Download or read book Signal Transduction and Cardiac Hypertrophy written by Naranjan S. Dhalla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cellular signaling in cardiac muscle refers to the myriad of stimuli and responses that direct and control the physiological operation of this organ. Our understand ing of these complex signaling cascades has increased dramatically over the past few decades with the advent of molecular tools for their dissection. Moreover, this infor mation is beginning to provide tangible targets towards manipulating cardiac func tion in the setting of cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms and factors that regulate cardiac cell growth are of particular interest as both adaptive and maladaptive responses can occur during cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy describes the increase in individual cardiac myocyte size that is accomplished through the series and/or parallel addition of sarcomeres. The ability of cardiac muscle to increase in size through hyperplasia becomes highly restricted or negligible shortly after birth. Consequently, the increase in heart size associated with development and growth of an individual occurs through hypertrophy. In response to a chronic increase in workload, cardiac muscle cells can dramatically increase in size to face their increasing contractile demands. While this plasticity is clearly a ben eficial response under many conditions, it can be highly deleterious and inappropri ate under others. For example, cardiac hypertrophy associated with endurance exercise clearly enhances athletic performance. In contrast, the hypertrophy associated with chronic hypertension, stenotic or regurgitant heart valves, or following a myocardial infarction often continues far beyond the period where this adaptive response is ben eficial.
Download or read book Role of Signal Transduction Pathways in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure written by Christopher Lee Antos and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Signal Transduction in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure written by Michael Böhm and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heart Hypertrophy and Failure written by Naranjan S. Dhalla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heart Hypertrophy and Failure brings together leading basic scientists and clinicians, presenting improved knowledge of the pathophysiology and treatment of the condition. The result is a synthesis of state-of-the-art information on molecular biology, cellular physiology and structure-function relationships in the cardiovascular system in health and disease. The papers presented describe fundamental mechanisms underlying changes in the cellular machinery during the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Audience: Students, scientists, clinical and experimental cardiologists who seek to understand and manage the perplexing problems of hypertrophy and heart failure.
Download or read book Signaling in the Heart written by José Marín-García and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-21 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Signal transduction pathways are at the core of most biological processes and are critical regulators of heart physiology and pathophysiology. The heart is both a transmitter and dynamic receptor of a variety of intracellular and extracellular stimuli, playing a critical role of an integrator of diverse signaling mechanisms. Alterations in signaling pathways are contributing factors in the development and progression of a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from dysrhythmias and atherosclerosis to hypertension and the metabolic syndrome. Targeting specific components of these signaling pathways has been shown to be effective in preclinical studies with significant therapeutic impact. This book brings together current knowledge in cardiovascular cell signal transduction mechanisms, advances in novel therapeutic approaches to improve cardiac function, and discussion of future directions. Presented from a post-genomic perspective, this exciting book introduces important new ideas in cardiovascular systems biology. It is an invaluable reference for cardiology researchers and practitioners.
Download or read book Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System in Health and Disease written by Ashok K. Srivastava and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-17 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular System Health and Disease highlights the major contributions of different signaling systems in modulating normal cardiovascular functions and how a perturbation in these signaling events leads to abnormal cell functions and cardiovascular disorders. This title is volume 3 in the new Springer series, Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease.
Download or read book The Hypertrophied Heart written by Nobuakira Takeda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whenever the heart is challenged with an increased work load for a prolonged period, it responds by increasing its muscle mass--a phenomenon known as cardiac hypertrophy. Although cardiac hypertrophy is commonly seen under physiological conditions such as development and exercise, a wide variety of pathological situa tions such as hypertension (pressure overload), valvular defects (volume overload), myocardial infarction (muscle loss), and cardiomyopathy (muscle disease) are also known to result in cardiac hypertrophy. Various hormones such as catecholamines, thyroid hormones, angiotensin II, endothelin, and growth factors have also been shown to induce cardiac hypertrophy. Although the exact mechanisms underlying or pathological forrns of cardiac hypertrophy are poorly under the physiological stood, an increase in the intraventricular pressure is believed to represent the major stimulus for the development of cardiac hypertrophy. In this regard, stretching of the cardiac muscle has been shown to induce the hypertrophic response, but the role of metabolic influences in this process cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, different hormones and other interventions in the absence of stretch have been observed to stimulate protein synthesis in both isolated cardiomyocyte and vascular myocyte preparations. Nonetheless, it is becoming dear that receptor as well as phospholipid linked signal transduction pathways are activated in some specific manner depend ing upon the initial hypertrophic stimulus, and these then result in an increase in the size and mass of cardiomyocytes.
Download or read book Cardiac Mechanotransduction written by Matti Weckström and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-22 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a multidisciplinary approach to cardiac mechanotransduction. The chapters depict the many faces of the topic, from membrane and ion channel level to mechanics, biochemical signaling and regulation via hormone systems. Cardiac Mechanotransduction is of interest to basic life sciences, like physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, but also to clinicians working with heart-related problems, such as cardiologists and internists.
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure written by Richard A. Walsh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-11-29 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title reviews current knowledge of the mechanisms contributing to heart failure. Editor Richard Walsh and an internationally renowned team of contributors discuss key advances in molecular and cell biology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, focusing on advances that have a direct bearing on current clinical studies. It highlights developments across a broad range of disciplines, with in-depth coverage of each topic providing background and perspective on current literature. By setting new advances in a broader context, this text allows readers to compare different ideas and evaluate their importance in their own areas of research or clinical practice.
Download or read book Biochemistry of Signal Transduction in Myocardium written by Jos M.J. Lamers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this volume are the Proceedings of the Satellite Symposium of the XVIth World Congress of the International Society for Heart Research on `Signal Transduction in Normal and Diseased Myocardium' which was held in Rotterdam at the Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences of the Erasmus University, June 30 and July 1, 1995. Diverse and distinct auto-, para-, and endocrine stimuli arriving at the surface of endothelium, smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts within the myocardium, engage cell type-specific receptors, which lead to transmission of signals across the cell plasma membrane and result in the production and activation of second messengers. The most common mechanism by which these second messengers function is via direct or indirect activation of specific protein kinases. The current challenge for scientists is to identify the specific substrates (e.g. metabolic enzymes, Ca2+-regulating proteins, transcription and mitotic factors) for the many protein kinases, to elucidate the biological significance of the cell type-specific expression heterogeneity of signalling proteins (e.g. membrane receptors, isoenzymes of protein kinase C, G-proteins) and to unravel the cross-talk interaction between the signalling systems (e.g. phospholipase C with adenylate cyclase and phospholipase C with phospholipase D). The multiplicity of receptor types, G-proteins, effector proteins, second messengers and protein kinases, their substrate proteins and the `cross-talk' interactions in the myocardium raises fundamental questions about the mechanisms that ensure the precision and timing of the myocardial responses to hormonal and pharmacological stimuli. This book provides an up-to-date source of information for all scientists and clinicians interested in the mechanisms by which external signals are transmitted to the interior and regulation of a variety of physiological, pathological and pharmacological responses.
Download or read book Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure written by Bernard Swynghedauw and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiac insufficiency, a major cause of premature mortality, is a key focus of medical and pharmaceutical research. This book aims to bring clinicians and researchers up-to-date on recent biophysical, cellular physiological and molecular biological developments and their clinical applications.
Download or read book Studies on Adenylyl Cyclase cAMP Signal Transduction in Hypertension and Cardiac Hypertrophy written by Francesco Di Fusco and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gottlieb Harry 1895 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The folder may include clippings, announcements, small exhibition catalogs, and other ephemeral items.
Download or read book Signal Transduction Mechanisms Regulating Cardiac Myocyte Hypertrophy and Gene Expression written by Wirt Anderson Hines and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biochemistry of Hypertrophy and Heart Failure written by Lorrie A. Kirshenbaum and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this special issue of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry is underlying mechanisms that regulate cardiac growth. The new information provided in this special issue can be utilized to design new treatment modalities that will reduce the incidence of cardiac failure which will improve quality of life in patients with chronic heart disease.
Download or read book Signal Transduction Mechanisms and Nuclear Effectors in Gene Expression During Hypertrophy of Cardiac Myocytes written by Sampsa Pikkarainen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book B adrenoceptor Signal Transduction in High output Heart Failure Due to Aortocaval Shunt in Rat written by Wang, Xi and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The failing heart is characterized by blunted B-adrenoceptor (B-AR) responses associated with a number of changes in the signal transduction pathway including downregulation of B-ARs, increased expression of inhibitory G-proteins and G-protein coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and impaired adenylyl cyclase (AC) activities. However, a careful review of the literature reveals that most types of heart failure in human and experimental models used to study B-AR signaling are associated with low cardiac output heart failure with significant fibrosis in the myocardium. No information is available regarding the regulation of B-AR signal transduction in heart failure with a high-output status without fibrosis. Therefore, the objective of this work is to use a high-output heart failure model without fibrosis and examine the status of B-AR signaling. To reach this aim, we first characterized a high-output model induced by an aortocaval shunt from several aspects including general features, morphology and histology of the heart, circulatory congestion, hemodynamics and contractile function in vivo and in vitro. The results demonstrated that the development of hypertrophy and heart failure typically occurred in three stages: developing hypertrophic stage (first two weeks after the induction of shunt), established hypertrophic stage (2-8 weeks) and decompensated hypertrophic or failing stage (8-16 weeks). The failing stage is characterized by dramatic hypertrophy of both left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles with signs of circulatory congestion, decreased in vivo and in vitro cardiac performance and shift of myosin heavy chain isoforms. However, the response of the failing heart to B-AR stimulation was not blunted but instead showed stimulation of contractile function. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the enhanced B-AR response in aortocaval shunted animals, we examined changes at the receptor level. Agonist binding experiments showed a selective increase in density of B 1-AR but not B2-AR, without any changes in the affinities. Western blot experiments confirmed that the increase in B1-AR density is due to an enhanced expression of protein levels rather than an increased externalization of receptors. However, the steady state mRNA level of B1-AR was not altered indicating an increased translational rate or decreased protein degradation underlying the increased B 1-AR protein expression.
