Download or read book Self powered wearable IoT sensors as human machine interfaces written by Yuan Xi and published by OAE Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2023-08-01 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-powered wearable Internet of Things (IoT) sensors have made a significant impact on human life and health in recent years. These sensors are known for their convenience, durability, affordability, and longevity, leading to substantial improvements in people’s lives. This review summarizes the development of self-powered wearable IoT sensors in recent years. Materials for self-powered wearable sensors are summarized and evaluated, including nanomaterials, flexible materials, and degradable materials. The working mode of self-powered wearable IoT sensors is analyzed, and the different principles of its physical sensing and chemical sensing are explained. Several common technologies for self-powered wearable IoT sensors are presented, such as triboelectric technology, piezoelectric technology, and machine learning. The applications of self-powered IoT wearable sensors in human-machine interfaces are reviewed. Its current shortcomings and prospects for its future development are also discussed. To conduct this review, a comprehensive literature search was performed using several electronic databases, resulting in the inclusion of 225 articles. The gathered data was extracted, synthesized, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. This review provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of its working mode, technologies, and applications and provides references and inspiration for related research in this field. Furthermore, this review also identifies the key directions and challenges for future research.

Download or read book Wearable Electronics for Human Machine Interfaces Enabled by New Functional Materials written by Hanxiang Wu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wearable electronics is a new frontier of research to bridge the gap between rigid computational units and soft tissues. Unprecedented human-machine interfaces with new functions including physical and physiological sensors and personal cooling devices are developed based on novel soft materials such as conformal polymers, semiconducting nanomaterials, and electrocaloric polymers. However, there is still distance between a new functional material and a practical device in terms of reliability, cost, encapsulation, and lifetime. This dissertation focused on design, fabrication and verification of wearable electronic devices for human-machine interfaces enabled by new functional materials. Four selected topics are presented from chapter 2 through chapter 5. Chapter 2 concerns tissue-like bioelectronics which offer an ideal means of interfacing with the body, but their implementation typically requires rigid shuttle devices that can cause additional scarring and tissue damage during implantation. To address this issue, we developed a self-softening polymer-based neural device that can record both electrochemical and neurochemical signals in vivo. The mechanically adaptive polymer is stiff at room temperature, boasting a Young's modulus of approximately 100MPa, and thus can be implanted without the need for a shuttle. Once implanted, the device becomes soft with a Young's modulus of roughly 10 kPa. A multi-modal device was created using this self-softening polymer, which combines electrophysiological recording with neurotransmitter biosensors. The device enables simultaneous recording of both electrophysiological signals and serotonin concentrations in vivo. In the field of skin-attachable electronics, debonding-on-demand (DoD) adhesives are highly sought after, as they allow for repeated usage without damaging the skin. Chapter 3 developed a simple and versatile method for fabricating biocompatible bonding/debonding bistable adhesive polymers (BAPs) that exhibit conformal adhesion at skin temperature and easy detachment at room temperature. Additionally, the potential application of BAPs in a mechanosensitive communication system is explored. The BAPs are designed by incorporating stearyl acrylate (SA) and tetradecyl acrylate (TA) into a chemically cross-linked elastomer, which undergoes a semicrystalline-to-amorphous transition between 26°C and 32°C, leading to high adhesive flowability and significant energy dissipation. An optically transparent and mechanically compliant debonding-on-demand triboelectric nanogenerator (DoD-TENG) was also fabricated using the BAP as the DoD substrate, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer as the electrification layer, and an ion-conductive elastomer as the electrode. This device can serve as a human-machine interface for a self-powered drone navigation system. This work is published and cited asGao, M.1, Wu, H.1, Plamthottam, R., Xie, Z., Liu, Y., Hu, J., ... & Pei, Q. (2021). Skin temperature-triggered, debonding-on-demand sticker for a self-powered mechanosensitive communication system. Matter, 4(6), 1962-1974. Flexible and conformable transistors that incorporate semiconductive single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been extensively studied for biosensing applications. However, their sensing capabilities are often hampered by high electrolytic leakage currents, which negatively impact their detection abilities. While data processing can help to amplify the signals, it will also sacrifice sampling rates and leave the sensors vulnerable to fluctuations in the electrolyte solutions. To address these issues, chapter 4 introduces SWNT-based twin-transistors, where one transistor acts as a sensor and the other as a reference. Both transistors share gate and source electrodes, and all source/drain electrodes are sealed by a parylene layer to minimize electrolytic leakage. A common-source amplifier circuit generates voltage signal readouts from the sensor and reference transistors, and differential outputs enhance the signal-to-noise ratios by 92%. The arrays of twin-transistors were fabricated using microfabrication techniques, including photolithography and solution-based deposition of SWNTs, followed by transfer to a polyurethane substrate. To demonstrate glucose biosensing, glucose oxidase was immobilized onto the SWNTs in the sensor channels. This resulted in a sensor that can deliver real-time detection of glucose in human serum, exhibiting a 100% increase in normalized responses per decade of glucose concentrations between 100 [mu]M to 100 mM. The response is proportional to the cubic root of glucose concentration, indicating that the redox electrons conducted by the nanotubes in the channel length direction contribute to the sensor response. Finally, the study demonstrated a portable glucose sensing system utilizing the flexible twin-transistors. The demand for compact and flexible cooling technology has increased significantly in the thermal management of wearable electronics and personal comfort. Electrocaloric (EC) cooling holds great potential as a solution, but its low adiabatic temperature change has impeded its progress. However, chapter 5 developed a cascade EC cooling device that overcomes this bottleneck by increasing the temperature change while enhancing cooling power and efficiency. The device integrates multiple units of EC polymer elements and an electrostatic actuation mechanism that work in synergy. Each pair of adjacent EC elements function in antiphase, allowing for continuous heat flow from the heat source to the heat sink. This antiphase operation also facilitates internal charge recycling, which improves energy efficiency. By operating at the EC electric field with a 3.0 K adiabatic temperature change, a four-layer cascade device can achieve a maximum temperature lift of 8.7 K under no-load conditions. The coefficient of performance is estimated to be 9.0 at a temperature lift of 2.7 K and 10.4 at zero temperature lift. This work is published and cited asMeng, Y., Zhang, Z., Wu, H., Wu, R., Wu, J., Wang, H., & Pei, Q. (2020). A cascade electrocaloric cooling device for large temperature lift. Nature Energy, 5(12), 996-1002.

Download or read book Self Powered Wearable IoT Devices for Health and Activity Monitoring written by Ganapati Bhat and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wearable devices have the potential to transform multiple facets of human life, including healthcare, activity monitoring, and interaction with computers. At the same time, a number of technical and adaption challenges hinder widespread and daily usage of wearable devices. Recent research efforts have focused on identifying these challenges and solving them such that the potential of wearable devices can be realized. In this monograph, the authors guide the reader through the state-of-the-art of wearable devices, detailing the challenges that researchers and designers face in achieving wide-adoption of the technology throughout society. The authors also identify the application areas where these devices are most likely to gain acceptance. They point the way to overcoming these challenges by detailing the recent advances in providing physically flexible designs, the energy management for such designs and finally consider some of the security and privacy aspects of wearable devices such that user compliance can be improved. This monograph serves as a comprehensive resource for challenges and solutions towards self-powered wearable devices for health and activity monitoring.

Download or read book Self powered Sensors written by Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-09-04 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-powered Sensors: A Path to Wearable Electronics features recent developments in chemical, photonic, pharmaceutical, microbiological, biomimetic, and bio-inspired approaches for MEMS/NEMS and medicinal self-powered sensors. Unconventional nanomaterial sensors driven by self-sufficient energy are given a contemporary review, with a focus on the categorization of energy sources and comparisons of research involving self-powered solar, piezoresistive, triboelectric, and thermodynamic technologies. This book also focuses on the different techniques, materials, comparisons of fabrication of self-powered sensors as well as thermoelectric self-powered sensors and its implantable applications. - Presents state-of-the-art technologies and advancements in the design and application of self-powered sensors - Examines the advantages and disadvantages of self-powered nanomaterial sensors in terms of energy collecting techniques and sensing applications - Reviews the incorporation of self-operating devices and novel uses for neuromorphic sensors

Download or read book Low power Wearable Healthcare Sensors written by R. Simon Sherratt and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in technology have produced a range of on-body sensors and smartwatches that can be used to monitor a wearer’s health with the objective to keep the user healthy. However, the real potential of such devices not only lies in monitoring but also in interactive communication with expert-system-based cloud services to offer personalized and real-time healthcare advice that will enable the user to manage their health and, over time, to reduce expensive hospital admissions. To meet this goal, the research challenges for the next generation of wearable healthcare devices include the need to offer a wide range of sensing, computing, communication, and human–computer interaction methods, all within a tiny device with limited resources and electrical power. This Special Issue presents a collection of six papers on a wide range of research developments that highlight the specific challenges in creating the next generation of low-power wearable healthcare sensors.

Download or read book Flexible and Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Devices written by Mengdi Han and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book starts with the fundamentals of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), and continues through to fabrication technologies to achieve flexible and stretchable. Then self-powered flexible microsystems are introduced and application examples are presented, including TENG-based active sensors, TENG-powered actuators, artificial intelligence and integrated systems.

Download or read book Intelligent Wearable Interfaces written by Yang Xu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thorough introduction to the development and applications of intelligent wearable interfaces As mobile computing, sensing technology, and artificial intelligence become more advanced and their applications more widespread, the area of intelligent wearable interfaces is growing in importance. This emerging form of human-machine interaction has infinite possibilities for enhancing humans' capabilities in communications, actions, monitoring, and control. Intelligent Wearable Interfaces is a collection of the efforts the authors have made in this area at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. They introduce methodologies to develop a variety of intelligent wearable interfaces and cover practical implementations of systems for real-life applications. A number of novel intelligent wearable interface systems are examined, including: Network architecture for wearable robots Wearable interface for automatic language translation Intelligent cap interface for wheelchair control Intelligent shoes for human-computer interface Fingertip human-computer interface Ubiquitous 3D digital writing instrument Intelligent mobile human airbag system This book is a valuable reference for researchers, designers, engineers, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of human-machine interactions,rehabilitation engineering, robotics, and artificial intelligence.

Download or read book Self Powered Internet of Things written by Muhammad Moid Sandhu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers cutting edge advancements on self-powered Internet of Things, where sensing devices can be energy-positive while capturing context from the physical world. It provides new mechanisms for activity recognition without the need of conventional inertial sensors, which demand significant energy during their operation and thus quickly deplete the batteries of internet-of-things (IoT) devices. The book offers new solutions by employing energy harvesters as activity sensors as well as power sources to enable the autonomous and self-powered operation of IoT devices without the need of human intervention. It provides useful content for graduate students as well as researchers to understand the nascent technologies of human activity, fitness and health monitoring using autonomous sensors. In particular, this book is very useful for people working on pervasive computing, activity recognition, wearable IoT, fitness/healthcare and autonomous systems. This book covers a broad range of topics related to self-powered activity recognition. The main topics of this book include wearables, IoT, energy harvesting, energy harvesters as sensors, activity recognition and self-powered operation of IoT devices. This book starts with the introduction of wearable IoT devices and activity recognition and then highlights the conventional activity recognition mechanisms. After that, it describes the use of energy harvesters to power the IoT devices. Later, it explores the use of various energy harvesters as activity sensors. It also proposes the use of energy harvesters as simultaneous source of energy and context information and defines the emerging concept of energy-positive sensing compared to conventional energy-negative sensing. Finally, it explores sensor/signal fusion to enhance the performance using multiple energy harvesters and charts a way forward for future research in this area. This book covers all important and emerging topics that have significance in the design and implementation of autonomous wearable IoT devices. We believe that this book will lay the foundation for designing self-powered IoT devices which can ultimately replace the conventional wearable IoT devices which need regular recharging and replacement.

Download or read book IoT Sensor Based Activity Recognition written by Md Atiqur Rahman Ahad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offer clear descriptions of the basic structure for the recognition and classification of human activities using different types of sensor module and smart devices in e.g. healthcare, education, monitoring the elderly, daily human behavior, and fitness monitoring. In addition, the complexities, challenges, and design issues involved in data collection, processing, and other fundamental stages along with datasets, methods, etc., are discussed in detail. The book offers a valuable resource for readers in the fields of pattern recognition, human–computer interaction, and the Internet of Things.

Download or read book Triboelectric Nanogenerators written by Zhong Lin Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-17 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces an innovative and high-efficiency technology for mechanical energy harvesting. The book covers the history and development of triboelectric nanogenerators, basic structures, working principles, performance characterization, and potential applications. It is divided into three parts: Part A illustrates the fundamental working modes of triboelectric nanogenerators with their prototype structures and theoretical analysis; Part B and Part C introduce two categories of applications, namely self-powered systems and self-powered active sensors. The book will be an ideal guide to scientists and engineers beginning to study triboelectric nanogenerators or wishing to deepen their knowledge of the field. Readers will be able to place the technical details about this technology in context, and acquire the necessary skills to reproduce the experimental setups for fabrication and measurement.

Download or read book Biochemical Sensors In 2 Volumes written by Huangxian Ju and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 997 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the full scope of biochemical sensors and offers a survey of the principles, design and applications of the most popular types of biosensing devices. It is presented in 19 chapters, written by 20 distinguished scientists as well as their co-workers. The topics include the design of signal transducers, signal tags and signal amplification strategies, the structure of biosensing interfaces with new biorecognition elements such as aptamers and DNAzymes, and different newly emerging nanomaterials such as Au nanoclusters, carbon nitride, silicon, upconversion nanoparticles and two-dimensional materials, and the applications in wearable detections, biofuel cells, biomarker analyses, bioimaging, single cell analysis and in vivo sensing.By discussing recent advances, it is hoped this book will bridge the common gap between research literature and standard textbooks. Research into biochemical sensors and their biomedical applications is proceeding in a number of exciting directions, as reflected by the content. This book is published in honor of the 90th birthday of Professor Shaojun Dong, who performed many pioneering studies on modified electrodes and biochemical sensors.

Download or read book Smart Sensor Systems written by Gerard Meijer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-02 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from an internationally-renowned group of experts, this book uses a multidisciplinary approach to review recent developments in the field of smart sensor systems, covering important system and design aspects. It examines topics over the whole range of sensor technology from the theory and constraints of basic elements, physics and electronics, up to the level of application-orientated issues. Developed as a complementary volume to ‘Smart Sensor Systems’ (Wiley 2008), which introduces the basics of smart sensor systems, this volume focuses on emerging sensing technologies and applications, including: State-of-the-art techniques for designing smart sensors and smart sensor systems, including measurement techniques at system level, such as dynamic error correction, calibration, self-calibration and trimming. Circuit design for sensor systems, such as the design of precision instrumentation amplifiers. Impedance sensors, and the associated measurement techniques and electronics, that measure electrical characteristics to derive physical and biomedical parameters, such as blood viscosity or growth of micro-organisms. Complete sensor systems-on-a-chip, such as CMOS optical imagers and microarrays for DNA detection, and the associated circuit and micro-fabrication techniques. Vibratory gyroscopes and the associated electronics, employing mechanical and electrical signal amplification to enable low-power angular-rate sensing. Implantable smart sensors for neural interfacing in bio-medical applications. Smart combinations of energy harvesters and energy-storage devices for autonomous wireless sensors. Smart Sensor Systems: Emerging Technologies and Applications will greatly benefit final-year undergraduate and postgraduate students in the areas of electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering, and physics. Professional engineers and researchers in the microelectronics industry, including microsystem developers, will also find this a thorough and useful volume.

Download or read book Wearable Sensors written by Edward Sazonov and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-10 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wearable Sensors: Fundamentals, Implementation and Applications has been written by a collection of experts in their field, who each provide you with an understanding of how to design and work with wearable sensors. Together these insights provide the first single source of information on wearable sensors that would be a fantastic addition to the library of any engineers working in this field. Wearable Sensors covers a wide variety of topics associated with development and applications of wearable sensors. It also provides an overview and a coherent summary of many aspects of wearable sensor technology. Both professionals in industries and academic researchers need this package of information in order to learn the overview and each specific technology at the same time. This book includes the most current knowledge on the advancement of light-weight hardware, energy harvesting, signal processing, and wireless communications and networks. Practical problems with smart fabrics, biomonitoring and health informatics are all addressed, plus end user centric design, ethical and safety issues. The new edition is completely reviewed by key figures in the field, who offer authoritative and comprehensive information on the various topics. A new feature for the second edition is the incorporation of key background information on topics to allow the less advanced user access to the field and to make the title more of an auto-didactic book for undergraduates. - Provides a full revision of the first edition, providing a comprehensive and up-to-date resource of all currently used wearable devices in an accessible and structured manner - Helps engineers manufacture wearable devices with information on current technologies, with a focus on end user needs and recycling requirements - This book provides a fully updated overview of the many aspects of wearable sensor technology in one single volume, enabling engineers and researchers to fully comprehend the field and to identify opportunities

Download or read book Wearable Physical Chemical and Biological Sensors written by Eden Morales-Narvaez and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wearable Physical, Chemical and Biological Sensors introduces readers of all backgrounds—chemistry, electronics, photonics, biology, microfluidics, materials, and more—to the fundamental principles needed to develop wearable sensors for a host of different applications. The capability to continuously monitor organ-related biomarkers, environmental exposure, movement disorders, and other health conditions using miniaturized devices that operate in real time provides numerous benefits, such as avoiding or delaying the onset of disease, saving resources allocated to public health, and making better decisions on medical diagnostics or treatment. Worn like glasses, masks, wristwatches, fitness bands, tattoo-like devices, or patches, wearables are being boosted by the Internet of Things in combination with smart mobile devices. Besides, wearables for smart agriculture are also covered. Written by experts in their respective fields, Wearable Physical, Chemical and Biological Sensors provides insights on how to design, fabricate, and operate these sensors. - Provides a holistic view of the field, covering physical, chemical, and biosensing approaches along with the advantages of their various functionalities - Covers all necessary elements for developing wearable sensors, including materials, biorecognition elements, transductions systems, signal amplification strategies, and system design considerations - Each chapter includes examples, summaries, and references for further reading

Download or read book Fundamentals of IoT and Wearable Technology Design written by Haider Raad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-01-20 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore this indispensable guide covering the fundamentals of IOT and wearable devices from a leading voice in the field Fundamentals of IoT and Wearable Technology Design delivers a comprehensive exploration of the foundations of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable technology. Throughout the textbook, the focus is on IoT and wearable technology and their applications, including mobile health, environment, home automation, and smart living. Readers will learn about the most recent developments in the design and prototyping of these devices. This interdisciplinary work combines technical concepts from electrical, mechanical, biomedical, computer, and industrial engineering, all of which are used in the design and manufacture of IoT and wearable devices. Fundamentals of IoT and Wearable Technology Design thoroughly investigates the foundational characteristics, architectural aspects, and practical considerations, while offering readers detailed and systematic design and prototyping processes of typical use cases representing IoT and wearable technology. Later chapters discuss crucial issues, including PCB design, cloud and edge topologies, privacy and health concerns, and regulatory policies. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the applications of IoT and wearable technology, including biomedicine and healthcare, fitness and wellbeing, sports, home automation, and more Discussions of wearable components and technologies, including microcontrollers and microprocessors, sensors, actuators and communication modules An exploration of the characteristics and basics of the communication protocols and technologies used in IoT and wearable devices An overview of the most important security challenges, threats, attacks and vulnerabilities faced by IoT and wearable devices along with potential solutions Perfect for research and development scientists working in the wearable technology and Internet of Things spaces, Fundamentals of IoT and Wearable Technology Design will also earn a place in the libraries of undergraduate and graduate students studying wearable technology and IoT, as well as professors and practicing technologists in the area.

Download or read book Low power Wearable Healthcare Sensors written by R. Simon Sherratt and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in technology have produced a range of on-body sensors and smartwatches that can be used to monitor a wearer's health with the objective to keep the user healthy. However, the real potential of such devices not only lies in monitoring but also in interactive communication with expert-system-based cloud services to offer personalized and real-time healthcare advice that will enable the user to manage their health and, over time, to reduce expensive hospital admissions. To meet this goal, the research challenges for the next generation of wearable healthcare devices include the need to offer a wide range of sensing, computing, communication, and human-computer interaction methods, all within a tiny device with limited resources and electrical power. This Special Issue presents a collection of six papers on a wide range of research developments that highlight the specific challenges in creating the next generation of low-power wearable healthcare sensors.

Download or read book Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting written by Alper Erturk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of vibrations into electric energy through the use of piezoelectric devices is an exciting and rapidly developing area of research with a widening range of applications constantly materialising. With Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting, world-leading researchers provide a timely and comprehensive coverage of the electromechanical modelling and applications of piezoelectric energy harvesters. They present principal modelling approaches, synthesizing fundamental material related to mechanical, aerospace, civil, electrical and materials engineering disciplines for vibration-based energy harvesting using piezoelectric transduction. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting provides the first comprehensive treatment of distributed-parameter electromechanical modelling for piezoelectric energy harvesting with extensive case studies including experimental validations, and is the first book to address modelling of various forms of excitation in piezoelectric energy harvesting, ranging from airflow excitation to moving loads, thus ensuring its relevance to engineers in fields as disparate as aerospace engineering and civil engineering. Coverage includes: Analytical and approximate analytical distributed-parameter electromechanical models with illustrative theoretical case studies as well as extensive experimental validations Several problems of piezoelectric energy harvesting ranging from simple harmonic excitation to random vibrations Details of introducing and modelling piezoelectric coupling for various problems Modelling and exploiting nonlinear dynamics for performance enhancement, supported with experimental verifications Applications ranging from moving load excitation of slender bridges to airflow excitation of aeroelastic sections A review of standard nonlinear energy harvesting circuits with modelling aspects.