Download or read book Separation of Lanthanides and Actinides Using Ion Exchange Mining and Nuclear Applications written by Maxime Courchesne and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Résumé en anglais
Download or read book Chromatographic Separation of the Lanthanide and Actinide Elements written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Separation Technologies and Related Methods of Nuclear Waste Management written by Gregory R. Choppin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-02-28 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Separation technologies are of crucial importance to the goal of significantly reducing the volume of high-level nuclear waste, thereby reducing the long-term health risks to mankind. International co-operation, including the sharing of concepts and methods, as well as technology transfer, is essential in accelerating research and development in the field. The writers of this book are all internationally recognised experts in the field of separation technology, well qualified to assess and criticize the current state of separation research as well as to identify future opportunities for the application of separation technologies to the solution of nuclear waste management problems. The major emphases in the book are research opportunities in the utilization of innovative and potentially more efficient and cost effective processes for waste processing/treatment, actinide speciation/separation methods, technological processing, and environmental restoration.
Download or read book Separation of the Lanthanides by Ion Exchange with Alpha hydroxy Isobutyric Acid written by G. R. Choppin and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Ion Exchange Study of Possible Hybridized 5f Bonding in the Actinides written by R. M. Diamond and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study has been made of the elution behavior of curium(III), americium(III), plutonium(III), actinium(III), plutonium(IV), neptunium(IV), uraniuM(IV), thorium(IV), neptunium(V), plutonium (VI), uranium (VI), lanthanum(III), cerium(III), europium(III), ytterbium(III), ytterium(III), strontium(II), barium(II), radium(II), cesium(I) with 3.2 M, 6.2 M, 9.3 M, and 12.2 M HCl solutions from Dowex-50 cation exchange resin columns. These elutions show that in high concentrations of hydrochloric acid the actinides form complex ions with chloride ion to a much greater extent than the lanthanides. The strengths of the tripositive actinide complex ions apparently go in the order plutonium > americium> curium, although their ionic radii also decrease in this same order. To explain these results, a partial covalent character may be ascribed to the bonding in the transuranium complex ions. It is shown that a reasonable structure for such covalent bonding involves hybridization of the 5f orbitals in the actinide elements.
Download or read book Interactions of Trivalent Lanthanides and Actinides with Solid Phase Extractants written by Jennifer Anne Shusterman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to successfully sequester and separate trivalent lanthanides and actinides has applications to the nuclear fuel cycle, processing of irradiated target materials, and nuclear forensics. The challenge in separating the trivalent lanthanides and actinides is their similar size and charge. As a result of this, standard size exclusion or ion exchange techniques become much more challenging. Instead of focusing on size or charge for separation, their differences in interactions with complexing ligands can be utilized. Another challenge in trivalent lanthanide and actinide separations is that these metals are often dissolved in highly acidic matrices. Thus, the stability of the extractant ligand used to complex the metal is at risk of degradation. The most common sequestration and separation routes based on complex formation for lanthanides and actinides use liquid-liquid separations, which can generate large volumes of hazardous organic waste. By moving to solid-liquid separations, in which the organic phase is replaced by a solid-phase extractant (SPE), the production of large volumes of waste can be minimized. The most common method of making SPEs for lanthanide and actinide separations is coating an organic extractant ligand on either a silica or polymer support. As a result of only coating the ligand rather than bonding it to the solid support, these materials can suffer from ligand degradation and detachment. Chapter 5 focuses on trivalent lanthanide and actinide interactions with a commercially available SPE. While those materials were found to have use for certain applications, their limitations motivated the organically-modified mesoporous silica (OMMS) development presented in Chapter 7. The work presented here is a study on solid-phase extractants for lanthanide and actinide separations, particularly focused on OMMS. The OMMS materials are made by covalently binding the extractant ligand to the mesoporous silica, to increase the stability of these SPEs in the presence of acidic media. Chapters 6 and 7 discuss the synthesis and characterization of two types of OMMS materials as well as macroscopic and molecular level studies of these materials with trivalent lanthanides and actinides. Additionally, the stability of the OMMS materials in the presence of acid was probed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The first OMMS material discussed is a caprolactam (CA)-modified mesoporous silica. The behavior of Eu(III), Sc(III), and Al(III) was studied with the CA-modified mesoporous silica. Al and Sc were studied as comparative trivalent metals that had smaller ionic radii than Eu. The results of batch sorption experiments and mainly solid-state NMR spectroscopy studies are presented. The acid stability studies showed that the CA-modified mesoporous silica degraded in two ways in the presence of acid: 1) the 7-membered ring of the ligand opened, and 2) a portion of the isolated ligands on the surface were cleaved at the silane anchor. It was determined that while the CA materials were not effective sorbents for Eu(III) from acidic matrices, they did bind Al(III) and Sc(III). Through the NMR studies, both Al and Sc were found to complex to the CA ligand and the surface silanols simultaneously. This work was the first time solid-state NMR had been used to study the surface, ligand, and metals directly of OMMS materials via their NMR active nuclei (29Si, 13C, 1H, 27Al, and 45Sc). The second OMMS material studied was a diglycolamide (DGA)-modified mesoporous silica. The main focus of this work was the interactions of the DGA-modified mesoporous silica with Eu(III) and Am(III), but also touched on other trivalent species such as La(III), Lu(III), and Y(III). Again, the stability of this material in the presence of acid was investigated using NMR spectroscopy and while the DGA ligand was found to withstand acid treatment, the isolated ligand cleavage at the silane anchor still occurred. The DGA-modified mesoporous silica was found to efficiently bind the trivalent species at high acid concentrations, particularly below pH 1. As a result of the mesoporous substrate and subsequently high ligand loading for the associated mass, the sorption capacity for Eu(III) (379 umol/g) was found to be higher than other diglycolamide SPEs. Through infrared spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy experiments, the trivalent metals were found to bind to the carbonyl and ether oxygens of the DGA ligand. Fluorescence spectroscopy of Eu(III) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies elucidated that the trivalent metals are complexing as three ligands per metal center. Proof-of-concept column experiments demonstrate the use of DGA-modified mesoporous silica as a stationary phase to which Eu was both sorbed and then eluted. A major focus of this work was the interplay of macroscopic and molecular level studies to best characterize metal interactions with OMMS materials. While both the bulk and molecular level investigations can provide information about these systems, neither gives the full picture in itself. In designing materials for separations, knowledge of the complete picture is necessary in order to best optimize methodologies and predict separation behavior.
Download or read book Lanthanides And Actinides The Synthesis Reactivity Properties And Applications written by Stephen T Liddle and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lanthanides and Actinides: Synthesis, Reactivity, Properties and Applications constitutes an introduction to and comprehensive coverage of f-block chemistry encompassing the following areas: periodicity, natural occurrence and extraction, separations, electronic structure, coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, small molecule activation, catalysis, organic synthesis applications, magnetism, spectroscopy, computation, materials, photonics, solar cell technology, biological imaging, and technological applications. Under these subject areas the book provides a broad but deep coverage, providing basic overviews as well as detailed chapters on specific areas.This book, targeted at academics, postgraduates and advanced undergraduates, will serve as an ideal introductory text and key reference work to the Lanthanides and Actinides.
Download or read book Separations Chemistry written by Fedor Macá¿ek and published by . This book was released on 2016-06-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GLAM
Download or read book Actinide and Lanthanide Species in Ionic Liquid and in Supercritical CO2 written by Yu-Jung Liao and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When UO2 and Nd2 O3 are dissolved in [Bmim][Tf2 N] containing TBP(HNO3 )1.8 (H 2 O)0.6 , the major uranyl and neodymium species are identified to be UO2 (NO3 )2 (TBP)2 and Nd(NO 3 )3 (TBP)3 in the IL phase, respectively. The solubilities and distribution ratios of UO2 (NO3 )2 (TBP) 2 and Nd(NO3 )3 (TBP)3 in sc-CO 2 phase are also measured by a high-pressure fiber-optic cell connected to a CCD array detector. The separation of uranyl and neodymium species from IL phase to sc-CO2 phase can be achieved by ligand exchange with a N,N,N'N'-tetrabutyldiglycolamide (TBDGA) in the IL solution. Complexes of (UO2 )2+ and Nd3+ with TBDGA are not soluble in sc-CO2 and Nd3+ forms a stronger complex with TBDGA than (UO2 )2+ in [Bmim][Tf2 N]. Competition between (UO2 )2+ and Nd3+ in this ligand exchange process provides a means for separation of UO 2 (NO3 )2 (TBP)2 and Nd(NO3 ) 3 (TBP)3 in the IL/sc-CO2 coupled extraction process. With a proper ratio of TBDGA to uranium and neodymium, the separation factor of [UO22+ ]/[Nd3+ ] can be as large as about 50. The IL/sc-CO2 hyphenated extraction techniques described in this dissertation may have potential applications in dissolution/extraction/separation of lanthanides and actinides existed in spent nuclear fuel and other nuclear wastes.
Download or read book Extraction Chromatography written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1975-06-01 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extraction Chromatography
Download or read book Actinide Separations written by James D. Navratil and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analytical Chemistry of the Actinide Elements written by Alfred J. Moses and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical Chemistry of the Actinide Elements presents a number of pertinent techniques for the analysis of actinides and provides sufficient information to guide the analyst in modifying procedures to meet special situations. The book begins with an introductory chapter on the discovery of elements 89-103, their oxidation state, and their electronic configuration. Information is provided on the safe handling of radioactive materials (all actinides are radioactive). The use of nuclear techniques in determining trace concentrations of actinides has led to the inclusion of chapters dealing with nuclear instrumentation and nuclear methods. Topics discussed include the preliminary treatment of samples; separations; emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry; electrochemical, x-ray, and fluorimetric methods; isotopic analysis of uranium and some other actinides; and non-instrumental methods. Thus, the analytical chemist, if he is not already familiar with these techniques, is indoctrinated in a basic amount of nucleonics, to aid him in analyzing unusual materials with unusual techniques.
Download or read book APPLICATION OF HIGH PRESSURE ION EXCHANGE COLUMN TO THE SEPARATION OF TRIVALENT ACTINIDES AND LANTHANIDES written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ion Exchange Technologies written by Ayben Kilislioglu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-11-07 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains information about the technological development of ion exchange in their application for industrial processes. Widely used and well known fields of ion exchange like chromatography and electromembrane technology are described in this book with experimental details. Designing new materials for nanotechnology and nanomaterials as ion exchanger are also explained by experimental proofs. Ion exchange book is suitable not only for postgraduate students but also for researchers in chemistry, biochemistry and chemical technology.
Download or read book Fundamentals and Applications of Anion Separations written by Bruce A. Moyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-06-17 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents the proceedings of the symposium "Fundamentals and Applications of Anion Separations" held during American Chemical Society National Meeting in Chicago, Illinois, August 25-30, 200I. Nearly 40 papers devoted to discussions on anion separation related to fundamental research and applications were presented. The symposium, sponsored by Osram Sylvania, BetzDearbom, and the Separation Science & Technology Subdivision of the Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society was organized by Bruce A. Moyer, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building. 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, and Raj P. Singh, Chemicals and Powders R&D, Osram Sylvania, Chemical and Metallurgical Products Division, Towanda, PA 18848. It drew presenters from Australia, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Japan, South Africa, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Separations constitute an integral part of chemical industry. Chemical products typically originate in resources that must be concentrated and purified, chemically transformed, and subjected to fmal purification. Effluent streams from the processes must be treated to recycle reusable components and to remove environmentally harmful species. Some industrial processes are devoted to environmental cleanup after pollution has occurred. In addition, many analytical methods require a separation for preconcentration, or a separation may be an inherent part of the analysis itself. Micro separations occurring at membranes or interfaces are also related phenomena employed for ion sensing. Many species targeted for separation are naturally anionic. Although the standard separations techniques ofextraction, ion exchange, adsorption, precipitation, etc.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reprocessing and Recycling of Spent Nuclear Fuel written by Robin Taylor and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-04-18 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprocessing and Recycling of Spent Nuclear Fuel presents an authoritative overview of spent fuel reprocessing, considering future prospects for advanced closed fuel cycles. Part One introduces the recycling and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, reviewing past and current technologies, the possible implications of Generation IV nuclear reactors, and associated safely and security issues. Parts Two and Three focus on aqueous-based reprocessing methods and pyrochemical methods, while final chapters consider the cross-cutting aspects of engineering and process chemistry and the potential for implementation of advanced closed fuel cycles in different parts of the world. - Expert introduction to the recycling and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel - Detailed overview of past and current technologies, the possible implications of Generation IV nuclear reactors, and associated safely and security issues - A lucid exploration of aqueous-based reprocessing methods and pyrochemical methods
