Download or read book Sibling Dynamics in Academic Socialization Within the Family Context written by Yeeun Kim and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When it comes to academic socialization in the family context, many studies have addressed how parents influence their children's educational outcomes (Jeynes, 2003), and a number of studies have shown that the ways in which parents influence their children's educational outcomes differ by the macro influences of socioeconomic status or culture (Kim et al., 2020; Yamamoto & Sonnenschein, 2016). In comparison, less is known about the dynamics of academic socialization by individual children within a family. Eccles and colleagues (Eccles, Arberton, et al., 1993) proposed a model of family influences on children's motivation and achievement. The model hypothesized the joint influence of family characteristics and child/sibling characteristics on parents' beliefs and behaviors, which in turn affect children's educational development. The model highlighted bidirectional influences not only between parents and children but also between siblings. Whereas most relevant studies and reviews of the model (Eccles, 2007; Wigfield et al., 2015) have centered on effects of family characteristics and parents' beliefs and behaviors on children's educational outcomes, the current dissertation alternatively focused on the hypothesized effects of a child's characteristics on parents and on the child's own academic self-concept as well as siblings' academic self-concepts. Drawing from the model suggested by Eccles and colleagues (Eccles, Arberton, et al., 1993), I tested four hypotheses in the current dissertation. First, I constructed hypotheses about each child's individual experiences as well as a sibling's shared experiences with their parents in the family. Second, I hypothesized effects of each individual child's achievement on their own academic self-concepts and their sibling's academic self-concepts. Third, I hypothesized effects of each individual child's achievement and motivation on their parents' beliefs and parental support. Fourth, I focused on effects of sibling resemblance on comparison processes between siblings and parents' similar or differential support for the siblings' learning. To address the four hypotheses, the current dissertation included three empirical studies. The first study (Sibling Achievement as an Additional Frame of Reference for Parents' Beliefs About Each Child's Academic Ability) focused on parents' beliefs about each sibling's academic abilities. To provide empirical evidence for parents' child-specific ability beliefs, the first study used secondary data (Gladstone et al., 2018) from 95 families collected in two academic-track secondary schools in a rural area of Germany and examined how much variance in parental beliefs could be explained by each parent's child-specific response compared with the variance present at the child, parent, and family levels. To investigate the formation of parents' child-specific ability beliefs, the study further addressed effects of siblings' achievement on parents' beliefs about each child's academic ability. We explored whether each parent used the other sibling's achievement as an additional frame of reference for their beliefs about a child's abilities within and across domains by applying the internal/external frame of reference (I/E) model (Marsh, 1986b; Möller & Marsh, 2013). The results of a multilevel analysis showed substantial variance in parents' beliefs at all levels of influence within the family. More specifically, parents' beliefs about children's academic abilities varied on the family level, indicating that parents' beliefs differed from one family to another; varied on the parental level, indicating that parents' general beliefs about siblings' academic abilities differed between the mother and father; varied on the sibling level, indicating that both parents' child-specific beliefs differed between siblings; and varied on the level of each child, indicating that each parent's child-specific beliefs differed between siblings. These findings newly verified the hierarchical structure of parents' child-specific beliefs about children's academic abilities influenced by the multiple levels of influence from different socialization agents within the family. Additionally, the study provided tentative evidence that both the mother and father used each child's own achievement and their sibling's achievement as frames of reference for their beliefs about the child's academic abilities within and across domains, yet the results did not show the clear pattern of the I/E model (Marsh, 1986b; Möller & Marsh, 2013). Overall, the findings of the first study are in line with the hypotheses proposed by Eccles and colleagues (Eccles, Arberton, et al., 1993). The second study (Why Do Siblings Differ in Their Learning Motivation and Perceptions of Parental Support? Reciprocal Relationships Between Parental Support and Each Sibling's Learning Motivation) investigated whether the reciprocal associations between diverse dimensions of perceived parental support (parents' expectations, parents' emotional support, parents' learning encouragement, and parental control) and children's learning motivation differed between siblings. Using data from 2,082 school-aged twins collected at age 11 and age 13, we tested reciprocal associations within and between twin pairs across the 2 years, holding individual children's characteristics of sex, school grades, and personality traits constant. By comparing monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins, we further verified whether the resemblance between siblings affected the reciprocal associations in within- and between-pair regressions. The results showed that there were significant reciprocal associations between an individual child's perceptions of their parents' learning encouragement and their learning motivation across ages 11 and 13, but only in the within-twin-pair regression for DZ twins. This means that the reciprocal relationships differed within DZ twin pairs, indicating the siblings' individualized academic socialization with parents across the 2 years. Such effects were not observed for the other dimensions of parental support or for MZ twins. MZ and DZ twins differed in particular in effects of learning motivation at age 11 on their perceptions of parents' learning encouragement at age 13. The substantial differences between MZ and DZ twins signified the effects of sibling resemblance on how parents supported the siblings in similar or different ways. Overall, the findings point to motivational dynamics and each child's individualized interactions with their parents within the family. The third study (What Happens With Comparison Processes When “the Other” is Very Similar? Academic Self-Concept Formation in Twins) investigated effects of individual children's and their siblings' achievement on their academic self-concepts, using data from 4,208 twins at age 11 and age 17. Applying the I/E model (Marsh, 1986b), the third study examined whether twin's and co-twin's academic achievement affected individual twin's academic self-concept within and across domains. In addition, the study further compared MZ with DZ twin pairs to determine whether they differed in co-twin's achievement effects on twin's academic self-concept to test whether sibling resemblance moderates social comparison processes within twin pairs, in line with social comparison theory (Festinger, 1954). Drawing on the pattern suggested by the I/E model, both MZ and DZ twins used their own achievement as a frame of reference for their academic self-concepts within and across domains (Marsh, 1986b). Yet, only MZ twins further used their sibling's achievement as an additional frame of reference for their academic self-concept within and across domains, showing the similar I/E pattern in effects of their own achievement on their academic self-concept. This finding provided new empirical evidence for a strong assimilation within perfectly similar sibling pairs, which is referred to and theorized as a mirror effect in the current study. Despite being similar to each other, DZ twins did not show the mirror effect but showed sibling deidentification or nonreferencing (Whiteman et al., 2007; Whiteman, McHale, et al., 2011) because they did not consider their sibling's achievement as a frame of reference for their academic self-concept within and across domains. Overall, the findings from the three studies showed the reciprocal effects of individual children's and sibling's achievement and learning motivation on their academic socialization from their parents and their academic self-concepts. Accordingly, the studies provided empirical support for the four hypotheses and for the model of family influences on children's motivation and achievement proposed by Eccles, Arberton, et al. (1993). From a theoretical perspective, the studies produced new insights into the effects of children's characteristics on the diversity in academic socialization between siblings, which has garnered relatively little attention to date. In addition, by conducting interdisciplinary research, the dissertation showed the relevance and usefulness of applying the I/E model and the transactional model of parenting to address how children's and siblings' characteristics reciprocally affect parenting and children's educational outcomes. From a methodological perspective, multilevel analysis, cross-lagged modeling, and multiple-group analyses within a family are suggested to investigate dynamic academic socialization within the family. The dissertation suggests a new perspective on the model proposed by Eccles and colleagues (1993) and the best method to investigate dynamic academic socialization within the family.
Download or read book Why Siblings Matter written by Naomi White and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people grow up with at least one sibling. These siblings are often ‘fellow travellers’ through adversity or significant life events; they can act as a source of support for some children while a source of conflict for others. For these reasons, siblings are a potentially powerful influence on development and this book is one of the first of its kind to provide an overview of cutting-edge psychological research on this important relationship. Why Siblings Matter is a cornerstone text on siblinghood. Integrating findings from a 10 year longitudinal study alongside wider research, it provides a lifespan perspective examining the impact of sibling relationships on children’s development and well-being. This text situates siblings in their historical, developmental and family context, considers the influence of siblings on children’s development and adjustment, and provides an introduction to new research on siblings in diverse contexts. The authors discuss sibling relationships in varied populations such as siblings with disabilities, siblings in different cultures and siblings in non-traditional families, while also considering the practical implications of research. Covering both classical studies and new results this book offers take-home messages for promoting positive sibling interactions. It will be invaluable reading for students and researchers in developmental psychology and family studies and professionals in education, health and social work.
Download or read book Brothers and Sisters written by Ann Buchanan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-09 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume presents unique insights on sibling relationships in adulthood in the early 21st century, focusing on three themes: relations beyond childhood and school years; factors shaping social support provision between siblings; and changes in family life and how these impact sibling relations. Comprised of chapters from distinguished international family scholars, this book examines sibling dynamics across age, race, culture, gender, sexual orientation, geography, and social environments. It answers important questions such as, to what extent do siblings support each other at different stages of the life cycle? How do cultural practices and family obligations impact on sibling support? How does sibling support differ when looking at surrogates, migrant families, polygamous families, and siblings with disabilities? These contributions expand and contribute greatly to the field of sibling studies and will be of interest to all students and scholars studying and researching family relationships.
Download or read book Power Control and Influence in Sibling Relationships Across Development written by Nicole Campione-Barr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-17 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macro Influences on Power -- Adult Sibling Interactions -- Conclusion -- References -- 8 Commentary 2: Sibling Power Dynamics: The Role of Family and Sociocultural Context -- References -- INDEX -- ORDER FORM -- EULA
Download or read book Sibling Interaction Across Cultures written by Patricia G. Zukow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sibling Interaction Across Cultures is a collection of studies focusing on the role siblings play in the social, emotional, and cognitive development of their younger siblings. Unlike much previous research on sibling relationships, these studies share the underlying assumption that social interaction plays a significant role in the acquisition and transmission of cultural knowledge and social understanding. The contributors evaluate the advantages as well as limitations of current methodological issues directly affecting sibling research and assess the various theoretical perspectives underpinning these methodologies. Drawing from empirical, cross- and infra-cultural research, this volume lays new groundwork for identifying universal, environmental, and culture-specific aspects of the role of siblings in child development.
Download or read book Sibling Development written by Jonathan Caspi, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2010-10-25 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I heartily recommend Sibling Development."--CFLE Network Newsletter (National Council on Family Relations) Sibling relationships have a major influence on a person's development and behavior, yet, until now the topic has been seriously underrepresented in the professional literature. Sibling Development: Implications for Mental Health Practitioners addresses this gap by examining the range of developmental, clinical, and cultural issues related to sibling relationships. It highlights positive sibling relationships as a source of strength and resilience; at the other end of the spectrum, it addresses sibling abuse, a dangerous and underdiagnosed condition. It demonstrates the crucial support that siblings can provide each other in families experiencing mental illness, substance abuse, divorce, and other stressors. It also considers issues of cultural and ethnic diversity, gender, disability, and sexual orientation as they relate to siblings and their families. Each chapter provides case studies to illustrate how theory and empirical findings can be incorporated into culturally informed treatment, and offers implications for practice and future research. It is an essential resource for all practitioners, researchers, students, and educators who work with or study siblings. Key Features: Examines the role of siblings as cultural educators and socializing agents Offers empirically derived treatment approaches for siblings and families Discusses lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender siblings Includes case studies to demonstrate how to integrate theory and empirical findings into practice Looks at sibling dynamics in families with mental illness, substance abuse, and divorce, as well as siblings of individuals with disabilities Discusses sibling relationships in transracial adoptive families
Download or read book Sibling Relationships written by M. E. Lamb and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1982. Since the emergence of developmental psychology early this century, theorists and researchers have emphasized the family’s role in shaping the child’s emergent social style, personality, and cognitive competence. In so doing, however, psychologists have implicitly adopted a fairly idiosyncratic definition of the family— one that focuses almost exclusively on parents and mostly on mothers. The realization that most families contain two parents and at least two children has occurred slowly, and has brought with it recognition that children develop in the context of a diverse network of social relationships within which each person may affect every other both directly (through their interactions) and indirectly (i.e., through A ’s effect on B, who in turn influences C). The family is such a social network, itself embedded in a broader network of relations with neighbors, relatives, and social institutions. Within the family, relationships among siblings have received little attention until fairly recently. In this volume, the goal is to review the existing empirical and theoretical literature concerning the nature and importance of sibling relationships.
Download or read book The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Child Development written by Brian Hopkins and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 993 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated and expanded to 124 entries, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Child Development remains the authoritative reference in the field.
Download or read book Children s Understanding of their Sibling Relationships written by Lucy Hadfield and published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sibling relationships are both patterned and diverse. This report provides an 'insider' perspective on these relationships and highlights their complexity. This book draws on research which explores the views of children in middle childhood, aged between 7 and 13. It shows that relationships varying according to context, with gender and the age hierarchy as important features.
Download or read book Sibling Relationships in the Context of the Family written by Kathryn E. Tucker and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Download or read book Siblings in Adolescence written by Aiden Sisler and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do brothers and sisters shape one another? Siblings in Adolescence provides a comprehensive overview of the most up-to-date, international empirical research on the sibling bond during the critical adolescent years. The authors examine how the relationship impacts on adolescent development, as well as the effect on and within the family, using evidence from behaviour genetics, cross-cultural studies, and research utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods. The book presents a multi-faceted dynamic view of the adolescent sibling relationship, drawing on perspectives from sociological, psychological, and ecological and systems science. It introduces a novel theoretical perspective which covers sibling dynamics across various key environments such as their families, communities, and cultures. Parents and siblings will also find useful coverage of the following issues: school and life transitions parental separation health, illness, and disability diverse family experiences. Siblings in Adolescence will be indispensable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying human development, and will supplement postgraduate courses for teachers, counsellors, and social, youth, and health workers. It will also be required reading for all those who work and do research with families and young people.
Download or read book The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Social Development written by Peter K. Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-12-04 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Social Development, Second Edition presents an authoritative and up-to-date overview of research and theory concerning a child's social development from pre-school age to the onset of adolescence. Presents the most up-to-date research and theories on childhood social development Features chapters by an international cast of leaders in their fields Includes comprehensive coverage of a range of disciplinary perspectives Offers all new chapters on children and the environment, cultural influences, history of childhood, interventions, and neuro-psychological perspectives Represents an essential resource for students and researchers of childhood social development
Download or read book Close Relationships written by Patricia Noller and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Close Relationships: Functions, Forms and Processes provides an overview of current theory and research in the area of close relationships, written by internationally renowned scholars whose work is at the cutting edge of research in the field. The volume consists of three sections: introductory issues, types of relationships, and relationship processes. In the first section, there is an exploration of the functions and benefits of close relationships, the diversity of methodologies used to study them, and the changing social context in which close relationships are embedded. A second section examines the various types of close relationships, including family bonds and friendships. The third section focuses on key relationship processes, including attachment, intimacy, sexuality, and conflict. This book is designed to be an essential resource for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, and practitioners, and will be suitable as a resource in advanced courses dealing with the social psychology of close relationships.
Download or read book Sibling Relationships in Childhood and Adolescence written by Avidan Milevsky and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most long-lasting and enduring relationship an individual can develop is with a sibling. Considering the closeness in age and early association of siblings, they can bond for a lifetime. Psychologists are beginning to appreciate the sibling link and its dynamic role in a child's social development. Beyond the mother-child dyad, sibling associations are now attributed with determining cognitive faculties, emotional balance, self-sufficiency, and peer interactions. Clarifying the complex processes of these relationships and the benefit of parental involvement, Avidan Milevsky provides a foundational text for a growing area of study. Deploying personal narrative, theoretical examinations, and empirical data, he unravels the intricacies of the sibling exchange and their function in overall family structures. He identifies the factors that make such bonds successful (or harmful) and the influence of parents in shaping these outcomes. He also evaluates the compensatory possibilities of the sibling bond when faced with the absence of a parent or friend. Variables such as age, birth order, gender, and family size are tremendous considerations, and parents hoping to enhance the sibling bond gain immensely from understanding these predictors. Milevsky shows practitioners how to educate parents and help them apply their knowledge in practice. He particularly supplies crucial perspective on "deidentification," or conscious differentiation, in which parents encourage different life paths to minimize sibling comparison and competition. A major tool for clinicians, social service providers, and educators, this book clarifies the next frontier in child development research.
Download or read book School Family and Community Partnerships written by Joyce L. Epstein and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strengthen programs of family and community engagement to promote equity and increase student success! When schools, families, and communities collaborate and share responsibility for students′ education, more students succeed in school. Based on 30 years of research and fieldwork, the fourth edition of the bestseller School, Family, and Community Partnerships: Your Handbook for Action, presents tools and guidelines to help develop more effective and more equitable programs of family and community engagement. Written by a team of well-known experts, it provides a theory and framework of six types of involvement for action; up-to-date research on school, family, and community collaboration; and new materials for professional development and on-going technical assistance. Readers also will find: Examples of best practices on the six types of involvement from preschools, and elementary, middle, and high schools Checklists, templates, and evaluations to plan goal-linked partnership programs and assess progress CD-ROM with slides and notes for two presentations: A new awareness session to orient colleagues on the major components of a research-based partnership program, and a full One-Day Team Training Workshop to prepare school teams to develop their partnership programs. As a foundational text, this handbook demonstrates a proven approach to implement and sustain inclusive, goal-linked programs of partnership. It shows how a good partnership program is an essential component of good school organization and school improvement for student success. This book will help every district and all schools strengthen and continually improve their programs of family and community engagement.
Download or read book Siblings in South Asia written by Charles William Nuckolls and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 1993 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the issues of greatest concern to psychologists and anthropologists alike, this interdisciplinary volume including social and structural, developmental psychological, psychoanalytic, and ethnopsychological perspectives examines the development of sibling relationships in several different
