Download or read book Semantic Functions as Applied to the Analysis of the Concept of Metaphor written by Jerzy Pelc and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Semantics of Metaphor written by Samuel R. Levin and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2019-12-01 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1977. The Semantics of Metaphor presents a theory for the metaphoric construal of deviant sentences. The theory has two aspects. The first relates to metaphor considered as a productive process of language and describes the mechanisms that operate in its semantic interpretation .This part of the theory is presented in chapters III and IV. The second aspect bears on metaphor considered in the context of poetry and develops a conception of metaphoric truth. This part of the theory is presented in chapters VI and VII. The study is semantic in the sense of dealing with both meaning and truth as these properties pertain to metaphor. Of the remaining chapters, the first isolates certain problems of a pragmatic nature from the central semantic concern, chapter II follows with a survey of recent scholarship on the question of semantic deviance, and chapter V compares the theory expounded in chapters III and IV with three other accounts of metaphor.
Download or read book Contexts of Metaphor written by Michiel Leezenberg and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents an approach to metaphor that takes contextual factors into account. It analyses how metaphors depend on and change the context in which they are uttered, and how metaphorical interpretation involves the articulation of asserted, implied and presupposed materials.
Download or read book Meanings Models and Metaphors written by Gunnar Persson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metaphor in Context written by Josef Stern and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-11-08 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Josef Stern addresses the question: Given the received conception of the form and goals of semantic theory, does metaphorical interpretation, in whole or part, fall within its scope? The many philosophers, linguists, and cognitive scientists writing on metaphor over the past two decades have generally taken for granted that metaphor lies outside, if not in opposition to, received conceptions of semantics and grammar. Assuming that metaphor cannot be explained by or within semantics, they claim that metaphor has little, if anything, to teach us about semantic theory. In this book Josef Stern challenges these assumptions. He is concerned primarily with the question: Given the received conception of the form and goals of semantic theory, does metaphorical interpretation, in whole or part, fall within its scope? Specifically, he asks, what (if anything) does a speaker-hearer know as part of her semantic competence when she knows the interpretation of a metaphor? According to Stern, the answer to these questions lies in the systematic context-dependence of metaphorical interpretation. Drawing on a deep analogy between demonstratives, indexicals, and metaphors, Stern develops a formal theory of metaphorical meaning that underlies a speaker's ability to interpret a metaphor. With his semantics, he also addresses a variety of philosophical and linguistic issues raised by metaphor. These include the interpretive structure of complex extended metaphors, the cognitive significance of metaphors and their literal paraphrasability, the pictorial character of metaphors, the role of similarity and exemplification in metaphorical interpretation, metaphor-networks, dead metaphors, the relation of metaphors to other figures, and the dependence of metaphors on literal meanings. Unlike most metaphor theorists, however, who take these problems to be sui generis to metaphor, Stern subsumes them under the same rubric as other semantic facts that hold for nonmetaphorical language.
Download or read book Grammatical Metaphor written by A. M. Simon-Vandenbergen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1980s, metaphor has received much attention in linguistics in general. Within Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) the area of 'grammatical metaphor' has become increasingly more important. This volume aims to raise and debate problematic issues in the study of lexico-grammatical metaphor, and to foreground the potential of further study in the field. There is a need to highlight the SFL perspective on metaphor; other traditions focus on lexical aspects, and from cognitive perspectives, while SFL focuses on the grammatical dimension, and socio-functional aspects in the explanation of this phenomenon.
Download or read book Finding Metaphor in Grammar and Usage written by Gerard Steen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive linguists have proposed that metaphor is not just a matter of language but of thought, and that metaphorical thought displays a high degree of conventionalization. In order to produce converging evidence for this theory of metaphor, a wide range of data is currently being studied with a large array of methods and techniques. Finding Metaphor in Grammar and Usage aims to map the field of this development in theory and research from a methodological perspective. It raises the question when exactly evidence for metaphor in language and thought can be said to count as converging. It also goes into the various stages of producing such evidence (conceptualization, operationalization, data collection and analysis, and interpretation). The book offers systematic discussion of eight distinct areas of metaphor research that emerge as a result of approaching metaphor as part of grammar or usage, language or thought, and symbolic structure or cognitive process.
Download or read book Interpreting Metaphors through Theories of Meaning Conventional and Literal Meaning written by Georgia Foskolou and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2019 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 70, University of Greenwich (New York College), course: Meaning in Language, language: English, abstract: This essay discusses the challenges metaphors pose to theories of meaning originating from both the branches of Pragmatics and Semantics. A metaphor is a conventional use of language where one linguistic object, namely a target domain, and the concept behind it is assigned to another linguistic object and the concept behind it, namely a source domain, from which it appears to have borrowed a determined feature even if the two concepts are unlike. In rhetorics metaphors function as stylistic embellishments to beautify speech and entertain a certain audience for purposes of an ideological effect, such as persuasion or motivation. Namely they have the power to create new prejudices and beliefs and provide a new view of the world.
Download or read book The Rhetoric of Imitation written by Gian Biagio Conte and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1986 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gian Biagio Conte here seeks to establish a theoretical basis for explaining the ways in which Latin poets borrow from one another and echo one another.
Download or read book Avicenna s Commentary on the Poetics of Aristotle written by Avicenna and published by Brill Archive. This book was released on 1974-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metaphor written by and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the present bibliography is to provide the student of metaphor with an up-to-date and comprehensive (albeit not exhaustive) overview of recent publications dealing with various aspects of metaphor in a variety of disciplines. Where the emphasis is primarily on specific works “about” metaphor, mainly in philosophy, linguistics, and psychology, the list has been supplemented with references to studies where metaphor is explicitly recognized as an instrument of research or analysis (e.g., in literature, or in the elaboration of scientific and religious models) or where its use is illustrated.
Download or read book Metaphor and Corpus Linguistics written by Alice Deignan and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2005-06-09 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaphor is a topical issue across a number of disciplines, wherever researchers are concerned with how speakers and writers package and process messages. This book is addressed at readers from diverse academic backgrounds who are interested in ways of researching metaphor from different perspectives, and especially through corpus linguistics. A number of approaches to and exploitations of metaphor, including conceptual metaphor theory and cognitive approaches more generally, text and spoken discourse analysis, and CDA, are discussed, explored and critiqued using corpus data. The book also includes corpus linguistic studies of different aspects of metaphor, which investigate its linguistic and semantic properties and relate them to current theoretical views. The book demonstrates the need for naturally-occurring language data to be used in the development of metaphor theory, and shows the value of corpus data and techniques in this work.
Download or read book Metaphor Metonymy and Experientialist Philosophy written by Verena Haser and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-12-22 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book provides a detailed criticism of experientialist semantics, focusing both on philosophical issues connected with experientialism and on cognitive approaches to metaphor and metonymy. Particular emphasis is placed on the works of George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, but other cognitivists are also taken into consideration. Verena Haser proposes a new approach to the distinction between metaphor and metonymy, which contrasts with familiar cognitivist models, but also builds on some insights gained in cognitivist research. She also offers an account of metaphorical transfer which dispenses with the notion of conceptual metaphors in the sense of Lakoff and Johnson. She argues that conceptual metaphors are not a useful construct for explaining metaphorical transfer, and that the clustering of metaphorical expressions is better accounted for in terms of family resemblances between metaphorical expressions. Another major goal of this work is a reassessment of the relationship between experientialism and traditional Western philosophy (often subsumed under the vague term "objectivism"). This book contrasts with most other critical approaches to experientialism by providing close readings of key passages from the works of Lakoff and Johnson, which enables the author to pinpoint theory-internal inconsistencies and other shortcomings not noted in previous publications. This book will be relevant to students and scholars interested in semantics and cognitive linguistics, and also in psychology and philosophy of language.
Download or read book Semantic Role Alignment in Metaphor written by Maggie Sue Gemmell and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaphor occurs when a word or phrase is used in a way that conflicts with its usual (literal) meaning, so that part of its meaning is applied to a different semantic domain. For example, time is construed as money in "This gadget will save you hours" (Lakoff and Johnson 1980). There is a link between the concepts time and money that underlies many expressions in English; this is therefore considered a conceptual metaphor. Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) has dominated metaphor research since Lakoff and Johnson (1980), but researchers (e.g. Croft 2009, Sullivan 2013) are turning to other cognitive linguistic theories such as Frame Semantics (Fillmore 1982) and Cognitive Grammar (Langacker 1987) to rectify the problems inherent in that approach. CMT does not provide tools for systematically defining metaphoric concepts and their components, which prevents the analysis of metaphor's internal meaning. It views metaphor as a superimposition of meaning from one domain (e.g. money above) onto another (e.g. time). Corpus data has improved metaphor research methods, but sounder methodology is needed to choose which metaphors to study. This dissertation takes a novel approach to metaphor in that the data are taken from a semantically annotated corpus where their semantic domains are already assigned. The main dataset is comprised of a naturally occurring group of related metaphors that construe awareness as perception. Using the notion of frame from Frame Semantics (Fillmore 1982) as implemented in the lexicographic database FrameNet (Atkins et al. 2003) to define semantic domains and their internal components (frame elements; similar to semantic roles), this dissertation analyzes metaphors from the frame-semantically annotated database of German, SALSA (Burchardt et al. 2006, 2009), to investigate how meaning elements (semantic roles) from the metaphor's two semantic domains align. I show that semantic roles align consistently, although not every semantic role has a counterpart in the other domain. I argue that the use of semantic and syntactic information that is associated with one domain but not the other allows emergent meaning to be created in metaphor. The analysis supports the view of metaphor as a blended space, independent of either semantic domain, as described by Fauconnier and Turner (2002).
Download or read book Current Approaches to Metaphor Analysis in Discourse written by Ignasi Navarro i Ferrando and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-09-02 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume takes up the challenge of surveying the present state of a variety of approaches to the identification, analysis and interpretation of metaphor across communication channels, situational contexts, genres and social spheres. It reflects three foremost trends of present metaphor research, namely the communicative approach, the cognitive modelling approach and the multimodality approach. These trends are considered as areas of research emerging on the ground of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, initiated by Lakoff. The book intends to show their concomitances as well as mark their diversifying paths. The aim is to bring about and make apparent the many connections among assumingly different trends stemming from CMT. Whereas discrepancies between communicative and conceptual perspectives might seem irredeemable, the book emphasizes and claims that the background framework of CMT provides a solid foundation for collaboration and mutual influence. Consequently, the analysis of metaphor usage in context may provide insights for cognitive modelling proposals. The analysis of cognitive configuration of conceptual domains may, in turn, illuminate our understanding of communicative decisions in discourse. The integration of multimodal metaphor analysis puts forward the idea that diverse modal manifestations of metaphor reveal the symbiosis between communicative and cognitive stances. The various subject areas and methodologies illuminate the scene of current research in the field. The poignant contributions open far reaching avenues into the realm of human thought and discourse.
Download or read book Confronting Metaphor in Use written by Mara Sophia Zanotto and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008-03-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is timely for researchers to approach metaphor as social and situated, as a matter of language and discourse, and not just as a matter of thought. Over the last twenty five years, scholars have come to appreciate in depth the cognitive, motivated and embodied nature of metaphor, but have tended to background the linguistic form of metaphor and have largely ignored how this connects to its role in the discourses in which our lives are constructed and lived. This book brings language and social dimensions into the picture, offering snapshots of metaphor use in real language and in real lives across the very different cultures of Europe and Brazil and contributing to the theorizing of metaphor in discourse.
Download or read book Researching and Applying Metaphor written by Graham Low and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-02-11 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book demonstrates how metaphor needs to be researched using multiple methods of investigation.
