Download or read book Self employment and Poverty in Developing Countries written by Gary S. Fields and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key way for the world's poor - nearly half of humanity - to escape poverty is to earn more for their labor. Most of the world's poor people are self-employed, but because there are few opportunities in most developing countries for them to earn enough to escape poverty, they are working hard but working poor. Two key policy planks in the fight against poverty should be: raising the returns to self-employment and creating more opportunities to move from selfemployment into higher paying wage employment.
Download or read book From Despondency to Ambitions Women s Changing Perceptions of Self Employment written by Uschi Kraus-Harper and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998, this volume takes an international approach to women’s evolving perspectives on self-employment, with a particular focus on women in India. Author Uschi Kraus-Harper draws on ten years of research and interviews, visits and observations, gathering women’s stories from around the world. This book deeply explores women’s situations, empowerment, changing perceptions of enterprise, the effects of poverty and gender and what success really means. It is about poor women and their relation to self-employment. It is also about why change has come to some women and not to others.
Download or read book Pathways Out of Poverty written by Gary S. Fields and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-09-30 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifies the ways in which private firms and farms contribute to economic mobility and poverty reduction and what governments can do to enhance this contribution.
Download or read book Self Employment for Low Income People written by Steven Balkin and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1989-09-07 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Balkin examines whether low-income people should be encouraged to engage in self-employment as a route for economic improvement. The author has gathered ideas and material from a diverse literature and experience base to provide practical suggestions for those who operate self-employment programs, fund self-employment programs, consider policy concerning self-employment, and look for alternative strategies to alleviate poverty, create jobs, and improve economic development. Among the questions Balkin explores are the reasons self-employment is a significant and successful alternative in some ethnic groups but has not been in others, why it is successful in those groups, and whether and how it could become a viable option. Balkin examines the various studies of groups in the U.S. such as the Amish, the Gypsies, and the Koreans, who have tended toward self-employment, using it as a successful mode of economic activity. He explores the cultural backgrounds, forces, and networks that contributed to their success in order to identify the factors most likely to predict the effectiveness of future self-employment efforts and programs. He also analyzes low-income groups where self-employment is relatively rare, suggesting policies and approaches which might be taken to encourage successful self-employment among these groups. Balkin looks at programs in the United States, Europe, and the Third World, which have assisted the self-employed and recommends ways in which policies might be implemented to help U.S. low-income workers undertake successful self-employment. Finally, estimates of the job creation potential for self-employment programs are provided along with a discussion about the importance of evaluation.
Download or read book Working Hard Working Poor written by Gary S. Fields and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-14 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than three billion people in the world live on less than two-and-a-half U.S. dollars per person per day. In this book, Gary Fields explains how the poor work, how they have improved their self-employment earning opportunities, how poor-country governments can stimulate more inclusive economic growth, and how they can be aided.
Download or read book Pathways Out of Poverty written by Gary S. Fields and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-10-30 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How private firms contribute to economic mobility and poverty reduction and what governments can do to enhance their contributions is the theme of this book. The positive role (often underemphasized) the private sector plays in economic development is looked at. Also the labour market and how various mechanisms in the economy interact to affect conditions for people as workers and as consumers. The links among the business environment, private sector development, economic growth, poverty reduction and economic mobility are also examined.
Download or read book Mainstreaming Informal Employment and Gender in Poverty Reduction written by Martha Alter Chen and published by Commonwealth Secretariat. This book was released on 2004 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the cover: New gender mainstreaming series on development issues
Download or read book Development Centre Studies Is Informal Normal Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries written by Jütting Johannes and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides evidence for policy makers on how to deal with informal employment in developing and developed countries alike.
Download or read book Employment and Shared Growth written by Pierella Paci and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is one asset that poor people have in abundance: labor. Thus, what distinguishes the poor from the non-poor in low income countries is, simply, their ability to sell labor at a good price. It should be of little surprise, then, that enhancing the poor's access to employment is increasingly recognized as key to development. But while the creation of "good" jobs for the poor has become a policy priority for many developing countries, the mechanisms by which employment stimulates growth and reduces poverty have, until now, not been well understood. This book aims to help fill that.
Download or read book Casual Work and Poverty in Third World Cities written by Ray Bromley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1979 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compilation of articles and case studies on poverty and the role of the informal sector in urban areas of developing countries - covers historical and sociological aspects of urbanemployment, division of labour and inegality of income distribution, advocates employment policies relating to the self employed (particularly in small scale industry), casual workers, squatters, etc., and discusses the role of ILO in employment creation. Graphs, references and statistical tables.
Download or read book Globalisation and Poverty written by Maurizio Bussolo and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprises eight essays which are concerned with two questions: how do globalisation and poverty affect one another and what can governments do about the situation.
Download or read book Gender Poverty and Employment written by International Labour Office and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Where There is No Job written by John P. Grierson and published by Skat. This book was released on 1997 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is twofold: to show how a few programmes have used traditional training practices to create self-employment, and to provide some practical guidance for the many other programmes that will follow in their footsteps.
Download or read book World Development Report 2013 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jobs provide higher earnings and better benefits as countries grow, but they are also a driver of development. Poverty falls as people work their way out of hardship and as jobs empowering women lead to greater investments in children. Efficiency increases as workers get better at what they do, as more productive jobs appear, and less productive ones disappear. Societies flourish as jobs bring together people from different ethnic and social backgrounds and provide alternatives to conflict. Jobs are thus more than a byproduct of economic growth. They are transformational —they are what we earn, what we do, and even who we are. High unemployment and unmet job expectations among youth are the most immediate concerns. But in many developing countries, where farming and self-employment are prevalent and safety nets are modest are best, unemployment rates can be low. In these countries, growth is seldom jobless. Most of their poor work long hours but simply cannot make ends meet. And the violation of basic rights is not uncommon. Therefore, the number of jobs is not all that matters: jobs with high development payoffs are needed. Confronted with these challenges, policy makers ask difficult questions. Should countries build their development strategies around growth, or should they focus on jobs? Can entrepreneurship be fostered, especially among the many microenterprises in developing countries, or are entrepreneurs born? Are greater investments in education and training a prerequisite for employability, or can skills be built through jobs? In times of major crises and structural shifts, should jobs, not just workers, be protected? And is there a risk that policies supporting job creation in one country will come at the expense of jobs in other countries? The World Development Report 2013: Jobs offers answers to these and other difficult questions by looking at jobs as drivers of development—not as derived labor demand—and by considering all types of jobs—not just formal wage employment. The Report provides a framework that cuts across sectors and shows that the best policy responses vary across countries, depending on their levels of development, endowments, demography, and institutions. Policy fundamentals matter in all cases, as they enable a vibrant private sector, the source of most jobs in the world. Labor policies can help as well, even if they are less critical than is often assumed. Development policies, from making smallholder farming viable to fostering functional cities to engaging in global markets, hold the key to success.
Download or read book Modular Package on Gender Poverty and Employment written by International Labour Office and published by International Labour Office. This book was released on 2000 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rural Wage Employment in Developing Countries written by Carlos Oya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a striking scarcity of work conducted on rural labour markets in the developing world, particularly in Africa. This book aims to fill this gap by bringing together a group of contributors who boast substantial field experience researching rural wage employment in various developing countries. It provides critical perspectives on mainstream approaches to rural/agrarian development, and analysis of agrarian change and rural transformations from a long-term perspective. This book challenges the notion that rural areas in low- and middle-income countries are dominated by self-employment. It purports that this conventional view is largely due to the application of conceptual frameworks and statistical conventions that are ill-equipped to capture labour market participation. The contributions in this book offer a variety of methodological lessons for the study of rural labour markets, focusing in particular on the use of mixed methods in micro-level field research, and more emphasis on capturing occupation multiplicity. The emphasis on context, history, and specific configurations of power relations affecting rural labour market outcomes are key and reoccurring features of this book. This analysis will help readers think about policy options to improve the quantity and quality of rural wage employment, their impact on the poorest rural people, and their political feasibility in each context.
Download or read book Self Employment in the Developing World written by T. H. Gindling and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes heterogeneity among the self-employed in 74 developing countries, representing two-thirds of the population of the developing world. After profiling how worker characteristics vary by employment status, it classifies self-employed workers outside agriculture as "successful" or "unsuccessful" entrepreneurs, based on two measures of success: whether the worker is an employer, and whether the worker resides in a non-poor household. Four main findings emerge. First, jobs exhibit a clear pecking order, with household welfare and worker education highest for employers, followed by wage and salaried employees, non-agricultural own-account workers, non-agricultural unpaid family workers, and finally agricultural workers. Second, a substantial minority of own-account workers reside in non-poor households, suggesting that their profits are often a secondary source of household income. Third, as per capita income increases, the structure of employment shifts rapidly, first out of agriculture into unsuccessful non-agricultural self-employment, and then mainly into non-agricultural wage employment. Finally, roughly one-third of the unsuccessful entrepreneurs share similar characteristics with their successful counterparts, suggesting they have the potential to be successful but face constraints to growth. The authors conclude that although interventions such as access to credit can benefit a substantial portion of the self-employed, effectively targeting the minority of self-employed with higher growth potential is important, particularly in low-income contexts. The results also highlight the potential benefits of policies that facilitate shifts in the nature of work, first from agricultural labor into non-agricultural self-employment, and then into wage and salaried jobs.
