Download or read book Sexual Violence Against Child Soldiers written by Chiun Min Seah and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a legal gap in international criminal and humanitarian law regarding instances of child soldiers who are sexually violated by their own military members during armed warfare. International humanitarian law generally does not regulate the conducts of combatants in the same armed group against their co-combatants. Supervision of such actions would resumably be monitored by their own internal discipline structure but this is lacking. Whilst there may be a universal understanding that any harmful attacks would be directed towards the enemy, sexual violence is inflicted extensively on both sides and, in this context, against child soldiers who have limited protection by international law and military structures.On that account, this book examines how international humanitarian law protects child soldiers who are being sexually abused by their own troops and consequently, how international criminal law punishes the perpetrators of sexual violence against child soldiers. As an example, this book looks into the ongoing trial of Dominic Ongwen at the International Criminal Court. This case is unique because despite his background as a child soldier himself, Ongwen became a sexual violence perpetrator against child soldiers who were recruited within the Lord's Resistance Army in Uganda.This research addresses the current limits of international criminal law and humanitarian law in this sphere with reference to relevant case laws which need to be resolved.
Download or read book Sexual Violence and Armed Conflict written by Janie L. Leatherman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-26 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, hundreds of thousands of women become victims of sexual violence in conflict zones around the world; in the Democratic Republic of Congo alone, approximately 1,100 rapes are reported each month. This book offers a comprehensive analysis of the causes, consequences and responses to sexual violence in contemporary armed conflict. It explores the function and effect of wartime sexual violence and examines the conditions that make women and girls most vulnerable to these acts both before, during and after conflict. To understand the motivations of the men (and occasionally women) who perpetrate this violence, the book analyzes the role played by systemic and situational factors such as patriarchy and militarized masculinity. Difficult questions of accountability are tackled; in particular, the case of child soldiers, who often suffer a double victimization when forced to commit sexual atrocities. The book concludes by looking at strategies of prevention and protection as well as new programs being set up on the ground to support the rehabilitation of survivors and their communities. Sexual violence in war has long been a taboo subject but, as this book shows, new and courageous steps are at last being taken Ð at both local and international level - to end what has been called the “greatest silence in history”.
Download or read book Child Soldiers written by Michael Wessells and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compelling and humane, this book reveals the lives of the 300,000 child soldiers around the world, challenging stereotypes of them as predators or a lost generation. Kidnapped or lured by the promise of food, protection, revenge, or a better life, children serve not only as combatants but as porters, spies, human land mine detectors, and sexual slaves. Nearly one-third are girls, and Michael Wessells movingly reveals the particular dangers they face from pregnancy, childbirth complications, and the rejection they and their babies encounter in their local contexts. Based mainly on participatory research and interviews with hundreds of former child soldiers worldwide, Wessells allows these ex-soldiers to speak for themselves and reveal the enormous complexity of their experiences and situations. The author argues that despite the social, moral, and psychological wounds of war, a surprising number of former child soldiers enter civilian life, and he describes the healing, livelihood, education, reconciliation, family integration, protection, and cultural supports that make it possible. A passionate call for action, Child Soldiers pushes readers to go beyond the horror stories to develop local and global strategies to stop this theft of childhood.
Download or read book Research Handbook on Child Soldiers written by Mark A. Drumbl and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child soldiers remain poorly understood and inadequately protected, despite significant media attention and many policy initiatives. This Research Handbook aims to redress this troubling gap. It offers a reflective, fresh and nuanced review of the complex issue of child soldiering. The Handbook brings together scholars from six continents, diverse experiences, and a broad range of disciplines. Along the way, it unpacks the life-cycle of youth and militarization: from recruitment to demobilization to return to civilian life. The overarching aim of the Handbook is to render the invisible visible – the contributions map the unmapped and chart new directions. Challenging prevailing assumptions and conceptions, the Research Handbook on Child Soldiers focuses on adversity but also capacity: emphasising the resilience, humanity, and potentiality of children affected (rather than ‘afflicted’) by armed conflict.
Download or read book No Place for a War Baby written by Donna Seto and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Donna Seto investigates why children born of wartime sexual violence are rarely included in post-conflict processes of reconciliation and recovery. The focus on children born of wartime sexual violence questions the framework of understanding war and recognizes that certain individuals are often forgotten or neglected. This book considers how children are neglected sites for the reproduction of global norms. It approaches this topic through an interdisciplinary perspective that questions how silence surrounding the issue of wartime sexual violence has prevented justice for children born of war from being achieved. In considering this, Seto examines how the theories and practices of mainstream International Relations (IR) can silence the experiences of war rape survivors and children born of wartime sexual violence and explores the theoretical frameworks within IR and the institutional structures that uphold protection regimes for children and women.
Download or read book The Torture of Children During Armed Conflicts written by Sonja C. Grover and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-24 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines selected legal complexities of the notion of torture and the issue of the proper foundation for legally characterizing certain acts as torture, especially when children are the targeted victims of torture. ICC case law is used to highlight the International Criminal Court’s reluctance in practice to prosecute as a separable offence the crime of torture as set out in one or more of the relevant provisions of the Rome Statute where children are the particularized targets as part of a common plan during armed conflict. Also addressed is the failure of the ICC to consider that the young age of the victims of torture (i.e. children) should be an aggravating factor taken into account in determining the ICC sentence for those convicted of the torture of civilians, including children, in the context of armed conflict as part of a common plan. The six UN-designated grave crimes against children (including child soldiering for State or non-State forces perpetrating mass atrocities, and sexual violence perpetrated on a systematic and widespread basis against children including child soldiers), it is argued, are also instances of the torture of children as part of a common plan such that separate charges of torture are legally supportable (along with the other charges relating to additional Rome Statute offences involved in such circumstances). Useful legal perspectives on the issue of the torture of children in its various manifestations gleaned from the case law of other international judicial forums such as the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the ICTY are also examined.
Download or read book Ending the War against Children The Rights of Children to Live Free of Violence An Issue of Pediatric Clinics of North America E Book written by Bonita F. Stanton and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-03-10 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consulting Editor, Dr. Bonita Stanton is serving as Guest Editor along with Dr. Danielle Laraque-Arena for this important issue of Pediatric Clinics of North America to address violence against children. This never-before published issue is broken into three sections, addressing The War against Children, Case Studies, and Interventions to Reduce Violence to Children. Expert authors have contributed clinical review articles that provide guidance on providing care to pediatric victims of violence and abuse. Articles are specifically devoted to the following topics: Global Burden of Violence: Overview and Epidemiology; Operating Principles and Competencies for Engagement; Violence Against Children: Recognition, Rights, Responses; Forcible Displacement, Migration and Violence on Children and Families; An Eye on Disparities, Health Equity, and Racism: The case of Firearm Injuries in Urban Youth in the US and Globally; Rural Communities and Violence; Attacks against Schools, Hospitals, Places of Worship and Other Public Spaces: Mass Shootings; Sexual Violence Against Children; War, Conflict, Terrorism, and the Status of Children; Racism and Other Systems of Structural Inequities as Violence Against Children; Domestic Violence and its Effects on Women, Children and Families; Executions and Police Conflict Involving Children and Young Adults; Community-Engaged and -Informed Violence Prevention Interventions; and Global Humanitarian Access for Children. Pediatricians will come away with the information they need to improve outcomes and violence-prevention interventions for their patients.
Download or read book Protecting Child Soldiers from Sexual Violence by Members of the Same Military Force a Re conceptualisation of International Humanitarian Law written by Rosemary Grey and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reimagining Child Soldiers in International Law and Policy written by Mark A. Drumbl and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-26 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child soldiers are generally perceived as faultless, passive victims. This ignores that the roles of child soldiers vary, from innocent abductee to wilful perpetrator. This book argues that child soldiers should be judged on their actions and that treating them like a homogenous group prevents them from taking responsibility for their acts.
Download or read book Female Child Soldiering Gender Violence and Feminist Theologies written by Susan Willhauck and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the phenomenon of female child soldiering from various theological perspectives. It is an interdisciplinary work that brings Christian feminist theologies into dialogue to analyze the complex ethical, geopolitical, social, and theological issues involved in the militarization of girls and women and gender-based violence. With contributions from a range of interdisciplinary and multicultural authors, this book offers reflections and perspectives that coalesce as a comprehensive overview of feminist theological insights into child soldiering.
Download or read book Impunity in sexual violence against girl children during armed conflict written by Marina Fernandez Arroyo and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-03-01 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2016 in the subject Politics - Topic: Public International Law and Human Rights, grade: 4.5/6, , language: English, abstract: According to the Former Deputy Force Commander of the UN mission to the DRC “It is more dangerous to be a woman than to be a soldier in modern conflict”. Indeed, sexual violence is the silent crime happening massively during all armed conflicts. The question of the extension of the problem has been tackled several times by several international organizations, researchers, UN bodies, and by the states affected. However, nobody really knows which is the real impact of these crimes. Women and girls are usually disproportionally affected, and crimes such as these have devastating, long-term effects on the lives of survivors. Noting that this is a crime that affects particularly women and girls, special mention on this issue must be made on girls. Among the categorized six grave violations against children in armed conflicts, sexual violence has, as previously underlined, a specific gender dimension making girl children especially vulnerable, and main target of those practices. This paper tries to show that sexual violence occurring during armed conflict follows common patterns, that is to say, that regardless of the country where it happens, surprisingly it feels like the practice follows the same template of perpetration. It will also prove that girl children are the main victims, so that it would make sense for them to be the ones more protected by legislation against sexual violence during armed conflict. However, this paper will finish showing that the lack of law enforcement leads to impunity due to different reasons, which happens to be a constant repetition of similar motives every time, and everywhere.
Download or read book Children Affected by Armed Conflict written by Myriam Denov and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Societal turbulence, state collapse, religious and ethnic conflict, poverty, hunger, and social exclusion all underlie children's involvement in armed conflict. Drawing from empirical studies in eleven conflict-ridden countries, including Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Colombia, Uganda, Palestine, Somalia, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Sudan, and South Sudan, Children Affected by Armed Conflict crosses cultures and contexts to capture a range of perspectives on the realities of armed conflict and its aftermath for children. Children Affected by Armed Conflict upends traditional views by emphasizing the experience of girls as well as boys, the unique social and contextual backgrounds of war-affected children, and the resilience and agency such children often display. Including children who are victims of, participants in, and witnesses to armed conflict in their analyses, the contributors to this volume highlight innovative methodologies that directly involve war-affected children in the research process. This validates the perspectives of children and ensures more effective outcomes in postwar reintegration and recovery. Deficits-based models do not account for the realities many war-affected children face. The alternative approaches presented in this edited collection—which acknowledge the realities of both trauma and resilience—aim to generate more effective policies and intervention strategies in the face of a growing global public health crisis.
Download or read book Easy Prey written by Janet Fleischman and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1994 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Child soldiers are among the most tragic victims of the war in Liberia. Although international law forbids the use of children under the age of 15 as soldiers, thousands of young children have been involved in the fighting since it began in December 1989. The main rebel forces, the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) and the United Liberian Movement for Democracy in Liberia (ULIMO), have consistently used children under the age of 18, including thousands under 15. Children are also reportedly used by the other warring factions. As a consequence, thousands of children in Liberia have suffered cruelly during the war: many have been killed or wounded or witnessed terrible atrocities. Moreover, many children themselves have been forced to take part in the killing, maiming or rape of civilians. The use of children as soldiers presents grave human rights problems. Many of these children have been killed during the conflict, thus denied the most basic right -- the right to life. Others have been forcibly conscripted by the warring factions, and separated from their families against their wills. Many have joined warring factions to survive. All have been denied a normal childhood. Reintegrating these children into their communities is a task of immense difficulty. Some children's parents have been killed, their families have fled, and no relatives can be found. In others, families have refused to take children back because of the abuses they have committed. Human Rights Watch believes that 18 is the minimum age at which people may properly take part in armed conflict."--cover.
Download or read book Child Soldiers as Agents of War and Peace written by Leonie Steinl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-19 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with child soldiers’ involvement in crimes under international law. Child soldiers are often victims of grave human rights abuses, and yet, in some cases, they also participate actively in inflicting violence upon others. Nonetheless, the international discourse on child soldiers often tends to ignore the latter dimension of children’s involvement in armed conflict and instead focuses exclusively on their role as victims. While it might seem as though the discourse is therefore beneficial for child soldiers as it protects them from blame and responsibility, it is important to realize that the so-called passive victim narrative entails various adverse consequences, which can hinder the successful reintegration of child soldiers into their families, communities and societies. This book aims to address this dilemma. First, the available options for dealing with child soldiers’ participation in crimes under international law, such as transitional justice and criminal justice, and their shortcomings are analyzed in depth. Subsequently a new approach is developed towards achieving accountability in a child-adequate way, which is called restorative transitional justice. This book is in the first place aimed at researchers with an interest in child soldiers, children and armed conflict, as well as international criminal law, transitional justice, juvenile justice, restorative justice, children’s rights, and international human rights law. Secondly, professionals working on issues of transitional justice, juvenile justice, international criminal law, children’s rights, and the reintegration of child soldiers will also find the subject matter of great relevance to their practice. Dr. Leonie Steinl, LL.M. (Columbia) is a Researcher and Lecturer at the Faculty of Law of the Humboldt-Universität in Berlin.
Download or read book Child Soldiers in Africa written by Alcinda Honwana and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young people have been at the forefront of political conflict in many parts of the world, even when it has turned violent. In some of those situations, for a variety of reasons, including coercion, poverty, or the seductive nature of violence, children become killers before they are able to grasp the fundamentals of morality. It has been only in the past ten years that this component of warfare has captured the attention of the world. Images of boys carrying guns and ammunition are now commonplace as they flash across television screens and appear on the front pages of newspapers. Less often, but equally disturbingly, stories of girls pressed into the service of militias surface in the media. A major concern today is how to reverse the damage done to the thousands of children who have become not only victims but also agents of wartime atrocities. In Child Soldiers in Africa, Alcinda Honwana draws on her firsthand experience with children of Angola and Mozambique, as well as her study of the phenomenon for the United Nations and the Social Science Research Council, to shed light on how children are recruited, what they encounter, and how they come to terms with what they have done. Honwana looks at the role of local communities in healing and rebuilding the lives of these children. She also examines the efforts undertaken by international organizations to support these wartime casualties and enlightens the reader on the obstacles faced by such organizations.
Download or read book Soldiers who Rape Commanders who Condone written by Juliane Kippenberg and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 2009 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), tens of thousands of girls and women have suffered horrific acts of sexual violence. The government army is one of the main perpetrators. Commanders, even when confronted with abuses, have frequently failed to stop sexual violence and may themselves be guilty of war crimes or crimes against humanity as a consequence. In this report, Human Rights Watch looks at sexual violence committed by the army and more specifically the 14th brigade whose case illustrates the failure to enforce respect for humanitarian law. The Congolese government and international agencies have taken some measures to deal with the army's poor human rights record, sometimes as part of broader security sector reform. These efforts have so far seen only limited success. For example, while some foot soldiers have been brought to justice, commanders are usually spared prosecution. To end impunity for the military, the Congolese government should strengthen the weak military justice system; establish clear chains of command, remove army officers with responsibility for past crimes, train military of all ranks on protection of women and girls, and improve pay and living conditions for soldiers. The government should also consider establishing a mixed chamber composed of international and Congolese judges and prosecutors to prosecute military and civilian leaders responsible \ for war crimes and crimes against humanity, including sexual crimes, beyond the few individuals who will be tried by the International Criminal Court.
Download or read book Children and the Responsibility to Protect written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-06-03 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, which is a spin-off of the special issue of the journal Global Responsibility to Protect (vol.10/1-2, 2018), eighteen academics and practitioners examine the intersections of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) principle and the theory and practice of child protection.
