Download or read book Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analyses of Contaminant Fate and Transport in a Field scale Subsurface System written by Jinjun Wang and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health scientists often rely on simulation models to reconstruct groundwater contaminant exposure data for retrospective epidemiologic studies. Due to the nature of historical reconstruction process, there are inevitably uncertainties associated with the input data and, therefore, with the final results of the simulation models, potentially adversely impacting related epidemiologic investigations. This study examines the uncertainties associated with the historically reconstructed contaminant fate and transport simulations for an epidemiologic study conducted at U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. To achieve an efficient uncertainty analysis, sensitivity analysis was first conducted to identify the critical uncertain variables, which were then adopted in the uncertainty analysis using an improved Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method. Particularly, uncertainties associated with the historical contaminant arrival time were evaluated. To quantify the uncertainties in an efficient manner, a procedure identified as Pumping Schedule Optimization System (PSOpS) was developed to obtain the extreme (i.e., earliest and latest) contaminant arrival times caused by pumping schedule variations. Two improved nonlinear programming methodsRank-and-Assign (RAA) and Improved Gradient (IG)are used in PSOpS to provide computational efficiency. Furthermore, a quantitative procedure named Pareto Dominance based Critical Realization Identification (PDCRI) was developed to screen out critical realizations for contaminant transport in subsurface system, so that the extreme contaminant arrival times under multi-parameter uncertainties could be evaluated efficiently.

Download or read book Reliabilitybased uncertainty analysis of groundwater contaminant transport and remediation written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling written by Chunmiao Zheng and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1995-08-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling Theory and Practice Chunmiao Zheng and Gordon D. Bennett The design of remedial systems for groundwater contamination requires a thorough understanding of how various interacting processes — advection, dispersion, and chemical reactions — influence the movement and fate of contaminants. Solute transport simulation provides an ideal vehicle to synthesize these controlling processes, evaluate their interactions, and test the effectiveness of remedial measures. Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling is the first complete resource designed to provide clear coverage of the basic principles of solute transport simulation — including the theory behind the most common numerical techniques for solving transport equations, and step-by-step guidance on the development and use of field-scale models. Written by two experts with extensive practical experience in the field, Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling clearly explains: Factors controlling the transport and fate of solutes in the subsurface —g including advective and dispersive transport and chemical reaction — and the equations governing these processes Development of mathematical models of solute transport regimes and representative analytical solutions to the transport equation Particle tracking as a practical tool for solving many types of field problems Development of Eulerian-Lagrangian methods for solving advection-dispersion-reaction equations Step-by-step development and application of solute transport models — emphasizing problem formulation, model setup, parameter selection, calibration, and sensitivity analysis Sources of uncertainty in transport simulation, and methods of evaluating and managing uncertainty Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling presents detailed case histories illustrating how hydrologists, geologists, chemists, and environmental engineers apply transport models in real-life situations, including landfills, hazardous waste sites, and contaminated aquifers. An optional diskette designed to accompany the text provides software to help the reader explore the concepts and techniques presented in the text and gain hands-on experience in transport simulation. Driven by growing concern over groundwater quality and the rapid dissemination of computer technology, solute transport simulation has become an essential means of evaluating and solving groundwater contamination and remediation problems. Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling provides you with the tools to master this significant field of study.

Download or read book Fate and Transport of Subsurface Pollutants written by Pankaj Kumar Gupta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-20 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers detailed information on the behaviour of various water pollutants, and on the principles and concepts of groundwater flow and transport. It will help readers to understand and execute the planning, supervision, and review of solute transport and groundwater modeling projects. The book also discusses the role and fate of elements that have been identified as major contaminants in surface and subsurface waters, and their adverse effects on ecology and human health. The book explores this theme throughout four sections – a. Understanding Soil-Water Systems, b. Fate and Transport of Pollutants, c. Physico-Chemical Treatment of Wastewater and d. Microbial Techniques Used to Decontaminate Soil-Water Systems. Introducing readers to a range of recent advances concerning the fundamentals of subsurface water treatment, it offers a valuable guide for teachers, researchers, policymakers, and undergraduate and graduate students of hydrology, environmental microbiology, biotechnology and the environmental sciences. It also provides field engineers and industrial practitioners with essential support in the effective remediation and management of polluted sites.

Download or read book External Peer Review Team Report Underground Testing Area Subproject for Frenchman Flat Revision 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An external peer review was conducted to review the groundwater models used in the corrective action investigation stage of the Underground Test Area (UGTA) subproject to forecast zones of potential contamination in 1,000 years for the Frenchman Flat area. The goal of the external peer review was to provide technical evaluation of the studies and to assist in assessing the readiness of the UGTA subproject to progress to monitoring activities for further model evaluation. The external peer review team consisted of six independent technical experts with expertise in geology, hydrogeology, '''groundwater modeling, and radiochemistry. The peer review team was tasked with addressing the following questions: 1. Are the modeling approaches, assumptions, and model results for Frenchman Flat consistent with the use of modeling studies as a decision tool for resolution of environmental and regulatory requirements? 2. Do the modeling results adequately account for uncertainty in models of flow and transport in the Frenchman Flat hydrological setting? a. Are the models of sufficient scale/resolution to adequately predict contaminant transport in the Frenchman Flat setting? b. Have all key processes been included in the model? c. Are the methods used to forecast contaminant boundaries from the transport modeling studies reasonable and appropriate? d. Are the assessments of uncertainty technically sound and consistent with state-of-the-art approaches currently used in the hydrological sciences? 3. Are the datasets and modeling results adequate for a transition to Corrective Action Unit monitoring studies--the next stage in the UGTA strategy for Frenchman Flat? The peer review team is of the opinion that, with some limitations, the modeling approaches, assumptions, and model results are consistent with the use of modeling studies for resolution of environmental and regulatory requirements. The peer review team further finds that the modeling studies have accounted for uncertainty in models of flow and transport in the Frenchman Flat except for a few deficiencies described in the report. Finally, the peer review team concludes that the UGTA subproject has explored a wide range of variations in assumptions, methods, and data, and should proceed to the next stage with an emphasis on monitoring studies. The corrective action strategy, as described in the Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order, states that the groundwater flow and transport models for each corrective action unit will consider, at a minimum, the following: Alternative hydrostratigraphic framework models of the modeling domain. Uncertainty in the radiological and hydrological source terms. Alternative models of recharge. Alternative boundary conditions and groundwater flows. Multiple permissive sets of calibrated flow models. Probabilistic simulations of transport using plausible sets of alternative framework and recharge models, and boundary and groundwater flows from calibrated flow models. Ensembles of forecasts of contaminant boundaries. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses of model outputs. The peer review team finds that these minimum requirements have been met. While the groundwater modeling and uncertainty analyses have been quite detailed, the peer review team has identified several modeling-related issues that should be addressed in the next phase of the corrective action activities: Evaluating and using water-level gradients from the pilot wells at the Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site in model calibration. Re-evaluating the use of geochemical age-dating data to constrain model calibrations. Developing water budgets for the alluvial and upper volcanic aquifer systems in Frenchman Flat. Considering modeling approaches in which calculated groundwater flow directions near the water table are not predetermined by model boundary conditions and areas of recharge, all of which are very uncertain. Evaluating local-scale variations in hydraulic conductivity on the calculated contaminant boundaries. Evaluating the effects of non-steady-state flow conditions on calculated contaminant boundaries, including the effects of long-term declines in water levels, climatic change, and disruption of groundwater system by potential earthquake faulting along either of the two major controlling fault zones in the flow system (the Cane Spring and Rock Valley faults). Considering the use of less-complex modeling approaches. Evaluating the large change in water levels in the vicinity of the Frenchman Flat playa and developing a conceptual model to explain these water-level changes. Developing a long-term groundwater level monitoring program for Frenchman Flat with regular monitoring of water levels at key monitoring wells. Despite these reservations, the peer review team strongly believes that the UGTA subproject should proceed to the next stage.

Download or read book Simulating radionuclide fate and transport in the unsaturated zone evaluation and sensitivity analyses of select computer models written by Jin-Song Chen and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Contaminants in the Subsurface written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-23 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.

Download or read book Impacts of Spatio Variability of Source Morphology on Field Scale Predictions of Subsurface Contaminant Transport written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research project investigated the coupled effects of uncertain contaminant source morphology (organic immiscible liquids distribution and composition) and aquifer properties on predicting solute transport in saturated groundwater systems contaminated with residual Organic Immiscible Liquids (OIL's). Research efforts focused on the development of multiple stochastic inverse models for characterizing contaminant fluxes in the near field and for characterizing NAPL distributions within source. In addition, work was conducted on the forward stochastic modeling, that is, to evaluate individual and collective impacts of uncertain spatially and temporally variable source morphological characteristics on subsurface solute transport predictions. The study also involved 1-, 2-, and 3-dimensional experimental efforts to study bench-scale and intermediate-scale uncertainties associate with OIL sources. These studies focused on describing dissolution from multi-component OIL's at varying residual fluid saturations and distributions, and the characterization of OIL sources using partitioning and interfacial tracers. As a final component of the project, the various stochastic models developed were evaluated using data from the pilot-scale field experiments conducted at Hill AFB, Columbus AFB, and Base Borden, Ontario, Canada. Data derived from partitioning/interfacial tracers and far-field dissolved OIL component distributions were used with the stochastic models to characterize OIL sources at each site.

Download or read book Seminar on Transport and Fate of Contaminants in the Subsurface written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Subsurface Transport and Fate Processes written by Robert C. Knox and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the first comprehensive reference volume available on subsurface transport and fate processes. The volume is organized into four sections covering the basics of contaminant properties and how they affect transport and fate, the fundamental processes affecting subsurface transport and fate of contaminants, applications of transport and fate information to various contaminant types, and utilization of transport and fate information for predicting contaminant behavior. Specific topics such as traditional hydrodynamic processes of advection and dispersion, facilitated transport and contaminant flushing, and individual ground water contaminants are also explored in detail. Subsurface Transport and Fate Processes is ideal for environmental and ground water consultants, regulatory agency personnel, and educators in geology, hydrogeology, civil engineering, and environmental engineering.

Download or read book Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments written by Warren J. Lyman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies the most important "rules" governing transport, partitioning, retention and transformation of leaked motor fuels in the underground environment. It examines micro-scale fate and transport processes as a means toward promoting a better understanding of larger scale movement of contaminants. Environmental scientists, engineers, consultants, and managers will find Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments to be a useful technical handbook. Less experienced users will appreciate its in-depth explanations of the fate and transport processes vital to effective remedial response. More experienced users will use the book as a source of information, data and equations to support quantitative assessments of pollutant fate and transport.

Download or read book Physical and Chemical Controls on Subsurface Contaminant Fate and Transport written by Kalle He Jahn and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When anthropogenic contaminants are released as solids and liquids into the natural environment, subsurface soils and bedrock are the primary control on their long-term fate. Accounting for complexity in the subsurface is the central challenge in solving field-scale contaminant transport problems. Yet, the subsurface is difficult to observe at the field scale. Even though field data offer an incomplete glimpse into the complexity of natural systems, they can significantly benefit subsurface contaminant research. This dissertation investigates subsurface contaminant transport behavior by making quantitative observations of soil and bedrock properties and subsurface water and contaminant distributions, developing conceptual models of subsurface processes based on those field data, and subsequently testing those conceptual models using analytical and numerical modeling. The subsurface fate and transport behavior of two sets of contaminants are investigated: nitrate and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances, both of which have significant ecological and societal consequences. A wide range of field methods are used to measure subsurface properties and processes, including soil and bedrock hydraulic properties, water table elevations, water contents, soil infiltration rates, water chemistry. These quantitative data are interpreted alongside analytical and numerical models of water flow and solute transport to investigate the processes behind observed contaminant distributions. This dissertation highlights the importance of direct measurements of subsurface properties for accurately assessing contamination of water resources, yielding new insights into the fundamental processes governing the subsurface transport of water and solutes, and generating the quantitative data needed to address the ever-evolving threats to human water security.

Download or read book Subsurface Solute Transport Models and Case Histories written by Vyacheslav G. Rumynin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-14 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book addresses the development of the basic knowledge of the subsurface solute transfer with a particular emphasis on field data collection and analysis coupled with modeling (analytical and numerical) tool application. The relevant theoretical developments are concerned mainly with the formulation and solution of deterministic mass-transport equations for a wide range of engineering issues in groundwater quality assessment and forecasting. The book gives many computational examples and case studies drawn from the conducted field investigations. The analyzed problems are as follows: investigation and prediction of groundwater contamination by industrial contaminants and solutions (radionuclides, chloride and nitrate brine) with special focus on the effect of (a) aquifer heterogeneity, anisotropy, and dual porosity, (b) density contrast existing between industrial waste and groundwater, or in density-stratified artesian and coastal groundwater systems; (c) physicochemical interactions that play a major role in retarding (e.g. adsorption) or enhancing (e.g. interactions between dissolved species and mobile colloids) contaminant transport; prediction of the effects of pumping on groundwater quality at wellfields; groundwater dating using stable and radioactive isotopes for prediction and assessment of contamination potential; field and laboratory tests’ design and analysis, and monitoring data interpretation; partitioning of surface and subsurface flows using isotope techniques. One of the most essential topics addressed in the book is the migration and fate of radionuclides. Model development is motivated by field data analysis from a number of radioactively contaminated sites in the Russian Federation: near-surface radioactive waste disposal sites and deep-well radioactive waste injection sites. They play a unique role in the advancement of knowledge of the subsurface behavior and fate of many hazardous radionuclides and can be considered as field-scale laboratories. Thus, the book, along with theoretical findings, contains field information, which will facilitate the understanding of subsurface solute transport and the development of a methodology for practical applications to groundwater hydrology.

Download or read book Quantifying Uncertainty in Subsurface Systems written by Céline Scheidt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the Earth’s surface is a rich array of geological resources, many with potential use to humankind. However, extracting and harnessing them comes with enormous uncertainties, high costs, and considerable risks. The valuation of subsurface resources involves assessing discordant factors to produce a decision model that is functional and sustainable. This volume provides real-world examples relating to oilfields, geothermal systems, contaminated sites, and aquifer recharge. Volume highlights include: • A multi-disciplinary treatment of uncertainty quantification • Case studies with actual data that will appeal to methodology developers • A Bayesian evidential learning framework that reduces computation and modeling time Quantifying Uncertainty in Subsurface Systems is a multidisciplinary volume that brings together five major fields: information science, decision science, geosciences, data science and computer science. It will appeal to both students and practitioners, and be a valuable resource for geoscientists, engineers and applied mathematicians. Read the Editors’ Vox: https://eos.org/editors-vox/quantifying-uncertainty-about-earths-resources

Download or read book Analytical Modeling of Solute Transport in Groundwater written by Mark Goltz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaches, using simple analytical models how physical, chemical, and biological processes in the subsurface affect contaminant transport Uses simple analytical models to demonstrate the impact of subsurface processes on the fate and transport of groundwater contaminants Includes downloadable modeling tool that provides easily understood graphical output for over thirty models Modeling tool and book are integrated to facilitate reader understanding Collects analytical solutions from many sources into a single volume and, for the interested reader, shows how these solutions are derived from the governing model equations

Download or read book Uncertainty Analysis and the Identification of the Contaminant Transport and Source Parameters for a Computationally Intensive Groundwater Simulation written by Yong Yin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport parameter estimation and contaminant source identification are critical steps in the development of a physically based groundwater contaminant transport model. Due to the irreversibility of the dispersion process, the calibration of a transport model of interest is inherently ill-posed, and very sensitive to the simplification employed in the development of the lumped models. In this research, a methodology for the calibration of physically based computationally intensive transport models was developed and applied to a case study, the Reich Farm Superfund site in Toms River, New Jersey.

Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: