Download or read book Silanes for Corrosion Control of Metals written by William J. van Ooij and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-04-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silanes for corrosion of metals covers the emerging applications of silanes for use in the corrosion protection of metals. The role of silane coupling agents is less than ten years old and is attracting attention from researchers in industry and academia alike. There is no comprehensive book on this topic on the market. Silanes for corrosion of metals covers the chemistry of silanes – in solution and at metal surfaces – as well as mechanisms of corrosion protection and paint adhesion by silanes. Modification of silane films for improved protection capabilities, e.g., by the addition of corrosion inibitors, nanoparticles, or organic resins, is also covered. Special attention is paid to the use of silanes in primers for corrosion protection, either through modification of existing primers or in the development of the so-called water-based “superprimers”. The potential of electrodeposition of silanes or silane-containing primers is also explored. Silanes for corrosion of metals is not only to be recommended to scientists and engineers in industry, but also to researchers and students in academia and all those who have an interest reading a refresher book on silane chemistry and corrosion control of metals by a new, environmentally compliant technology.
Download or read book Corrosion Protection of Metals by Silane Surface Treatment written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for toxic chromate replacements in metal-finishing industries has prompted an intensive search for replacement technologies in recent years. Among the replacements that have been proposed, those that are based upon the use of organofunctional silanes rank very high in terms of performance, broad applicability as well as ease of application. This dissertation presents a four-part work: (1) structural characterization of silane films on metals, (2) mechanism studies of silane-treated metal systems, (3) development of water-based silane systems, and (4) measurements of other properties of silane films. In part 1, silane films, i.e., bis-[triethoxysilylpropyl]tetrasulfide (bis-sulfur silane) and bis-[trimethoxysilylpropyl]amine (bis-amino silane) were deposited on AA 2024-T3 and were characterized mainly using reflection-absorption Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-RA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The results showed that further hydrolysis and crosslinking occurs in the applied bis-sulfur silane films in the presence of water and moisture. This is because the bis-sulfur silane is difficult to hydrolyze completely in its water/ethanol solution. The remaining ester groups would hydrolyze to silanols when water or moisture presents (e.g., in the processes of curing in the atmosphere and immersion in an aqueous solution). The as-formed silanols would further condense either with themselves or with aluminum hydroxyl groups at the alloy surface, forming siloxanes and aluminum-siloxanes. Three different regions were clearly detected by EIS in the bis-sulfur silane-treated AA 2024-T3 system, and were further observed in the SEM/EDX studies. According to these studies, the three regions are assigned to, from outside to inside, outermost silane film dominated with siloxanes (SiOSi), interfacial layer with both siloxanes and aluminum-siloxanes (AlOSi), and innermost aluminum oxide. In part 2, the mechanistic study of corrosion protection of AA 2024-T3 by bis-sulfur silane film was carried out. In summation, the following two factors play critical roles in the corrosion protection of AA 2024-T3: (1) the formation of a highly crosslinked interfacial layer, and (2) high water resistance of silane films. The former inhibits corrosion in the following two ways: (1) blocking favorable sites for water adsorption by the formation of AlOSi bonds at the interface which effectively reduces the tendency of aqueous corrosion; and (2) bonding tightly to the metal and thus restricting transportation of the existing corrosion products away from their original sites which hinders pit growth. It should be noted that a high density of AlOSi bonds can be obtained employing bis-silanes rather than mono-silanes. A high water resistance makes water penetration difficult in silane films. This is essential for preventing AlOSi bonds from hydrolysis. The results also indicated that hydrophilic bis-amino silane can not provide a good corrosion protection for metals. This is because the bis-amino silane film tends to be positively charged due to the protonation of hydrophilic amino groups. As a result of electrostatic attraction, the transportation of detrimental anions like chloride (Cl- ) ions as well as water is promoted in the film. Without sufficient water resistance of the film, AlOSi bonds at the interface are readily hydrolyzed. Consequently, the interfacial adhesion is lost. Corrosion thus readily proceeds at the alloy surface. Although bis-sulfur silane performs well on Al alloys, it fails on HDG. This is caused by poor film coverage on HDG due to the insufficient wetting of Zn oxide by bis-sulfur silane solution. A mixture at the bis-sulfur/bis-amino ratio of 3/1 enhances the corrosion resistance of both AA 2024-T3 and HDG. A small portion of bis-amino silane makes the mixture solution hydrophilic enough to wet Zn oxide on HDG, which facilitates the formation of a homogenous film on HDG. On the other hand, a large portion of bis-sulfur silane enhances the hydrophobicity of the mixture film, which is the basis for good protective performance of the mixture. In part 3, test results for newly-developed water-based silane systems were reported. The major advantage of these silane systems is that they are highly miscible with water, which makes them more industrially acceptable than alcohol-based silanes. Test results demonstrated that these silanes provide excellent corrosion protection as well as paint adhesion on a variety metals including, Al alloys, Zn-coated steels, carbon steels, and stainless steels. Part 4 reported several other properties of silane films, such as resistivity/conductivity, mechanical properties, and thermal stabilities of silane films.
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents Volume 2 written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-27 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book embodies the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Silanes and other Adhesion Promoters held in Newark, New Jersey, October 21--23, 1998. Silanes are the most popular and widely used coupling agents (or adhesion promoters) to promote adhesion between dissimilar materials in a variety of situations, e.g. coating technology, adhesive bonding, reinforced composites, etc. Since the first symposium on this topic in 1991, there had been a tremendous R&D activity in developing new and more effective adhesion promoters and in understanding and optimising the performance of available coupling agents. The technical program for the symposium contained 36 papers and reflected both overviews and original research contributors and the presenters hailed from academia, industry and other research laboratories. Many different aspects of coupling agents were discussed, and both fundamental and applied aspects were accorded due coverage. In addition to formal presentations, there were brisk and lively discussions throughout the symposium, and this event provided an opportunity for cross-pollination of ideas in the broad arena of adhesion promoters. This present volume contains 18 papers by experts from academia, industry and other research laboratories. All manuscripts were subjected to rigorous peer review and were suitably revised before inclusion in this volume. The book is divided into two parts as follows: Part 1. Silane Coupling Agents; and Part 2: Non-silane Coupling Agents/Adhesion Promotors. The topics covered include: silane adhesion prompters for hydrosilylation cure systems; sterically hindered silanes; study of silanes hydrolysis; adsorption of silanes on different substrates; interaction of water with silane films studied by neutron reflection; characterization of glass fiber sizings; silanes as dispersion promoters; corrosion protection of metals by silanes; surface 'Intelligraft' as a new class of adhesion promoters; hydroxymethylated resorcinol, sol-gels, and -diketone functionalised polymers as adhesion promoters; and plasma deposition of silanes.
Download or read book Potential of Silanes for Chromate Replacement in Metal Finishing Industries written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trialkoxysilanes (or silanes) have emerged as a very promising alternative for chromates in metal finishing industries. Compared to the conventional chromating processes, the major merits of silane-based surface treatments include: eco-compliance, easy-control processing, comparable corrosion protection of metals as well as paint adhesion to a variety of topcoats. In this overview paper, we will report the recent status of silane studies including results of corrosion performance tests, mechanism of corrosion protection of metals by silanes and thermal stabilities of silane films. We will also address the new fields that we are beginning to explore such as nano-structured silane films, self-healing silanes, super-primers and methods for inline detection of silane films.
Download or read book Electrodeposition of Organofunctional Silanes for Improved Corrosion Protection of Metals written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been amply demonstrated that thin films of organofunctional silanes deposited by dipping or spraying on metals such as aluminum, can provide protection against various forms of corrosion, including uniform corrosion and pitting. However, the thickness and uniformity of the film are uncontrolled in this process. The work done in this dissertation proposes a new deposition technique for the silane films on the metal surface i.e., by electrodeposition. Electrodeposition results in a highly uniform, non-porous, highly corrosion resistant film on the metal surface. The film formed was characterized mainly using electrochemical, surface and interfacial characterization techniques. Application of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) to electrodeposited films have provided direct evidence for the presence of O 2 Al(O-Si-O) and OAl(O-Si-O) 2 groups at the silane-aluminum oxide interface. Such bonds have, of course, often been suggested, but they have largely remained elusive over the years.
Download or read book Silane based Pretreatments of Electrocoated Metals for Corrosion Protection written by Guru Prasad Sundararajan and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents Volume 5 written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-16 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of silanes and other coupling agents/adhesion promoters is of tremendous contemporary interest because of their application in many and varied technologically important areas ranging from coatings to reinforced composites to dentistry to biomedical (e.g., for bonding nucleotides to the so-called a gene chipsa ). In addition to their tra
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents written by K. L. Mittal and published by VSP. This book was released on 2000-11-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume chronicles the proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Silanes and Other Coupling Agents held under the aegis of MST Conferences, LLC in Orlando, FL, June 11-13, 2003. Silanes have been used for about half a century as coupling agents / adhesion promoters to promote adhesion between dissimilar materials in a variety of situations, e.g., coating technology, adhesive bonding, and reinforced composites. However, recently silanes have found other applications, for example, as corrosion inhibitors. Lately there has been tremendous R&D activity in understanding the mechanism.
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-07-28 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume chronicles the proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Silanes and Other Coupling Agents held under the aegis of MST Conferences, LLC in Orlando, FL, June 11-13, 2003. Silanes have been used for about half a century as coupling agents / adhesion promoters to promote adhesion between dissimilar materials in a variety of situations, e.g., coating technology, adhesive bonding, and reinforced composites. However, recently silanes have found other applications, for example, as corrosion inhibitors. Lately there has been tremendous R&D activity in understanding the mechanisms by which silanes work as well as in devising new and improved silanes. This volume contains a total of 16 papers which were properly peer reviewed, revised and edited. The book is divided into two parts: 1. Silane Coupling Agents; and 2. Other Coupling Agents / Adhesion Promoters. Topics covered include: sterically hindered silanes; silane hydrolysis; silane oligomers; adsorption of silanes and their surface characterization; structure of bis-silane water-barrier films; silanes for improving adhesive bonding of aluminim, elastomer-to-metal adhesive bonds, and adhesion in silica-filler tire-tread compounds; electrodeposition of bis-silanes; silanes to provide corrosion resistance and as corrosion fatigue inhibitors; silane and other treatments for musical instrument strings; cyclic azasilanes as coupling agents for nanotechnology; hybrid polymers based on silanes for coating textile fabrics; plasma copolymers as adhesion promoters; organophosphate adsorption; and activation of wood fibres. This volume and its predecessors containing bountiful information should serve as a reference source for the latest R&D activity in the arena of coupling agents. Anyone interested or involved in promoting adhesion between dissimilar materials for any application should find this volume of great use and value.
Download or read book Silane Coupling Agents written by Edwin P. Plueddemann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: * It has been rumored that a bumble bee has such aerodynamic deficiencies that it should be incapable of flight. Fiberglass-reinforced polymer com posites, similarly, have two (apparently) insurmountable obstacles to per formance: 1) Water can hydrolyze any conceivable bond between organic and inorganic phase, and 2) Stresses across the interface during temperature cycling (resulting from a mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients) may exceed the strength of one of the phases. Organofunctional silanes are hybrid organic-inorganic compounds that are used as coupling agents across the organic-inorganic interface to help overcome these two obstacles to composite performance. One of their functions is to use the hydrolytic action of water under equilibrium condi tions to relieve thermally induced stresses across the interface. If equilib rium conditions can be maintained, the two problems act to cancel each other out. Coupling agents are defined primarily as materials that improve the practical adhesive bond of polymer to mineral. This may involve an increase in true adhesion, but it may also involve improved wetting, rheology, and other handling properties. The coupling agent may also modify the inter phase region to strengthen the organic and inorganic boundary layers.
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents Volume 4 written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-30 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book chronicles the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium held on this topic in Toronto. A total of 26 papers covering many ramifications of silanes and other coupling agents are included in this book. The topics covered include: various ways to deposit silanes; silane adsorption; investigation of interfacial interactions between si
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book chronicles the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium held on this topic in Toronto. A total of 26 papers covering many ramifications of silanes and other coupling agents are included in this book. The topics covered include: various ways to deposit silanes; silane adsorption; investigation of interfacial interactions between silanes and substrates; factors affecting effectiveness of silanes as adhesion promotors; silanes for corrosion inhibition/protection; application of silanes in a variety of technological areas; silanes in dental biomaterials, in understanding cellular adhesion, and in the field of textiles; and other (non-silane) coupling agents. This book provides a wealth of latest information on this highly technologically important topic and anyone interested in the use of these materials will find this book of great value and interest.
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents Volume 2 written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-27 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book embodies the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Silanes and other Adhesion Promoters held in Newark, New Jersey, October 21--23, 1998. Silanes are the most popular and widely used coupling agents (or adhesion promoters) to promote adhesion between dissimilar materials in a variety of situations, e.g. coating technology, adhesive bonding, reinforced composites, etc. Since the first symposium on this topic in 1991, there had been a tremendous R&D activity in developing new and more effective adhesion promoters and in understanding and optimising the performance of available coupling agents. The technical program for the symposium contained 36 papers and reflected both overviews and original research contributors and the presenters hailed from academia, industry and other research laboratories. Many different aspects of coupling agents were discussed, and both fundamental and applied aspects were accorded due coverage. In addition to formal presentations, there were brisk and lively discussions throughout the symposium, and this event provided an opportunity for cross-pollination of ideas in the broad arena of adhesion promoters. This present volume contains 18 papers by experts from academia, industry and other research laboratories. All manuscripts were subjected to rigorous peer review and were suitably revised before inclusion in this volume. The book is divided into two parts as follows: Part 1. Silane Coupling Agents; and Part 2: Non-silane Coupling Agents/Adhesion Promotors. The topics covered include: silane adhesion prompters for hydrosilylation cure systems; sterically hindered silanes; study of silanes hydrolysis; adsorption of silanes on different substrates; interaction of water with silane films studied by neutron reflection; characterization of glass fiber sizings; silanes as dispersion promoters; corrosion protection of metals by silanes; surface 'Intelligraft' as a new class of adhesion promoters; hydroxymethylated resorcinol, sol-gels, and -diketone functionalised polymers as adhesion promoters; and plasma deposition of silanes.
Download or read book Electro deposition of Resin modified Water based Hydrophobic Silane on Hdg Steel for Corrosion Protection written by Dingchuan Xue and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many past studies by scientists, especially Van Ooij and his research group at the University of Cincinnati, have demonstrated that organo-functional silanes have equivalent and even better corrosion performance than the toxic chromate. Chromate is being replaced because its toxic nature found lately and its usage is also being limited by government. Organo-functional silanes have outstanding corrosion protection performance over conventional chromate in many ways, such as metal pretreatment, passivation as well as paint adhesion. However, there are also disadvantages about organo-functional silanes. Generally, silane solution treatments are mainly executed by immersion or spraying, and this does not provide a uniform film; secondly, most of silane hydrolysis environment contain volatile solvent, especially when excellent hydrophobic silanes are being hydrolyzed, and this can be concerned as the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) release into the environment. In this work, completely water-based cationic epoxy-resin-ester modified hydrophobic BTSE silane solution coated by cathodic electro-deposition was tried on an easily corroded substrate of hot-dipped galvanized steel. In previous research and studies, electro-deposition has been shown to provide more uniform and organized silane films on aluminum than immersion. In the following study, various silane and resin ratios were tested and optimized with different electro-deposition current, curing time, aging time and effect of adding corrosion inhibitor and addition of nano-particle filler of carbon black. The optimized system on HDG has been characterized by electro-chemical, surface and interface tests. Performance tests of SST, EIS, and DCP all agree that the optimized system displayed a much more corrosion protective characteristic by electro-deposition than by immersion. Characterization by FTIR showed a more cross-linked siloxane network by electro-deposition technique than immersion near the metal surface; AFM/SEM/SIMS also further explained why electro-deposition could provide a more corrosion protective and more cross-linked siloxane network than immersion. 3 wt% CB nano-particles addition into the optimal system prepared by electro-deposition further improved the coating anti-corrosive performance and reduced the metal corrosion rate substantially.
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents Volume 3 written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-07-28 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume chronicles the proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Silanes and Other Coupling Agents held under the aegis of MST Conferences, LLC in Orlando, FL, June 11-13, 2003.Silanes have been used for about half a century as coupling agents / adhesion promoters to promote adhesion between dissimilar materials in a variety of situa
Download or read book Corrosion Control written by S. Bradford and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human beings undoubtedly became aware of corrosion just after they made their first metals. These people probably began to control corrosion very so on after that by trying to keep metal away from corrosive environments. "Bring your tools in out of the rain" and "Clean the blood off your sword right after battle" would have been early maxims. Now that the mechanisms of corrosion are better understood, more techniques have been developed to control it. My corrosion experience extends over 10 years in industry and research and over 20 years teaching corrosion courses to university engineering students and industrial consulting. During that time I have developed an approach to corrosion that has successfully trained over 1500 engineers. This book treats corrosion and high-temperature oxidation separately. Corrosion is divided into three groups: (1) chemical dissolution including uniform attack, (2) electrochemical corrosion from either metallurgicalor environmental cells, and (3) corrosive-mechanical interactions. It seems more logical to group corrosion according to mechanisms than to arbitrarily separate them into 8 or 20 different types of corrosion as if they were unrelated. University students and industry personnel alike generally are afraid of chemistry and consequently approach corrosion theory very hesitantly. In this text the electrochemical reactions responsible for corrosion are summed up in only five simple half-cell reactions. When these are combined on a polarization diagram, which is explained in detail, the electrochemical pro cesses become obvious.
Download or read book Corrosion Protection at the Nanoscale written by Susai Rajendran and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion Protection at the Nanoscale explores fundamental concepts on how metals can be protected at the nanoscale by using both nanomaterials-based solutions, including nanoalloys, noninhibitors and nanocoatings. It is an important reference resource for both materials scientists and engineers wanting to find ways to create an efficient corrosion prevention strategy. Nanostructure materials have been widely used in many products, such as print electronics, contact, interconnection, implant, nanosensors and display units to lessen the impact of corrosion. Traditional methods for protection of metals include various techniques, such as coatings, inhibitors, electrochemical methods (anodic and cathodic protections), metallurgical design are covered in this book. Nanomaterials-based protective methods can offer many advantages over their traditional counterparts, such as protection for early-stage, higher corrosion resistance, better corrosion control. This book also outlines these advantages and discusses the challenges of implementing nanomaterials as corrosion protection agents on a wide scale. - Explains the main methods of detection, monitoring, testing, measurement and simulation of corrosion at the nanoscale - Explores how metals can be protected at the nanoscale using nanotechnology and nanomaterials - Discusses the major challenges of detecting and preventing corrosion at the nanoscale
