Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans and Pinnipeds Caught in Commercial Fisheries Off the Northeast US Coast 2014 written by Frederick W. Wenzel and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to estimate annual levels of human-caused mortality and serious injury to marine mammal stocks (section 117) and to categorize commercial fisheries based on their level of incidental mortality and serious injury of marine mammals (section 118). A serious injury is defined as an injury that is more likely than not to result in mortality. Serious injury (SI) determinations were addressed at NMFS-convened workshops in 1997 and 2007 (Angliss and DeMaster 1998; Andersen et al. 2008), and in January 2012 the agency published new national guidelines for distinguishing serious from nonserious injuries of marine mammals (http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/pdfs/serious_injury_procedure.pdf). A major goal of the new guidelines were to establish national consistency and transparency in SI determinations. To implement the new guidelines, Science Center SI determination (SID) staff from each region review all documented marine mammal injury events on an annual basis. For the initial year of implementation, the records for 2007-2011 were evaluated (Waring et al. 2014; Cole and Henry 2013). For small cetaceans and pinniped injury determinations in the Northeast Region, fisheries observer (OBS) and At Sea Monitor (ASM) records were reviewed for incidentally-caught animals that were released alive. Observer comments on the condition of released animals and any associated photographs were compared to specific injury categories described in the new guidelines procedure manual, and each event was assigned an injury determination. Once completed, the Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) SI small cetacean and pinniped determination table was independently reviewed by the Southwest Fisheries Science Center’s (SWFSC) SID staff, the Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office (GARFO), and the Atlantic Scientific Review Group (SRG) before the SI determinations were finalized"--Introduction. [doi:10.7289/V5F18WSK(http://doi.org/10.7289/V5F18WSK)]
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans and Pinnipeds Caught in Commercial Fisheries Off the Northeast U S Coast 2012 written by Gordon T. Waring and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to estimate annual levels of human-caused mortality and serious injury to marine mammal stocks (section 117) and to categorize commercial fisheries based on their level of incidental mortality and serious injury of marine mammals (section 118). A serious injury is defined as an injury that is more likely than not to result in mortality. Serious injury (SI) determinations were addressed at NMFS-convened workshops in 1997 and 2007 (Angliss and DeMaster 1998; Andersen et al. 2008), and in January 2012 the agency published new national guidelines for distinguishing serious from nons erious injuries of marine mammals ( http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/pdfs/serious_injury_procedure.pdf ). A major goal of the new guidelines was to establish national consistency and transparency in SI determinations. To implement the new guidelines, Science Center SI determination (SID) staff from each region review all documented marine mammal injury events on an annual basis. For the initial year of implementation, the records for 2007-2011 were evaluated (Waring et al. 2014; Cole and Henry 2013). For small cetaceans and pinniped injury determinations in the Northeast Region, fisheries observer (OBS) and At Sea Monitor (ASM) records were reviewed for incidentally-caught anima ls that were released alive. Observer comments on the condition of released animals and any associated photographs were compared to specific injury categories described in the new guidelines' procedure manual, and each event was assigned an injury determination. Once completed, the Northeast Fisheries Science Center (N EFSC) SI small cetacean and pinniped determination table was independently reviewed by the Southwest Fisheries Science Center's ( SWFSC ) SID staff, the Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office (GARFO), and the Atlantic Scientific Review Group (SRG) before the SI determinations were finalized"--Introduction. [doi:10.7289/V53N21CP (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V53N21CP)]
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans and Pinnipeds Caught in Commercial Fisheries Off the Northeast US Coast 2011 2015 written by Elizabeth Josephson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to estimate annual levels of human-caused mortality and serious injury to marine mammal stocks (section 117) and to categorize commercial fisheries based on their level of incidental mortality and serious injury of marine mammals (section 118). Serious injury (SI) determinations were addressed at NMFS-convened workshops in 1997 and 2007 (Angliss and DeMaster 1998; Andersen et al. 2008), and in January 2012 the agency published new national guidelines for distinguishing serious from nonserious injuries of marine mammals (http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/pdfs/serious_injury_procedure.pdf). A major goal of the new guidelines was to establish national consistency and transparency in SI determinations. To implement the new guidelines, Science Center SI determination staff (SID) are required to annually review the observer (OBS) and at-sea monitor (ASM) records on all incidentally caught marine mammals that were released alive. Determinations made on these fishery interactions are independently reviewed by another center’s SID (e.g., Northeast Fisheries Science Center [NEFSC] determinations were sent to Southwest Fisheries Science Center [SWFSC]), the Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office (GARFO), and the Atlantic Scientific Review Group (ASRG) before final determinations are published"--Introduction.
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans and Pinnipeds Caught in Commercial Fisheries Off the Northeast U S Coast 2007 2011 written by Gordon T. Waring and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires the National Marine Fisheries Service NMFS to estimate annual levels of human-caused mortality and serious injury to marine mammal stocks (section 117) and to categorize commercial fisheries based on their level of incidental mortality and serious injury of marine mammals (section 118). Serious injury (SI) determinations were addressed at NMFS - convened workshops in 1997 and 2007 (Angliss and DeMaster 1998; Andersen et al. 2008), and in January 2012 the agency published new national guidelines for distinguishing serious from nonserious injuries of marine mammals (http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/pdfs/serious_injury_procedure.pdf ). A major goal of the new guidelines was to establish national consistency and transparency in SI determinations. To implement the new guidelines, Science Center SI determination staff (SID) were required to review the 5-year (2007 - 2011) observer (OBS) and at sea monitor (ASM) records on all incidentally caught marine mammals that were released alive. Observer comments on the condition of released animals were compared by taxonomic group (e.g., large whales, small cetaceans, and pinnipeds) to specific injury categories described in the procedure manual. Based on these reviews, each animal was assigned an injury determination. Once completed, the SI determination table was independently reviewed by another center's SID (e.g., Northeast Fisheries Science Center [NEFSC] determinations were sent to Southwest Fisheries Science Center [SWFSC]), and differences are subsequently revisited. The revised determinations were subsequently reviewed by regional Scientific Review Groups (SRG) at their annual meeting, and final determinations are published"--Introduction.
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans and Pinnipeds Caught in Commercial Fisheries Off the Northeast US Coast 2013 written by Frederick W. Wenzel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to estimate annual levels of human-caused mortality and serious injury to marine mammal stocks (section 117) and to categorize commercial fisheries based on their level of incidental mortality and serious injury of marine mammals (section 118). Serious injury (SI) determination guidelines were developed at NMFS-convened workshops in 1997 and 2007 (Angliss and DeMaster 1998; Andersen et al. 2008) and in January 2012 the agency published new national guidelines for distinguishing serious from nonserious injuries of marine mammals (NMFS 2012). A serious injury is defined as an injury that is more likely than not to result in mortality. A major goal of the new guidelines was to establish national consistency and transparency in SI determinations. To implement the new guidelines, science center SI determination (SID) staff from each region review all documented marine mammal injury events on an annual basis. For this document, fisheries observer (OBS) and at-sea monitor (ASM) records are reviewed for incidentally-caught animals that were released/observed alive. Observer comments on the condition of released animals and any associated photographs are compared to specific injury categories described in the new guidelines' procedure manual and each event is assigned an injury determination. Once completed, the Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) SI small cetacean and pinniped determination table is independently reviewed by the Southwest Fisheries Science Center's (SWFSC) SID staff, the Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office (GARFO), and the Atlantic Scientific Review Group (SRG) before the SI determinations were finalized. This manuscript documents the SI determinations from the 2013 records"--Introduction. [doi:10.7289/V5HX19P4 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5HX19P4)]
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans Off the Southeast U S Coast 2014 written by Katherine Maze-Foley and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to distinguish between injuries to marine mammals that are serious and not serious. During 2012 NMFS issued a policy directive and procedural directives to establish a process for distinguishing serious from non-serious injuries (NMFS 2012a, b). This document summarizes serious injury determinations for small cetaceans in southeast U.S. waters during 2014. Data from various sources were assessed to compile this report. These sources include the NOAA National Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Database, the Marine Mammal Authorization Program (fisherman self-reports), incidental take reports (unauthorized research gear takes), fishery observer records (excluding the pelagic longline fishery), and opportunistic at-sea observations by NOAA and non-NOAA researchers, marine patrol, and private citizens. All instances in the data for which a small cetacean was released alive following a human-caused interaction, such as an entanglement in fishing gear or marine debris or a hooking, or observed alive at-sea entangled in fishing gear or debris, hooked, or boat struck, were evaluated"--Introduction and method. [doi:10.7289/V5/RD-PRBD-2016-07 (http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/RD-PRBD-2016-07)]
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans Off the Southeast U S Coast 2013 written by Katherine Maze-Foley and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to distinguish between injuries to marine mammals that are serious and not serious. During 2012 NMFS issued a policy directive and procedural directives to establish a process for distinguishing serious from non-serious injuries (NMFS 2012a, b). This document summarizes serious injury determinations for small cetaceans in southeast U.S. waters during 2013. The data included in this report came from various sources, including the NOAA National Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Database, incidental take reports (unauthorized research gear takes), fishery observer records (excluding the pelagic longline fishery), and opportunistic at-sea observations by NOAA and non-NOAA researchers, marine patrol, and private citizens. All instances in the data for which a small cetacean was released alive following a human interaction, such as an entanglement in fishing gear or marine debris or a hooking, or observed alive at-sea entangled in fishing gear or debris, hooked, or boat struck, were evaluated"--Introduction and method. [doi:10.7289/V5/RD-PRBD-2016-06 (http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/RD-PRBD-2016-06)]
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans Off the Southeast U S Coast 2012 written by Katherine Maze-Foley and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to distinguish between injuries to marine mammals that are serious and not serious. During 2012 NMFS issued a policy directive and procedural directives to establish a process for distinguishing serious from non-serious injuries (NMFS 2012a, b). This document summarizes serious injury determinations for small cetaceans in southeast U.S. waters during 2012. Data from various sources were assessed to compile this report. These sources include the NOAA National Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Database, the Marine Mammal Authorization Program (fisherman self-reports), incidental take reports (unauthorized research gear takes), fishery observer records (excluding the pelagic longline fishery), and opportunistic at-sea observations by NOAA and non-NOAA researchers, marine patrol, and private citizens. All instances in the data for which a small cetacean was released alive following a human interaction, such as an entanglement in fishing gear or marine debris or a hooking, or observed alive at-sea entangled in fishing gear or debris, hooked, or boat struck, were evaluated"--Introduction and method. [doi:10.7289/V5/RD-PRBD-2016-05 (http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/RD-PRBD-2016-05)]
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Small Cetaceans Off the Southeast U S Coast 2007 2011 written by Katherine Maze-Foley and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to distinguish between injuries to marine mammals that are serious and not serious. During 2012 NMFS issued a policy directive and procedural directives to establish a process for distinguishing serious from non-serious injuries (NMFS 2012a, b). This document summarizes serious injury determinations for small cetaceans in southeast U.S. waters for the 5-year period 2007-2011. The data included in this report came from various sources, including the NOAA National Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Database, the Marine Mammal Authorization Program (fisherman self-reports), incidental take reports (unauthorized research gear takes), fishery observer records (excluding the pelagic longline fishery), and opportunistic at-sea observations by NOAA and non-NOAA researchers, marine patrol, and private citizens. All instances in the data for which a small cetacean was released alive following a human interaction, such as an entanglement in fishing gear or marine debris or a hooking, or observed alive at-sea entangled in fishing gear or debris, hooked, or boat struck, were evaluated"--Introduction and method. [doi:10.7289/V5/RD-PRBD-2016-04 (http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/RD-PRBD-2016-04)]
Download or read book Marine Mammal Welfare written by Andy Butterworth and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine mammals attract human interest – sometimes this interest is benign or positive – whale watching, conservation programmes for whales, seals, otters, and efforts to clear beaches of marine debris are seen as proactive steps to support these animals. However, there are many forces operating to affect adversely the lives of whales, seals, manatees, otters and polar bears – and this book explores how the welfare of marine mammals has been affected and how they have adapted, moved, responded and sometimes suffered as a result of the changing marine and human world around them. Marine mammal welfare addresses the welfare effects of marine debris, of human traffic in the oceans, of noise, of hunting, of whale watching and tourism, and of some of the less obvious impacts on marine mammals – on their social structures, on their behaviours and migration, and also of the effects on captivity for animals kept in zoos and aquaria. There is much to think and talk about – how marine mammals respond in a world dramatically influenced by man, how are their social structures affected and how is their welfare impacted?
Download or read book Estimates of Cetacean and Pinniped Bycatch in Northeast and Mid Atlantic Bottom Trawl Fisheries 2008 2013 written by Marjorie Lyssikatos and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides bycatch mortality estimates for 10 species of small cetaceans and pinnipeds caught in Northeast (NEBT) and mid-Atlantic (MABT) bottom trawl fisheries during 2008-2013. Mean annual serious injuries and mortalities from the NEBT fishery were 1.40 (coefficient of variation [CV]=0.58) minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), 46.48 (CV=0.17) short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis), 0.43 (CV=0.79) Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus), 24.74 (CV=0.15) long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas), 3.10 (CV=0.50) harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), 69.60 (CV=0.13) Atlantic white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus), 3.96 (CV=0.63) offshore common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), 30.76 (CV=0.14) gray seals (Halichoerus grypus), 1.40 (CV=0.69) harp seals (Phagophilus groenlandicus), and 2.64 (CV=0.38) harbor seals (Phoca vitulina concolor). Mean annual serious injury and mortality in the MABT fishery were 179.81 (CV=0.14) shortbeaked common dolphins, 38.28 (CV=0.28) Risso's dolphins, 15.71 (CV=0.42) offshore common bottlenose dolphins, 28.06 (CV=0.39) gray seals, and 11.40 (CV=0.40) harbor seals. Mean annual serious injury and mortality estimates for 8 species described in this report are below their respective potential biological removal (PBR) levels. The 2 exceptions are gray and harp seals that have unknown PBRs. There was evidence of acoustic deterrent devices being used on bottom trawl gear primarily in the MABT fishery, resulting in higher bycatch rates for offshore bottlenose dolphin and Risso's dolphins when pingers were used. Observer reports show no evidence of continued use of pingers on bottom trawl gear since 2012. However, uncertainty exists on the use of pingers and their effect on bottom trawl bycatch rates given nonsystematic data collection by fisheries observers on pinger usage in NEBT and MABT fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic region. [doi:10.7289/V5348HB4 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5348HB4)]
Download or read book Injury Determinations for Cetaceans Observed Interacting with Hawaii and American Samoa Longline Fisheries During 2007 2011 written by Amanda L. Bradford and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cetacean interactions (i.e., hookings and entanglements) with the Hawaii and American Samoa longline fisheries observed during 2007 - 2011 were compiled, and the number of cetacean deaths, serious injuries, and non-serious injuries by fishery, species, and management area were assessed. These values form the basis of the mortality and serious injury estimates included in the stock assessment reports of stocks impacted by these fisheries. Injury determinations were made using a revised process for distinguishing serious from non-serious injuries (National Marine Fisheries Service, 2012). In the Hawaii deep-set fishery, 50 cetacean interactions were observed from 2007 to 2011; most involved false killer whales (48.0%), resulted in death or serious injury (73.5%), and occurred outside the U.S. exclusive economic zone, or EEZ (54.0%). In the Hawaii shallow-set fishery, 46 cetacean interactions were observed from 2007 to 2011; most involved Risso's dolphins (45.7%), resulted in death or serious injury (77.2%), and occurred outside the U.S. EEZ (91.3%). In the American Samoa deep-set fishery, 14 cetacean interactions were observed from 2007 to 2011; most involved rough-toothed dolphins (42.9%), resulted in death or serious injury (92.9%), and occurred within the U.S. EEZ (85.7%).
Download or read book Injury Determinations for Cetaceans Observed Interacting with Hawaii and American Samoa Longline Fisheries During 2008 2012 written by Amanda L. Bradford and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cetacean interactions (i.e., hookings and entanglements) with the Hawaii and American Samoa longline fisheries observed during 2008 - 2012 were compiled, and the number of cetacean deaths, serious injuries, and non-serious injuries by fishery, species, and management area were assessed. These values form the basis of the mortality and serious injury estimates included in the stock assessment reports of stocks impacted by these fisheries. Injury determinations were made using a revised process for distinguishing serious from non-serious injuries (National Marine Fisheries Service, 2012). In the Hawaii deep-set fishery, 47 cetacean interactions were observed from 2008 to 2012; most involved false killer whales (48.9%), resulted in death or serious injury (74.5%), and occurred outside the U.S. exclusive economic zone, or EEZ (53.2%). In the Hawaii shallow-set fishery, 43 cetacean interactions were observed from 2008 to 2012; most involved Risso's dolphins (41.9%), resulted in death or serious injury (67.4%), and occurred outside the U.S. EEZ (90.7%). In the American Samoa deep-set fishery, 14 cetacean interactions were observed from 2008 to 2012; most involved rough-toothed dolphins (42.9%), resulted in death or serious injury (92.9%), and occurred within the U.S. EEZ (85.7 %).
Download or read book The Marine Mammals of the Gulf of Mexico written by Bernd G. Würsig and published by W. L. Moody JR. Natural Histor. This book was released on 2000 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given in honor of District Governor Hugh Summers and Mrs. Ahnise Summers by the Rotary Club of Aggieland with matching support from the Sara and John H. Lindsey '44 Fund, Texas A & M University Press, 2004.
Download or read book Overview of mitigation measures to reduce the incidental catch of vulnerable species in fisheries written by Sacchi, J. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potentially harmful contact between fisheries and marine vulnerable species represents a global conservation issue and efforts to mitigate the negative repercussions of these interactions belong in strategies for ensuring the sustainability of fisheries. This literature review offers a survey of mitigation measures and techniques that have been developed and tested around the world, aiming to address both the incidental catch of highly mobile species – specifically, cetaceans, seabirds, sharks and rays, and sea turtles – and depredation caused by dolphins. Based on research detailed in over 300 documents, including peer-reviewed publications, reports from international organizations and papers available on the internet, most of the mitigation techniques illustrated are still under development, with only a few already adopted through legislation. The selected mitigation measures are grouped by main types of fishing gear – gillnets and trammel nets, longlines and lines, trawls, purse seines, traps and pots – and further subdivided according to which of the four main groups of vulnerable species – cetaceans, seabirds, sharks and rays, or sea turtles – they are designed to protect. Preventive and curative approaches covering both technical measures (gear modifications, strategies, as well as acoustic, visual, magnetic and chemosensory deterrents) and management measures are described.
Download or read book Serious Injury Determinations for Cetaceans Caught in Hawaii Longline Fisheries During 1994 2008 written by Karin A. Forney and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dolphins Whales and Porpoises written by Randall R. Reeves and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2003 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
