Download or read book Recoding Expansion of Decoding Rules Enriches Gene Expression written by John F. Atkins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature on recoding is scattered, so this superb book ?lls a need by prov- ing up-to-date, comprehensive, authoritative reviews of the many kinds of recoding phenomena. Between 1961 and 1966 my colleagues and I deciphered the genetic code in Escherichia coli and showed that the genetic code is the same in E. coli, Xenopus laevis, and guinea pig tissues. These results showed that the code has been c- served during evolution and strongly suggested that the code appeared very early during biological evolution, that all forms of life on earth descended from a c- mon ancestor, and thus that all forms of life on this planet are related to one another. The problem of biological time was solved by encoding information in DNA and retrieving the information for each new generation, for it is easier to make a new organism than it is to repair an aging, malfunctioning one. Subsequently, small modi?cations of the standard genetic code were found in certain organisms and in mitochondria. Mitochondrial DNA only encodes about 10–13 proteins, so some modi?cations of the genetic code are tolerated that pr- ably would be lethal if applied to the thousands of kinds of proteins encoded by genomic DNA.

Download or read book Coronavirus Replication and Reverse Genetics written by Luis Enjuanes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-10-25 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human coronaviruses caused the SARS epidemic that infected more than 8000 people, killing about ten percent of them in 32 countries. This book provides essential information on these viruses and the development of vaccines to control coronavirus infections.

Download or read book Multiplication of RNA Plant Viruses written by Chundi L. Mandahar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-05 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochemical studies on plant virus RNA replication have advanced considerably since 2000, primarily because of new genetic, molecular, biochemical, and enzymatic studies. This book generates understanding of multiplication of plus-sense RNA plant viruses, especially at molecular level. Certain virus-encoded essential proteins, nucleotide sequence motifs, and RNA secondary structures are central to virus RNA replication, which has a number of stages. Each is a complex phenomenon requiring specific factors and conditions.

Download or read book Handbook of Plant Virus Infections written by Edouard Kurstak and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 943 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taxonomy;non-enveloped RNA plant viruses;enveloped RNA plant viruses;elongated RNA plant viruses;DNA plant viruses;viroids of plants.

Download or read book Current Research Topics in Plant Virology written by Aiming Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-07 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topics covered in this book include RNA silencing and its suppression in plant virus infection, virus replication mechanisms, the association of cellular membranes with virus replication and movement, plant genetic resistance to viruses, viral cell-to-cell spread, long distance movement in plants, virus induced ER stress, virus diversity and evolution, virus-vector interactions, cross protection, geminiviruses, negative strand RNA viruses, viroids, and the diagnosis of plant viral diseases using next generation sequencing. This book was anticipated to help plant pathologists, scholars, professors, teachers and advanced students in the field with a comprehensive state-of-the-art knowledge of the subject.

Download or read book Structure and Physics of Viruses written by Mauricio G. Mateu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-04 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contemplates the structure, dynamics and physics of virus particles: From the moment they come into existence by self-assembly from viral components produced in the infected cell, through their extracellular stage, until they recognise and infect a new host cell and cease to exist by losing their physical integrity to start a new infectious cycle. (Bio)physical techniques used to study the structure of virus particles and components, and some applications of structure-based studies of viruses are also contemplated. This book is aimed first at M.Sc. students, Ph.D. students and postdoctoral researchers with a university degree in biology, chemistry, physics or related scientific disciplines who share an interest or are actually working on viruses. We have aimed also at providing an updated account of many important concepts, techniques, studies and applications in structural and physical virology for established scientists working on viruses, irrespective of their physical, chemical or biological background and their field of expertise. We have not attempted to provide a collection of for-experts-only reviews focused mainly on the latest research in specific topics; we have not generally assumed that the reader knows all of the jargon and all but the most recent and advanced results in each topic dealt with in this book. In short, we have attempted to write a book basic enough to be useful to M.Sc and Ph.D. students, as well as advanced and current enough to be useful to senior scientists with an interest in Structural and/or Physical Virology.

Download or read book Molecular Assembly in Natural and Engineered Systems written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-10-12 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores some of the most exciting recent advances in basic research on molecular assembly in natural and engineered systems and how this knowledge is leading to advances in the various fields. - This series provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and idea - Contributions from leading scholars and industry experts - Reference guide for researchers involved in molecular biology and related fields

Download or read book Plant Virology written by Roger Hull and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 1119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seminal text Plant Virology is now in its fifth edition. It has been 10 years since the publication of the fourth edition, during which there has been an explosion of conceptual and factual advances. The fifth edition of Plant Virology updates and revises many details of the previous edition while retaining the important earlier results that constitute the field's conceptual foundation. Revamped art, along with fully updated references and increased focus on molecular biology, transgenic resistance, aphid transmission, and new, cutting-edge topics, bring the volume up to date and maintain its value as an essential reference for researchers and students in the field. - Thumbnail sketches of each genera and family groups - Genome maps of all genera for which they are known - Genetic engineered resistance strategies for virus disease control - Latest understanding of virus interactions with plants, including gene silencing - Interactions between viruses and insect, fungal, and nematode vectors - Contains over 300 full-color illustrations

Download or read book Virus Induced Gene Silencing written by Annette Becker and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2013-02-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are amazing organisms to study, some are important sources for pharmaceuticals, and others can help to elucidate molecular mechanisms required for a plant’s development and its interactions with the biotic or abiotic environment. Functional genomics is vastly lagging behind the speed of genome sequencing as high-throughput gene function assays are difficult to design, specifically for non-model plants. Bioinformatics tools are useful for gene identification and annotation but are of limited value for predictions concerning gene functions as gene functions are uncovered best by experimental approaches. Virus-Induced-Gene-Silencing (VIGS) is an easy to use, fast, and reliable method to achieve down regulation of target gene expression. Virus-Induced Gene Silencing: Methods and Protocols provides detailed protocols for VIGS experiments in several plant species including model and non-model plants. Also included in this book are recently developed protocols for VIGS-derived microRNA production in the plant or protein over expression, as well as chapters devoted to summarizing the molecular mechanisms of VIGS action and the vector systems developed so far. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Virus-Induced Gene Silencing: Methods and Protocols serves as a valuable resource for researchers from diverse fields of plant biology interested in experimental approaches to analyzing gene functions.

Download or read book Viruses and Human Disease written by Ellen G. Strauss and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-09-21 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and updated, the new edition of this groundbreaking text integrates basic virology with pathophysiological conditions to examine the connection between virology and human disease. Most virology textbooks focus on the molecular biology involved without adequate reference to physiology. This text focuses on viruses that infect humans, domestic animals and vertebrates and is based on extensive course notes from James Strauss' virology class at the California Institute of Technology taught for over 30 years. Expertly depicting in color the molecular structure and replication of each virus, it provides an excellent overview for students and professionals interested in viruses as agents of human disease. - Includes over 30% new material - virtually all of the figures and tables have been redrawn to include the latest information and the text has been extensively rewritten to include the most up-to-date information - Includes a new chapter on emerging and reemerging viral diseases such as avian flu, SARS, the spread of West Nile virus across America, and the continuing spread of Nipah virus in Southeast Asia - Further reading sections at the end of each chapter make it easy find key references - World maps depicting the current distribution of existing and newly emerging viruses are also incorporated into the text

Download or read book Natural and Engineered Resistance to Plant Viruses written by Michael Buchmeier and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a group of illnesses that are caused by several distinct families of viruses. While some types of hemorrhagic fever viruses can cause relatively mild illnesses, many of these viruses cause severe life-threatening disease. Some examples include: Lassa fever, Marburg virus, Ebola virus, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, Korean hemorrhagic fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and Dengue hemorrhagic fever. No current treatment can cure viral hemorrhagic fevers, and immunizations exist for only two (yellow fever and Argentine hemorrhagic fever) of the many VHFs. Researchers are working to develop other vaccines, but in the meantime, the best approach is prevention. This volume will provide a review of what is known to date on these virus families as well as highlighting recent advances and future needs. Key features: * Provides comprehensive overview of what is known to date, recent advances and future needs * Examines transmission and risk factors * Highlights what has been done to help in outbreak control * Discusses the need for vaccines and antivirals

Download or read book The Picornaviruses written by Ellie Ehrenfeld and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2010-09-15 with total page 1039 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A springboard for developing new approaches to understanding, preventing, and treating picornaviral diseases. • Examines the most current breakthroughs as well as the challenges that lie ahead in picornavirus research; encapsulates current knowledge of the molecular biology, evolution, and pathogenesis of this large family of viruses; and, examines the diseases that these viruses cause and the latest vaccines and antiviral drugs to prevent and control those diseases. • Explores the structural and mechanistic bases of picornavirus replication, highlighting new insights about the host cell interactions needed for virus growth; and, illustrates how the regular occurrence of mutations, typical of viruses with RNA as genetic material, generates the quasispecies dynamics that underlie viral fitness. • Focuses on picornaviruses that cause disease, examining pathogenicity and innate and acquired immune responses against infection as well as the latest vaccine and antiviral drug strategies.

Download or read book Plant Resistance to Viruses written by David Evered and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern about the environmental consequences of the widespread use of pesticides has increased, and evidence of pesticide-resistant virus vectors have continued to emerge. This volume presents a timely survey of the mechanisms of plant resistance and examines current developments in breeding for resistance, with particular emphasis on advances in genetic engineering which allow for the incorporation of viral genetic material into plants. Discusses the mechanisms of innate resistance in strains of tobacco, tomato, and cowpea; various aspects of induced resistance, including the characterization and roles of the pathogenesis-related proteins; antiviral substances and their comparison with interferon; and cross-protection between plant virus strains. Also presents several papers which evaluate the status of genetic engineering as it relates to breeding resistant plants. Among these are discussions of the potential use of plant viruses as gene vectors, gene coding for viral coat protein, satellite RNA, and antisense RNA, and practical issues such as the durability of resistant crop plants in the field.

Download or read book Epitranscriptomics written by Stefan Jurga and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews a novel and exciting field of cellular and molecular biology called epitranscriptomics, which focuses on changes in an organism’s cells resulting from the posttranscriptional modification of cellular RNA. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a crucial role in these posttranscriptional modifications and also support several cellular processes necessary for maintaining RNA homeostasis. Exploring the mechanisms underlying RNA modifications and RBP function is an emerging area of biomedical research, taking the study of gene regulation a step beyond epigenetics. This book reveals that the RNA molecule is not just an information-carrying molecule with some secondary structures. Accordingly, how RNA is modified, regulated, packaged, and controlled is an important aspect. Leading experts address questions such as where the over 170 distinct posttranscriptional RNA modifications are located on the genome, what percentage of mRNAs and noncoding RNAs these modifications include, and how an RNA modification impacts a person’s biology. In closing, the book reviews the role of RNA modifications and RBPs in a variety of diseases and their pathogenesis. Addressing some of the most exciting challenges in epitranscriptomics, this book provides a valuable and engaging resource for researchers in academia and industry studying the phenomena of RNA modification.

Download or read book Viral Proteases and Their Inhibitors written by Satya Prakash Gupta and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viral Proteases and Their Inhibitors provides a thorough examination of viral proteases from their molecular components, to therapeutic applications. As information on three dimensional structures and biological functions of these viral proteases become known, unexpected protein folds and unique mechanisms of proteolysis are realized. This book investigates how this facilitates the design and development of potent antiviral agents used against life-threatening viruses. Users will find descriptions of each virus that detail the structure and function of viral proteases, discuss the design and development of inhibitors, and analyze the structure-activity relationships of inhibitors. This book is ideal biochemists, virologists and those working on antiviral agents. Provides comprehensive, state-of-the-art coverage of virus infections, the virus lifecycle, and mechanisms of protease inhibition Analyzes structure-activity relationships of inhibitors of each viral protease Presents an in-depth view of the structure and function of viral proteases

Download or read book Viroids and Satellites written by Ahmed Hadidi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-18 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viroids and Satellites describes plant diseases and their causal agents while also addressing the economic impact of these diseases. The book discusses various strategies for state-of-the-art methods for the detection and control of pathogens in their infected hosts and provides pivotal information from the discovery of viroids through the analysis of their molecular and biological properties, to viroid pathogenesis, host interactions, and RNA silencing pathways. Students, researchers and regulators will find this to be a comprehensive resource on the topics presented. - Provides coverage of the basic biological properties of disease, along with applied knowledge - Features economic impacts, transmission, geographical distribution, epidemiology, detection, and control within each chapter - Organizes viroid diseases by viroid taxonomy and viroid species

Download or read book Recent Developments in Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry written by Viswanath Buddolla and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Developments in Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry, Vol. 2, provides a comprehensive treatment and understanding on application oriented microbial concepts, giving readers insights into recent developments in microbial biotechnology and medical, agricultural and environmental microbiology. - Discusses microbial proteome analyses and their importance in medical microbiology - Explores emerging trends in the prevention of current global health problems, such as cancer, obesity and immunity - Shows recent approaches in the production of novel enzymes from environmental samples by enrichment culture and metagenomics approaches - Guides readers through the status and recent developments in analytical methods for the detection of foodborne microorganisms