Download or read book Behavioral Evolution and Integrative Levels written by G. Greenberg and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-05-22 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1984. In this collection of essays, Schneirla is identified as a scientist and citizen unafraid to hold and present unpopular ideas. Schneirla had always been opposed to the hereditarian views that allowed for the politicalization of psychology and spoke out early against the idea of the genetic basis of behavior. It is fitting that his ideas, which still form the nexus of the major theoretical criticism of classical ethology, now can be seen to stand in opposition to the hereditarian views of socio-biology.

Download or read book Motivation written by Evelyn Satinoff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivation addresses a central problem in psychology: Why does an animal's behavior fluctuate in the face of an unaltered environment? In a sense this is the opposite of the question from which work on motivation began, and for which Claude Bernard invented the concept of the fixity of the internal milieu: How does an animal maintain constancy in the face of a fluctuating environment? Dealing with motivation has become extremely complex as new experiments, phenomena, and theories have extended the concept. This book embodies some of the ways in which work on motivation is currently proceeding. One of the major changes has been the recognition that motivation cannot be explained without an understanding of the biological rhythms and activational systems that underlie behavior. Another is that ecological and evolutionary perspectives add enormously to answering the central problem of why an animal does what it does when it does. The book suffers from several omissions. There is no chapter on the devel opment of motivated behavior. There is none on reward systems in the brain, owing to the untimely death of James Olds, whose contribution would have enriched this book appreciably, and to whom we dedicate it. EVELYN SATINOFF PHILIP TEITELBAUM Vll Contents PART I UNDERLYING ACTIVATIONAL SYSTEMS CHAPTER 1 Motivation, Biological Clocks, and Temporal Organization of Behavior 3 Irving Zucker Reactivity to External Stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Reactivity to Interoceptive Stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Sources of Biological Rhythmicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Rhythm Generation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 . . . . . . . . . . Rhythm Synchronization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . Consequences of Rhythm Desynchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . .

Download or read book Behavioral Development written by Klaus Immelmann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1981-11-30 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Growing Points Ethology written by P. P. G. Bateson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1976-10-07 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1976, this volume is a collection of essays by some of the most prominent and active ethologists. It is organized into four sections: motivation and perception, function and evolution, development, and human social relationships. The first three sections reflect the four questions which are basic to ethology: what were the immediate causes of a behaviour pattern; what is its biological function; how did it evolve; and how did it develop in the individual? The last section involves questions of all four types. The sections are introduced and linked by editorials and the book concludes with an important statement on asking the right questions. The essays are forward looking and identify areas of importance for the study of behaviour. The volume is a source of formative ideas for students, their teachers and research workers in a wide variety of disciplines in the biological psychological and social sciences.

Download or read book Neural Networks and Animal Behavior written by Magnus Enquist and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we make better sense of animal behavior by using what we know about the brain? This is the first book that attempts to answer this important question by applying neural network theory. Scientists create Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to make models of the brain. These networks mimic the architecture of a nervous system by connecting elementary neuron-like units into networks in which they stimulate or inhibit each other's activity in much the same way neurons do. This book shows how scientists can employ ANNs to analyze animal behavior, explore the general principles of the nervous systems, and test potential generalizations among species. The authors focus on simple neural networks to show how ANNs can be investigated by math and by computers. They demonstrate intuitive concepts that make the operation of neural networks more accessible to nonspecialists. The first chapter introduces various approaches to animal behavior and provides an informal introduction to neural networks, their history, and their potential advantages. The second chapter reviews artificial neural networks, including biological foundations, techniques, and applications. The following three chapters apply neural networks to such topics as learning and development, classical instrumental condition, and the role of genes in building brain networks. The book concludes by comparing neural networks to other approaches. It will appeal to students of animal behavior in many disciplines. It will also interest neurobiologists, cognitive scientists, and those from other fields who wish to learn more about animal behavior.

Download or read book Quantitative Methods in The Study of Animal behavior written by Brian Hazlett and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative Methods in the Study of Animal Behavior covers a symposium on quantitative methods in behavior. In this book, mathematics is used in two ways – statistical approaches (techniques that describe the main patterns and variability of behavior patterns) and model building. Composed of six chapters, the book opens with a discussion on the three areas of classical ethology – social dominance, behavioral taxonomy, and behavioral variability. The following chapter focuses on the information theory as an ethological tool. In Chapter 3, application of multivariate analyses to diverse ethological data is discussed. The next part of the book discusses more in detail the animal behavioral patterns, relationships, and sequences. The book is a good reference for various fields such as biological science, marine science, and zoology. Students, teachers, scientists, and researchers interested in the aspects of statistics and patterns in animal behavior can make use of this book as a valuable resource.

Download or read book The Development and Integration of Behaviour written by Paul Patrick Gordon Bateson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-05-30 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What regularities lie behind the development and organization of behaviour in animals and humans? One theme emerging from this book is that ideas have to flow in both directions between the different levels of analysis - between the neural and behavioural levels and between the individual and the social group. Another theme is that it is not enough to identify the many factors operating in the development and integration of behaviour. The processes must also be studied directly. Bringing together work at different levels and studying behavioural dynamics require more knowledge and expertise than any one person can usually command. Links have to be made between different disciplines and specialists have to learn to work with others who speak with what at first seem to be mutually incomprehensible scientific languages. The book illustrates how this may be achieved. The themes of this book are strongly related to the approach of Robert Hinde, in whose honour the chapters were written.

Download or read book Neural and Brain Modeling written by Ronald MacGregor and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural and Brain Modeling reviews models used to study neural interactions. The book also discusses 54 computer programs that simulate the dynamics of neurons and neuronal networks to illustrate between unit and systemic levels of nervous system functions. The models of neural and brain operations are composed of three sections: models of generic mechanisms; models of specific neuronal systems; and models of generic operations, networks, and systems. The text discusses the computational problems related to galvanizing a neuronal population though an activity in the multifiber input system. The investigator can use a computer technique to simulate multiple interacting neuronal populations. For example, he can investigate the case of a single local region that contains two populations of neurons: namely, a parent population of excitatory cells, and a second set of inhibitory neurons. Computer simulation models predict the various dynamic activity occurring in the complicated structure and physiology of neuronal systems. Computer models can be used in "top-down" brain/mind research where the systemic, global, and emergent properties of nervous systems are generated. The book is recommended for behavioral scientists, psychiatrists, psychologists, computer programmers, students, and professors in human behavior.

Download or read book Relationships Between Perception and Action written by Odmar Neumann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the fruit of a study group on perception and action that worked at the Center for Interdisciplinary Research (ZiP) of the University of Bielefeld, FRG in the academic year 1984-1985. We express our gratitude to the ZiF for hosting the group and for providing fmancial and organizational support for its scientific activities, including a meeting of the authors of the present volume that took place at the ZiF in July 1986. This is/ the study group's last common product, and it took considerable time to give the book its fmal shape. Most of the editing was done while one of us (0. N.) was a Fellow at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences (NlAS) during the academic year 1987-1988. Thanks are due to NIAS for its generous support. We also thank all our friends and colleagues who contributed to the book.

Download or read book On Seeing Forms written by William R. Uttal and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-06-27 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1988, this is the final volume in the set. The original intent of the tetralogy was to review neural explanations of high level perceptual and cognitive processes. However, at this point, it became clear that there were few neural explanations of perceptual topics – a situation that still persists today. This book, therefore, used a different framework examining the role of detection, discrimination, and recognition at the behavioral level.

Download or read book Goal directed Behavior written by Henk Aarts and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2012. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Download or read book Simpler Networks and Behavior written by John C. Fentress and published by Sunderland, Mass. : Sinauer Associates. This book was released on 1976 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vision Science written by Stephen E. Palmer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999-04-14 with total page 833 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book revolutionizes how vision can be taught to undergraduate and graduate students in cognitive science, psychology, and optometry. It is the first comprehensive textbook on vision to reflect the integrated computational approach of modern research scientists. This new interdisciplinary approach, called "vision science," integrates psychological, computational, and neuroscientific perspectives. The book covers all major topics related to vision, from early neural processing of image structure in the retina to high-level visual attention, memory, imagery, and awareness. The presentation throughout is theoretically sophisticated yet requires minimal knowledge of mathematics. There is also an extensive glossary, as well as appendices on psychophysical methods, connectionist modeling, and color technology. The book will serve not only as a comprehensive textbook on vision, but also as a valuable reference for researchers in cognitive science, psychology, neuroscience, computer science, optometry, and philosophy.

Download or read book Nonlinear Analysis in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research written by Tobias A. Mattei and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-10-31 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although nonlinear dynamics have been mastered by physicists and mathematicians for a long time (as most physical systems are inherently nonlinear in nature), the recent successful application of nonlinear methods to modeling and predicting several evolutionary, ecological, physiological, and biochemical processes has generated great interest and enthusiasm among researchers in computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology. Additionally, in the last years it has been demonstrated that nonlinear analysis can be successfully used to model not only basic cellular and molecular data but also complex cognitive processes and behavioral interactions. The theoretical features of nonlinear systems (such unstable periodic orbits, period-doubling bifurcations and phase space dynamics) have already been successfully applied by several research groups to analyze the behavior of a variety of neuronal and cognitive processes. Additionally the concept of strange attractors has lead to a new understanding of information processing which considers higher cognitive functions (such as language, attention, memory and decision making) as complex systems emerging from the dynamic interaction between parallel streams of information flowing between highly interconnected neuronal clusters organized in a widely distributed circuit and modulated by key central nodes. Furthermore, the paradigm of self-organization derived from the nonlinear dynamics theory has offered an interesting account of the phenomenon of emergence of new complex cognitive structures from random and non-deterministic patterns, similarly to what has been previously observed in nonlinear studies of fluid dynamics. Finally, the challenges of coupling massive amount of data related to brain function generated from new research fields in experimental neuroscience (such as magnetoencephalography, optogenetics and single-cell intra-operative recordings of neuronal activity) have generated the necessity of new research strategies which incorporate complex pattern analysis as an important feature of their algorithms. Up to now nonlinear dynamics has already been successfully employed to model both basic single and multiple neurons activity (such as single-cell firing patterns, neural networks synchronization, autonomic activity, electroencephalographic measurements, and noise modulation in the cerebellum), as well as higher cognitive functions and complex psychiatric disorders. Similarly, previous experimental studies have suggested that several cognitive functions can be successfully modeled with basis on the transient activity of large-scale brain networks in the presence of noise. Such studies have demonstrated that it is possible to represent typical decision-making paradigms of neuroeconomics by dynamic models governed by ordinary differential equations with a finite number of possibilities at the decision points and basic heuristic rules which incorporate variable degrees of uncertainty. This e-book has include frontline research in computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology involving applications of nonlinear analysis, especially regarding the representation and modeling of complex neural and cognitive systems. Several experts teams around the world have provided frontline theoretical and experimental contributions (as well as reviews, perspectives and commentaries) in the fields of nonlinear modeling of cognitive systems, chaotic dynamics in computational neuroscience, fractal analysis of biological brain data, nonlinear dynamics in neural networks research, nonlinear and fuzzy logics in complex neural systems, nonlinear analysis of psychiatric disorders and dynamic modeling of sensorimotor coordination. Rather than a comprehensive compilation of the possible topics in neuroscience and cognitive research to which non-linear may be used, this e-book intends to provide some illustrative examples of the broad range of

Download or read book Complex Dynamics in Communication Networks written by Ljupco Kocarev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-06-13 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer and communication networks are among society's most important infrastructures. The internet, in particular, is a giant global network of networks without central control or administration. It is a paradigm of a complex system, where complexity may arise from different sources: topological structure, network evolution, connection and node diversity, or dynamical evolution. The present volume is the first book entirely devoted to the new and emerging field of nonlinear dynamics of TCP/IP networks. It addresses both scientists and engineers working in the general field of communication networks.

Download or read book Biology of Animal Behavior written by James W. Grier and published by Times Mirror Magazine. This book was released on 1984 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Engineering Of Chemical Complexity Ii written by Alexander S Mikhailov and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-10-14 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second review volume is a follow-up to the book “Engineering of Chemical Complexity” that appeared in 2013. Co-edited by the Nobel laureate Gerhard Ertl, this book provides a broad perspective over the current research aimed at understanding, the design and control of complex chemical systems of various origins, on the scales ranging from single molecules and nano-phenomena to macroscopic chemical reactors. Self-organization behavior and emergence of coherent collective dynamics in reaction-diffusion systems, in active soft matter and biochemical networks are discussed. Special attention is paid to applications in cell biology, to molecular motors and microfluidics effects. The reviews, prepared by leading international experts from the EU, USA, Russia and Japan, together yield a fascinating picture of a rapidly developing research discipline that brings chemical engineering to new frontiers.