Download or read book Sensitivity of Planetary Boundary Layer to Varying Volumetric Soil Moisture A Mesoscale Models Comparision written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comparison between two Mesoscale models, Colorado State University Regional Atmospheric Model System (RAMS) version 4.4 coupled with the Land-Ecosystem- Atmosphere Feedback Model (LEAF2) and Penn State/NCAR's Mesoscale Model (MM5) coupled with NOAH Land Surface Model, was conducted in order to assess the sensitivity of forecasted boundary layer variables to anomalous volumetric soil moistures. The study elaborates on the findings of Quintanar et al. (2008) using the study's experimental design as a template for our numerical model comparison. The experiments were conducted using the same synoptic events examined by Quintanar et al. (2008): June 11, June 17 and June 22, 2006. For each event, six simulations were conducted with RAMS and MM5 in which volumetric soil moisture was increase and decreased by 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 m3m-3. The simulations were initialized with 1x1 degree FNL-Reanalysis data and a horizontal grid resolution of 12km. Each resulting simulation was individually analyzed. Overall, RAMS simulations presented a greater sensitivity and variability when forecasting precipitation and PBL parameters. Both models were able to capture the distribution and accumulation of precipitation with respect to NARR for the CTRL runs. However, during the sensitivity studies, RAMS fails to accurately position precipitation and other parameters such as equivalent potential temperature and vertical wind.
Download or read book Tests of a Mesoscale Model Coupled with a Boundary Layer soil Model written by George Modica and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A meso-beta grid point model with a detailed microphysics parameterization of warm-cold processes is briefly described. The model is initialized with a mesoscale data set beginning 12Z on 27 March 1982 at a location centered over north-central Texas. Parameters from subsequent 6-h forecasts are compared with observations. Velocity, temperature and moisture parameters generally appeared to be forecast well. The model was additionally run without any pBL/soil model physics to evaluate the effect that the processes have on the forecast. The most noticeable effects were observed near the surface where forecast temperatures were too cold and wind were too high. This run also yielded about 20-50 percent less precipitation. The model's soil physics parameterization appears to be essential to represent realistically the supply to the lower atmosphere of the moisture necessary for the precipitating clouds. Sensitivity tests with the PBL/soil model revealed that, at least for this case, the effect of soil moisture on ground temperature is approximately as important as the effect of clouds on ground temperature. However, when the effects of clouds were removed from the model atmosphere, the ground temperature and PBL height tended to exhibit unusual oscillations. The reasons for this are not yet known.
Download or read book Evaluation of MM5 Forecasts of Near Surface Parameters Sensitivity to Land Surface Parameterization and Planetary Boundary Layer Schemes written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The specific purpose of the research is to evaluate the performance of the MM5 model in the forecasting of near-surface parameters, such as 2-meter temperature, 2-meter dew point, and 1000-850 mb thickness. The evaluation will include a comparison of the MM5 against the Eta model, and a comparison of the forecasting skill of the MM5 with three different land-surface parameterization schemes. Three different soil moisture scaling techniques will be applied to the MM5, and their forecasts will be evaluated against observations taken from 7-9 December 2001. The MM5 displayed an inability to capture the full magnitude of the diurnal cycle of 2-meter temperature and dew point. The Eta model performed better than the MM5 in the forecasts of near-surface parameters. The MM5 forecasts of near-surface parameters can be improved by adjusting the vertical profile of the soil moisture in the model initial conditions. By removing soil moisture from the initial conditions of the MM5, a more realistic Bowen ratio was simulated, leading to an improved forecast of the diurnal cycle of temperature and dew point. The results of this research suggest that the cause of the damped diurnal cycle in the MM5 forecasts may be inadequate ventilation of the upper planetary boundary layer, an inaccurate representation of surface evapotranspiration, or incorrect assignment of soil type and land use categories.
Download or read book Atmospheric Controls on Soil Moisture boundary Layer Interactions written by Kirsten Lynn Findell and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Value of Point scale Measurements of Soil Moisture in Planetary Boundary Layer Simulations written by Jeffrey Brent Basara and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by J. R. Garratt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-04-21 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.
Download or read book Journal of Hydrometeorology written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling written by Roger A. Pielke and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To effectively utilize mesoscale dynamical simulations of the atmosphere, it is necessary to have an understanding the basic physical and mathematical foundations of the models and to have an appreciation of how a particular atmospheric system works. Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling provides such an overview of mesoscale numerical modeling. Starting with fundamental concepts, this text can be used to evaluate the scientific basis of any simulation model that has been or will be developed. Basic material is provided for the beginner as well as more in-depth treatment for the specialist. This text is useful to both the practitioner and the researcher of the mesoscale phenomena.
Download or read book Advances in Environmental Science and Engineering written by James R. Pfafflin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1979 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of Russia's philosophical heritage. It extends from the Slavophiles to the philosophers of the Silver Age, from emigre religious thinkers to Losev and Bakhtin and assesses the meaning for Russian culture as a whole.
Download or read book Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radiative Processes in Meteorology and Climatology written by G. W. Paltridge and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1976 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles of Environmental Physics written by John Monteith and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1990-02-15 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly revised and up-dated edition of a highly successful textbook.
Download or read book Urban Meteorology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-13 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the United Nations, three out of five people will be living in cities worldwide by the year 2030. The United States continues to experience urbanization with its vast urban corridors on the east and west coasts. Although urban weather is driven by large synoptic and meso-scale features, weather events unique to the urban environment arise from the characteristics of the typical urban setting, such as large areas covered by buildings of a variety of heights; paved streets and parking areas; means to supply electricity, natural gas, water, and raw materials; and generation of waste heat and materials. Urban Meteorology: Forecasting, Monitoring, and Meeting Users' Needs is based largely on the information provided at a Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate community workshop. This book describes the needs for end user communities, focusing in particular on needs that are not being met by current urban-level forecasting and monitoring. Urban Meteorology also describes current and emerging meteorological forecasting and monitoring capabilities that have had and will likely have the most impact on urban areas, some of which are not being utilized by the relevant end user communities. Urban Meteorology explains that users of urban meteorological information need high-quality information available in a wide variety of formats that foster its use and within time constraints set by users' decision processes. By advancing the science and technology related to urban meteorology with input from key end user communities, urban meteorologists can better meet the needs of diverse end users. To continue the advancement within the field of urban meteorology, there are both short-term needs-which might be addressed with small investments but promise large, quick returns-as well as future challenges that could require significant efforts and investments.
Download or read book Data Assimilation for Atmospheric Oceanic and Hydrologic Applications Vol II written by Seon Ki Park and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the most recent progress in data assimilation in meteorology, oceanography and hydrology including land surface. It spans both theoretical and applicative aspects with various methodologies such as variational, Kalman filter, ensemble, Monte Carlo and artificial intelligence methods. Besides data assimilation, other important topics are also covered including targeting observation, sensitivity analysis, and parameter estimation. The book will be useful to individual researchers as well as graduate students for a reference in the field of data assimilation.
Download or read book Clouds and Climate written by A. Pier Siebesma and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive overview of research on clouds and their role in our present and future climate, for advanced students and researchers.
Download or read book Meteorological and Air Quality Models for Urban Areas written by Alexander Baklanov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-26 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book for the first time gives an overall view of the current situation in urbanization of meteorological and air quality models around the world. It discusses and makes recommendations on the best practice and strategy for urbanization of different types of meteorological and air quality models. Based on the selected presentations given at the COST728 workshop, the contributions are arranged in four parts: urban morphology and databases; parameterizations of urban canopy; strategy for urbanization of different types of models; and evaluation and city case studies / field studies. The chapters treat either dynamic (on wind and turbulent) and thermal effects (on temperature and energy in general). The final chapter of this volume summarizes the discussion and conclusions from the four main topics and provides recommendations and future requirements. This monograph is oriented towards numerical weather prediction and air quality modelling communities.
Download or read book Grouping of Soils on the Basis of Mechanical Analysis written by Royall Oscar Eugene Davis and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
