Download or read book Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells The Key Role of Heterointerfaces and Their Impact on the Performance written by Miroslav Mikolášek and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter is dedicated to the processes linked with the collection of photo-generated carriers in silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells with a focus on the key role of the amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon heterojunction. The intention is to explain the role of carrier inversion at the heterointerface and connect it with the properties of the SHJ to obtain deeper understanding of carrier transport properties and collection, which goes beyond amorphous silicon-based structures and will contribute to understanding the new emerging SHJ based on amorphous silicon oxide and metal oxide emitter layers. The study is extended by a simulation of the TCO/emitter interface with the aim to reveal the effect of parasitic Schottky barrier height on the performance of the SHJ solar cell. In addition, the simulation study of SHJ under concentrated light and varied temperatures is outlined to show the main limitations and prospects of SHJ structures for utilization under concentrated light.
Download or read book Nanostructured Solar Cells written by Narottam Das and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-02-22 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructured solar cells are very important in renewable energy sector as well as in environmental aspects, because it is environment friendly. The nano-grating structures (such as triangular or conical shaped) have a gradual change in refractive index which acts as a multilayer antireflective coating that is leading to reduced light reflection losses over broadband ranges of wavelength and angle of incidence. There are different types of losses in solar cells that always reduce the conversion efficiency, but the light reflection loss is the most important factor that decreases the conversion efficiency of solar cells significantly. The antireflective coating is an optical coating which is applied to the surface of lenses or any optical devices to reduce the light reflection losses. This coating assists for the light trapping capturing capacity or improves the efficiency of optical devices, such as lenses or solar cells. Hence, the multilayer antireflective coatings can reduce the light reflection losses and increases the conversion efficiency of nanostructured solar cells.
Download or read book Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by W.R. Fahrner and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2006-08-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world of today must face up to two contradictory energy problems: on the one hand, there is the sharply growing consumer demand in countries such as China and India. On the other hand, natural resources are dwindling. Moreover, many of those countries which still possess substantial gas and oil supplies are politically unstable. As a result, renewable natural energy sources have received great attention. Among these, solar-cell technology is one of the most promising candidates. However, there still remains the problem of the manufacturing costs of such cells. Many attempts have been made to reduce the production costs of conventional solar cells (manufactured from monocrystalline silicon using diffusion methods) by instead using cheaper grades of silicon, and simpler pn-junction fabrication. That is the hero of this book; the heterojunction solar cell.
Download or read book Physics and Technology of Amorphous Crystalline Heterostructure Silicon Solar Cells written by Wilfried G. J. H. M. van Sark and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-16 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today’s solar cell multi-GW market is dominated by crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafer technology, however new cell concepts are entering the market. One very promising solar cell design to answer these needs is the silicon hetero-junction solar cell, of which the emitter and back surface field are basically produced by a low temperature growth of ultra-thin layers of amorphous silicon. In this design, amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) constitutes both „emitter“ and „base-contact/back surface field“ on both sides of a thin crystalline silicon wafer-base (c-Si) where the electrons and holes are photogenerated; at the same time, a-Si:H passivates the c-Si surface. Recently, cell efficiencies above 23% have been demonstrated for such solar cells. In this book, the editors present an overview of the state-of-the-art in physics and technology of amorphous-crystalline heterostructure silicon solar cells. The heterojunction concept is introduced, processes and resulting properties of the materials used in the cell and their heterointerfaces are discussed and characterization techniques and simulation tools are presented.
Download or read book Multiscale Modeling of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by Pradyumna Muralidharan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon photonic technology continues to dominate the solar industry driven by steady improvement in device and module efficiencies. Currently, the world record conversion efficiency (~26.6%) for single junction silicon solar cell technologies is held by silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and crystalline silicon (c-Si). These solar cells utilize the concept of carrier selective contacts to improve device efficiencies. A carrier selective contact is designed to optimize the collection of majority carriers while blocking the collection of minority carriers. In the case of SHJ cells, a thin intrinsic a-Si:H layer provides crucial passivation between doped a-Si:H and the c-Si absorber that is required to create a high efficiency cell. There has been much debate regarding the role of the intrinsic a-Si:H passivation layer on the transport of photogenerated carriers, and its role in optimizing device performance. In this work, a multiscale model is presented which utilizes different simulation methodologies to study interfacial transport across the intrinsic a-Si:H/c-Si heterointerface and through the a-Si:H passivation layer. In particular, an ensemble Monte Carlo simulator was developed to study high field behavior of photogenerated carriers at the intrinsic a-Si:H/c-Si heterointerface, a kinetic Monte Carlo program was used to study transport of photogenerated carriers across the intrinsic a-Si:H passivation layer, and a drift-diffusion model was developed to model the behavior in the quasi-neutral regions of the solar cell. This work reports de-coupled and self-consistent simulations to fully understand the role and effect of transport across the a-Si:H passivation layer in silicon heterojunction solar cells, and relates this to overall solar cell device performance.
Download or read book Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaic devices deployed in the field can reach operation temperatures (T) as high as 90 °C [1]. Hence, their temperature coefficients (TC1) are of great practical importance as they determine their energy yield. In this study we concentrate on T-related lifetime variations of amorphous/crystalline interfaces and study their influence on the TCs of the individual solar cell parameters. We find that both the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) are influenced by these lifetime variations. However, this is only a minor effect compared to the dominant increase of the intrinsic carrier density and the related increase in dark saturation current density. Additionally, in this paper we will show that the TCVoc does not depend solely on the initial value of the Voc [2, 3], but that the structure of the device has to be considered as well.
Download or read book Amorphous Silicon Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by Wolfgang Rainer Fahrner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-23 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amorphous Silicon/Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells deals with some typical properties of heterojunction solar cells, such as their history, the properties and the challenges of the cells, some important measurement tools, some simulation programs and a brief survey of the state of the art, aiming to provide an initial framework in this field and serve as a ready reference for all those interested in the subject. This book helps to “fill in the blanks” on heterojunction solar cells. Readers will receive a comprehensive overview of the principles, structures, processing techniques and the current developmental states of the devices. Prof. Dr. Wolfgang R. Fahrner is a professor at the University of Hagen, Germany and Nanchang University, China.
Download or read book Toward Better Understanding and Improved Performance of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The double-sided silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cell is more appropriate for n-type crystal silicon (c-Si) wafers than for p-type c-Si wafers because there is a larger band offset to the valence band edge of hydrogenated amorphous silicon than to the conduction band edge. Thin intrinsic and doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a Si:H) double layers by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) are investigated as passivation layers, emitters, and back-surface-field (BSF) contacts to both p- and n-type wafers. Passivation quality is studied by characterizing the SHJ solar cells and by photoconductive decay (PCD) minority-carrier lifetime measurements. The crystal-amorphous heterointerface is studied with real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) to detect phase change and material evolution, with a focus on better understanding the factors determining passivation effectiveness. A common feature in effective passivation, emitter, and BSF layers is immediate a-Si:H deposition and an abrupt and flat interface to the c-Si substrate. In this case, good wafer passivation or an excellent heterojunction is obtained, with a low interface recombination velocity (S) or a high open-circuit voltage (Voc). Voc greater than 640 mV, S less than 15 cm/sec, and efficiency of 14.8% have been achieved on polished p type Czochralski-grown (CZ) Si wafers. Collaboration between NREL and Georgia Tech resulted in a 15.7%-efficient HWCVD-deposited SHJ cell on non-textured FZ-Si with a screen-printed Al back surface field (BSF), the highest reported HWCVD SHJ cell. Collaboration between NREL and SunPower demonstrated that HWCVD a-Si:H passivation can be better than the conventional oxides, with a low surface recombination velocity of 42 cm/sec on textured n-type FZ-Si.
Download or read book Physics and Technology of Amorphous Crystalline Heterostructure Silicon Solar Cells written by Wilfried G. J. H. M. van Sark and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today’s solar cell multi-GW market is dominated by crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafer technology, however new cell concepts are entering the market. One very promising solar cell design to answer these needs is the silicon hetero-junction solar cell, of which the emitter and back surface field are basically produced by a low temperature growth of ultra-thin layers of amorphous silicon. In this design, amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) constitutes both „emitter“ and „base-contact/back surface field“ on both sides of a thin crystalline silicon wafer-base (c-Si) where the electrons and holes are photogenerated; at the same time, a-Si:H passivates the c-Si surface. Recently, cell efficiencies above 23% have been demonstrated for such solar cells. In this book, the editors present an overview of the state-of-the-art in physics and technology of amorphous-crystalline heterostructure silicon solar cells. The heterojunction concept is introduced, processes and resulting properties of the materials used in the cell and their heterointerfaces are discussed and characterization techniques and simulation tools are presented.
Download or read book Energy Harvesting and Storage written by M. K. Jayaraj and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-11 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers recent technologies developed for energy harvesting as well as energy storage applications. The book includes the fabrication of optoelectronic devices such as high-efficiency c-Si solar cells, carrier selective c-Si solar cells, quantum dot, and dye-sensitized solar cells, perovskite solar cells, Li-ion batteries, and supercapacitors. Aiming at beginners in the respective areas, the basic principles and mechanism of the optoelectronic phenomena behind every application are detailed in the book. The book offers schematics, tables, graphical representations, and illustrations to enable better understanding. Among the nine chapters, the first four chapters are dedicated to various types of high-efficiency solar cells and the remaining chapters discuss the methods for energy storage such as the fabrication of batteries and supercapacitors. The book is a useful reference for active researchers and academicians working in energy harvesting and energy storage areas.
Download or read book Window Layers for Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nano Structured Photovoltaics written by Vinod Kumar Khanna and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-20 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a comprehensive overview of a rapidly burgeoning field blending solar cell technology with nanotechnology, the book covers topics such as solar cell basics, nanotechnology fundamentals, nanocrystalline silicon-based solar cells, nanotextured-surface solar cells, plasmon-enhanced solar cells, optically-improved nanoengineered solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, 2D perovskite and 2D/3D multidimensional perovskite solar cells, carbonaceous nanomaterial-based solar cells, quantum well solar cells, nanowire solar cells and quantum dot solar cells. The book provides an in-depth and lucid presentation of the subject matter in an elegant, easy-to-understand writing style, starting from basic knowledge through principles of operation and fabrication of devices to advanced research levels encompassing the recent breakthroughs and cutting-edge innovations. It will be useful for graduate and PhD students, scientists, and engineers. Key features: * Builds an integrated perspective of photovoltaics by highlighting the essential role of nanotechnology in each type of solar cell. * Performs simplified mathematical analysis of operational mechanisms of nanostructured solar cells supplemented with solved examples. * Enhances learning with clear explanations of technological advances and illustrative diagrams without sacrificing scientific rigor.
Download or read book Heterojunction Solar Cells a Si c Si written by Thomas Mueller and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2009 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main focus of the present work is related to the optimization of heterojunction solar cells. The key roles in obtaining high efficient heterojunction solar cells are mainly the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of very low defect layers, and the sufficient surface passivation of all interfaces. In heterojunction solar cells, the a-Si: H/c-Si hetero-interface is of significant importance, since the hetero-interface characteristics directly affect the junction properties and thus solar cell efficiency. In this work, the deposition and film properties of various hydrogenated amorphous silicon alloys, such as a-SiC: H, a-SiO_x: H, and muc-Si: H (standard a-Si: H is used as reference), are employed. Special attention is paid to (i) the front and back surface passivation of the bulk material by high-quality wide-gap amorphous silicon suboxides (a-SiO_x: H), and (ii) the influence of wide-gap high-quality a-Si- and muc-Si-based alloys for use as emitter and back-surface-
Download or read book Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells Analysis and Basic Understanding written by Martin Bivour and published by . This book was released on 2017-03-29 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Renewable Energy Engineering written by Mahendra S. Seveda and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-11-15 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book on Renewable Energy Engineering consolidates the most recent research on current technologies, concepts and commercial developments in the field. It provides an overview of renewable energy engineering practices and technologies and details important concepts like designing of solar photovoltaic system, solar thermal systems, solar water pumping system, solar greenhouse, fuel cell technology, hydro power, wind energy technology, bioenergy, geothermal energy, etc. The subject matter is designed keeping in view the course curricula prescribed by central and state universities in India and abroad, and this book is aimed at students, researchers, academicians, scientists, teachers, policy makers, entrepreneurs, extension workers professionals and experts. Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan or Bhutan)
Download or read book Modeling of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here we present modeling results on crystalline Si/amorphous Si (a-Si) heterojunction solar cells using Sentaurus including various models for defect states in the a-Si barriers, as well as explicit models for the ITO emitter contact. We investigate the impact of the band offsets and barrier heights of the a-Si/c-Si interface, particularly in terms of the open circuit voltage. It is also shown that the solar cell performance is sensitively dependent on the quality of the a-Si in terms of defect states and their distribution, particularly on the emitter side. Finally, we have investigate the role of tunneling and thermionic emission across the heterointerface in terms of transport from the Si to the ITO contact layer.
Download or read book High Efficiency Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells written by Eun-Chel Cho and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is composed of 6 papers. The first paper reports a novel technique for the selective emitter formation by controlling the surface morphology of Si wafers. Selective emitter (SE) technology has attracted renewed attention in the Si solar cell industry to achieve an improved conversion efficiency of passivated-emitter rear-contact (PERC) cells. In the second paper, the temperature dependence of the parameters was compared through the PERC of the industrial-scale solar cells. As a result of their analysis, PERC cells showed different temperature dependence for the fill factor loss as temperatures rose. The third paper reports the effects of carrier selective front contact layer and defect state of hydrogenated amorphous silicon passivation layer/n-type crystalline silicon interface. The results demonstrated the effects of band offset determined by band bending at the interface of the passivation layer and carrier selective front contact layer. In addition, the nc-SiOx: H CSFC layer not only reduces parasitic absorption loss but also has a tunneling effect and field-effect passivation. The fourth paper reports excimer laser annealing of hydrogenated amorphous silicon film for TOPCon solar cell application. This paper analyzes the crystallization of a-Si:H via excimer laser annealing (ELA) and compared this process with conventional thermal annealing. The fifth paper reports the contact mechanism between Ag–Al and Si and the change in contact resistance (Rc) by varying the firing profile. Rc was measured by varying the belt speed and peak temperature of the fast-firing furnace. The sixth paper reports a silicon tandem heterojunction solar cell based on a ZnO/Cu2O subcell and a c-Si bottom subcell using electro-optical numerical modeling. The buffer layer affinity and mobility together with a low conduction band offset for the heterojunction are discussed, as well as spectral properties of the device model.
