as giving the occupants thermal comfort and healthy indoor air. By using scientific and architectural visualization tools included here, you can develop ventilation strategies without an engineering background. Handy sections that summarize the science, explain rules of thumb, and detail the latest research in thermal and fluid dynamics will keep your designs sustainable, energy efficient, and up-to-date.

Download or read book A Guide to Natural Ventilation Design written by C. Don Manuel and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an attempt to combine all the books, literatures, researches and universities masters theses available for a shortcut fundamental knowledge to design basic passive or natural ventilation in residential homes. As in-depth studies in passive design will take years of immense work due to so many variables involved, we tried to gather just enough information to provide you the basic working knowledge to start designing your simple naturally ventilated project. We also included our NV study of a high-rise building that was successfully built.

Download or read book Air Distribution in Rooms written by H.B. Awbi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The air distribution in occupied spaces is a major issue of public concern. It is widely recognized that the quality of air and the nature of airflow can affect the health of occupants and the energy consumed in buildings and transport vehicles. ROOMVENT is the principal international conference in the field of air distribution. It was first initiated in 1987 by SCANVAC, the Scandinavian Federation of Heating, Ventilating and Sanitary Engineering Associations in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. The aim of the Conference is to bring together researchers from universities and research institutes, engineers from industry and government officials and policy makers, with the goal of experiencing the latest techniques for measuring and analyzing indoor air flow, the visualization of indoor air flow patterns, the evaluation of ventilation parameters and the most recent developments in computer simulation techniques of room airflow. It is hoped that the theme of ROOMVENT 2000 "Ventilation for Health and Sustainable Environment" will set the scene for room air distribution research and development for the new millennium.

Download or read book Airflow Prediction in Buildings for Natural Ventilation Design written by Panagiota Karava and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural/hybrid ventilation systems with motorized operable windows, designed and controlled to utilize the potential for cross-ventilation, represent an area of significant interest in sustainable building design as they can substantially reduce energy consumption for cooling and ventilation. Presently, there is a need for accurate prediction models that can contribute to the improvement of indoor environmental quality and energy performance of buildings, and the increased use of low energy, naturally driven cooling systems. In this regard, the present research aims to enhance airflow prediction accuracy for natural ventilation design of buildings considering advanced experimental and simulation methods. The study considers a Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel (BLWT) approach to investigate the wind-induced driving forces and ventilation flow rates in various building models subject to cross-ventilation. The Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique was used for the first time to evaluate accurately the air velocity field for various cross-ventilation configurations. Detailed measurements were performed to determine mean and fluctuating internal pressures since they affect airflow prediction, occupants' thermal comfort, as well as cladding and structural wind load design of buildings with operable windows. PIV data for the inflow velocity were compared with those by using conventional techniques (e.g., hot-film anemometry) and results show differences, between the two methods, up to a factor of 2.7. This clearly indicates that accuracy can be enhanced with carefully conducted PIV experiments. The study provides guidelines for implementation of cross-ventilation in design practice. These guidelines were developed on the basis of parametric experimental investigations, which quantify the impact of relative inlet-to-outlet size and location on ventilation airflow rates and thermal comfort of building occupants. The study develops a novel simulation methodology combined with a sensitivity analysis focused on modelling issues, such as the impact of zoning assumptions, to predict the envelope pressures and related air-exchange rates in buildings due to wind, stack, and mechanical system effects. An integrated simulation tool (ESP-r) was used to model the airflow/energy interactions in an existing high-rise residential building, and simulation results agree well with monitoring data.

Download or read book NATURAL VENTILATION OF HIGH RI written by Hao Qin and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Natural Ventilation of High-rise High-density Residential Buildings of Hong Kong" by Hao, Qin, 秦浩, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Natural ventilation in both urban and interior space has great influence on air quality, thermal comfort and energy consumption. Hong Kong is facing serious ventilation challenges at both urban and indoor levels. With limited land area and a growing population, urban regeneration in the old urban area has been and will be an important way forward for Hong Kong in the future. Urban fabric initially planned for medium-rise buildings will gradually be replaced by high-rise high-density buildings. Both urban ventilation and indoor natural ventilation performance will be affected due to this morphological change and therefore need to be investigated. After careful validation, CFD simulation using the k-ω model (SST) was performed to study the urban and interior spaces regarding natural ventilation performance on various residential building clusters and unit types. A general survey of historical housing development from the pre-colonial period in Hong Kong as well as a comprehensive survey of residential buildings in the recent 10 years was carried out. A systematic architectural analysis of the urban context and building types in Hong Kong considering factors such as street grid, site type, site area, building typology, building height, plan shape, unit type, unit area, opening configuration, floor area ratio, units per floor and viewing direction were all analyzed to generate realistic cases for ventilation study in the CFD simulation. First, five different street block division strategies with several variations in tower type and podium geometry were created based on the systematical architectural analysis. The urban ventilation performance of each urban scenario was quantified using CFD simulation with SSW, SW, WSW and W incoming wind by indices such as age of air and velocity ratio. The result indicates that street-level ventilation can be improved by increasing the podium permeability or adopting a step-shaped section or aligning the towers to the leeward side of the podium. Street block division strategies with areas smaller than 500 sq.m. such as S1 in the case study should be avoided due to its poor urban ventilation performance. Division strategies with larger site areas such as S5u2 had the best urban ventilation performance, while it also had the highest pollutant concentration at the facade of the tower which indicates potential indoor natural ventilation problems. Then, indoor natural ventilation of five groups of unit types (36 variations) and inter-unit pollutant transmission between the units were tested using CFD simulation. Unit "a4" had the best ventilation performance among type "a" units and "b3-c" had the most balanced performance in both indoor and urban ventilation among type "b" units. Better ventilation performance in type "c" units than types "a1" and "a2" indicates that arranging openings on both sides of the facade is more effective than the provision of a deep re-entrant. Unit "d2" was the best ventilated unit among unit group "d" and indicates that openings in different rooms should not be aligned. Single-side ventilation of small unit types was found to be better when the units were placed in a smaller plan than in a larger plan. Larger re-entrant width, open kitchen plan and suitable arrangement of openings, casement and side wall were all proved to have positive influences on indoor natural ventilation. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5689243

Download or read book Numerical Prediction of Flow Heat Transfer Turbulence and Combustion written by D. Brian Spalding and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical Prediction of Flow, Heat Transfer, Turbulence and Combustion: Selected Works of Professor D. Brian Spalding focuses on the many contributions of Professor Spalding on thermodynamics. This compilation of his works is done to honor the professor on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Relatively, the works contained in this book are selected to highlight the genius of Professor Spalding in this field of interest. The book presents various research on combustion, heat transfer, turbulence, and flows. His thinking on separated flows paved the way for the multi-dimensional modeling of turbulence. Arguments on the universality of the models of turbulence and the problems that are associated with combustion engineering are clarified. The text notes the importance of combustion science as well as the problems associated with it. Mathematical computations are also presented in determining turbulent flows in different environments, including on curved pipes, curved ducts, and rotating ducts. These calculations are presented to further strengthen the claims of Professor Spalding in this discipline. The book is a great find for those who are interested in studying thermodynamics.

Download or read book Ventilation of Buildings written by H.B. Awbi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hazim Awbi's Ventilation of Buildings has become established as the definitive text on the subject. This new, thoroughly revised, edition builds on the basic principles of the original text drawing in the results of considerable new research in the field. A new chapter on natural ventilation is also added and recent developments in ventilation concepts and room air distribution are also considered. The text is intended for the practitioner in the building services industry, the architect, the postgraduate student undertaking courses or research in HVAC, building services engineering, or building environmental engineering, and the undergraduate studying building services as a major subject. Readers are assumed to be familiar with the basic principles of fluid flow and heat transfer and some of the material requires more advanced knowledge of partial differential equations which describe the turbulent flow and heat transfer processes of fluids. The book is both a presentation of the practical issues that are needed for modern ventilation system design and a survey of recent developments in the subject