Download or read book Series on Emission Scenario Documents Use of aqueous film forming foams in firefighting written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) is intended to provide information on the sources, use patterns, and potential release and exposure pathways of non-volatile chemicals used in Aqueous Film-Forming Foams (AFFFs) in firefighting applications. The document presents standard approaches for estimating the environmental releases of and occupational exposures to chemicals used in AFFF.
Download or read book Treatability of Aqueous Film Forming Foams Used for Fire Fighting written by Ronald K. Kroop and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biodegradability of aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) used for fire fighting was evaluated in laboratory-scale activated sludge and trickling filter reactors at the Air Force Weapons Laboratory. Three AFFFs were evaluated: 'Light Water' FC-200 from 3M Company Aerowater 3 percent from National Foam Company; and Aerowater 6 percent, also from National Foam Company. Concentrations not to exceed 100 mg/1 of AFFF influent to the biological treatment process could be satisfactorily treated without affecting the performance of the process and with apparent detoxification of the AFFF. Adsoprtion of AFFFs onto activated carbon is practical. (Modified author abstract).
Download or read book Evaluation of Three Percent Aqueous Film Forming Foam AFFF Concentrates as Fire Fighting Agents written by Edwin J. Jablonski and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large-scale fire test program involving 20,000-square foot JP-4 fuel fires was conducted to evaluate the fire suppression effectiveness and compatibility of 3 percent Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) agents in Air Force fire fighting vehicles. Three commercially available 3 percent AFFF concentrates were tested in accordance with military specification MIL-F-24385B. Test results are summarized in Appendix A. As a result of these tests, an updated Revision C to this MIL SPEC has been accomplished with new requirements for both 3 percent and 6 percent AFFF extinguishing agents. (Author).
Download or read book Liquid Concentrate Firefighting Aqueous Film forming Foam AFFF written by Office des normes générales du Canada and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Firefighting Effectiveness of Aqueous film forming foam AFFF Agents written by George B. Geyer and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Aqueous Film Forming Foams AFFF on Deck Fires written by D. E Beene (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) concentrates were tested on the after tank deck of the Tank Vessel A.E. WATTS. It simulated a spill fire using marine diesel as the test fuel. The purpose of the testing was to evaluate the firefighting effectiveness of different AFFF concentrates and to determine whether 1% or 3% AFFF concentrates could be used to replace the 6% Military Specification AFFF concentrate used on board Coast Guard cutters. This replacement could reduce the weight and space required for AFFF storage or increase the overall time of firefighting effectiveness. The AFFF's tested were 3% and 6% AFFF concentrates meeting Military Specification MIL-F-24385, two commercial 3% AFFF concentrates, two polar solvent resistant 3% AFFF concentrates, and a 1% commercial AFFF concentrate. A secondary objective was to evaluate the firefighting effectiveness of the four nozzles used aboard Coast Guard cutters when using AFFF. The tests demonstrated that the 3% AFFF concentrates were as effective the 6% Military Specification AFFF concentrate in controlling and extinguishing deck fires, as well as in sealing around hot metal surfaces and in burnback resistance. The 1% AFFF concentrate had control and extiguishment times comparable to those of the 6% AFFF Military Specification concentrate, but it was the least acceptable AFFF because of its poor burnback resistance. The Coast Guard All Purpose (CGAP) nozzle and the Twin Agent Unit (TAU) nozzle had the longest control and extinguishment times while the Mechanical Foam Nozzle (MFN) and the Select-O-Flow (SFL) nozzle had the shortest control and extinguishment times.
Download or read book The Effects of Using Fire fighting Foams written by Bailey E. Knowlton and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Civil fire departments have traditionally only used aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) for combating industrial fuel fires. In recent years foams have increasingly been used for fire suppression purposes. As a result, forensic analysis of fire debris needs to be addressed in the context of emerging fire-fighting protocols. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the most commonly used method of analysis for fire debris when the presence of ignitable liquids is suspected. Previous arson-related research has focused on how well chromatographic and mass spectral data discriminate between burned materials and ignitable liquids in debris from a fire scene. Current research related to AFFFs is generally limited to its environmental impact. This study focuses on GC-MS data from various pyrolyzed material/ignitable liquid combinations, which have been extinguished with a variety of commercially available AFFFs, to evaluate the effect of AFFFs on interpretation of data during an arson investigation. The results obtained in this study suggest that forensic analysis may need to be updated to take into account the effect of foams and that certain foams appear to preserve more of the lighter weight hydrocarbon proportions of common accelerants as compared to water-extinguished fires.
Download or read book Fluorine free Foam F3 Application Techniques and Firefighting Tactics written by John P. Farley and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a high-level summary of the lessons learned during large-scale fire extinction validation tests conducted at the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD) – China Lake (CL) of five leading fluorine-free foam (F3) candidates for replacement of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF.) The report provides a detailed description of how to effectively fight fire in Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting (ARFF) type scenarios using the new F3 products.
Download or read book Norme Liquide Concentr moussant Formant Une Couche Aqueuse Extinctrice written by Canadian General Standards Board and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Future of Aqueous Film Forming Foam AFFF written by Ronald S. Sheinson and published by . This book was released on with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the properties of AFFF that provide for rapid and efficient fire extinguishment, highlights operational restrictions of employing AFFF for DoD applications, and critiques the requirements of MIL-F-24385F. Identifying and understanding the key parameters for successful AFFF extinguishment will guide development of replacement foams. Possible modification of specification requirements in MIL-F-24385F may engender broader options for possible compositions, thus increasing the likelihood of a successful AFFF alternative without sacrificing fire suppression performance.
Download or read book Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports written by Andrew H. Thalheimer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 173: Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports explores the potential environmental and health impacts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) typically found in aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs). The report describes methods that can be used to identify areas of potential concern at an airport and ways to implement management and remediation practices.
Download or read book A Comparative Analysis of Film Forming Flouroprotein Foam FFFP and Aqueous Film Forming Foam AFFF for Aircraft and Fire Fighting Services written by Joseph L. Scheffey and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Emergency Response Guidebook written by U.S. Department of Transportation and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-06-03 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.
Download or read book The cost of inaction written by Gretta Goldenman and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2019-03-17 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PFAS (per and polyfluoroalkylsubstances) are known to be extremely difficult to degrade in the environment and to be bioaccumulative and toxic. Exposure to PFAS is suspected to increase the risk of adverse health effects, such as impacts on the thyroid gland, the liver, fat metabolism and the immune system. This study estimates the socioeconomic costs that may result from impacts on human health and the environment from the use of PFAS. Better awareness of the costs and problems associated with PFAS exposure will assist decision-makers and the general public to make more efficient and timely risk management decisions. Findings indicate that the costs are substantial, with annual health-related costs estimated to 2.8 – 4.6 billion EUR for the Nordic countries and 52 – 84 billion EUR for all EEA countries. Overall non-health costs are estimated at 46 million – 11 billion EUR for the Nordic countries.Upon request the excel spreadsheets used for the monetarisation and valuation in this report can also be provided along with a guidance on how to use the estimation of costs for value transfer. Please contact any of the consultants or members of the steering group from the Swedish Chemicals Agency or the Danish Environmental Protection Agency if you are interested in receiving these excel spreadsheets.
Download or read book Per and polyfluorinated substances in the Nordic Countries written by Stefan Posner and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2013-06-19 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Tema Nord report presents a study based on open information and custom market research to review the most common perfluorinated substances (PFC) with less focus on PFOS and PFOA. The study includes three major parts:1) Identification of relevant per-and polyfluorinated substances and their use in various industrial sectors in the Nordic market by interviews with major players and database information; 2) Emissions to and occurence in the Nordic environment of the substances described in 1); 3) A summary of knowledge of the toxic effects on humans and the environment of substances prioritized in 2); There is a lack of physical chemical data, analystical reference substances, human and environmental occurrence and toxicology data, as well as market information regarding PFCs other than PFOA and PFOS and the current legislation cannot enforce disclosure of specific PFC substance information.
Download or read book EPA 600 F written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
