Download or read book Self assembly of Functional Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymer Thin Films written by Namrata Salunke and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The concept of liquid wetting on solids is one of the most fundamental and fascinating phenomena understood in terms of physical chemistry, statistical physics, short and long-range forces, and fluid dynamics" - P. G. de Gennes. Monte Carlo simulations have shown that interfacial free energy between co-existing phases is strongly impacted by reducing system dimensionality, d, in thin films, the interfacial area ~L[superscript d-1]and linear dimension L[subscript z] cause logarithmic finite-size effects of order ln(L)/L[superscript d-1]and ln(L[subscript z])/L[superscript d-1]respectively. The unexplored coupling between these two phenomena in amphiphilic triblock copolymer systems forms the basis of this dissertation, with a view towards stimuli responsive properties of physico-chemical surfaces. This dissertation explores in detail the hypotheses conjoining these two phenomena in an amphiphilic triblock copolymer - FDF consisting of hydrophobic domain, F: poly(2-(N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamido) ethyl methylacrylate), and hydrophilic domain, D: poly(N,N'-dimethyl acrylamide) in thin film format. The effect of chemistry-based block copolymer phase separation and thin film confinement physics lead to a controlled wetting/non-wetting spatio-temporal transition in thin FDF films. Further, the effect of FDF film casting conditions, particularly the rate of solvent evaporation as well as annealing temperature and time were explored on surface phase-domain structure that allowed for control of the film wettability. A third aspect of the study examined the external stimuli response behavior of such systems via changes in film swelling, morphology and optical properties induced by humidity changes to which the block copolymer was strongly responsive. In situ grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and specular reflectance experiments with controlled relative humidity (RH) were used to determine film and domain swelling in these amphiphilic copolymers. These results also indicated strong optical "artificial color" variation arising from the coupling of film finite-size interference. Confinement effects were observed to influence dynamic properties in FDF films including domain swelling and "active" structural color.

Download or read book Self Assembly of Polymers written by Dmitry Volodkin and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, polymer self-assembly has become extremely attractive for both biological (drug delivery, tissue engineering, scaffolds) and non-biological (packaging, semiconductors) applications. In nature, a number of key biological processes are driven by polymer self-assembly, for instance protein folding. Impressive morphologies can be assembled from polymers thanks to a diverse range of interactions involved, e.g., electrostatics, hydrophobic, hots-guest interactions, etc. Both 2D and 3D tailor-made assemblies can be designed through modern powerful techniques and approaches such as the layer-by-layer and the Langmuir-Blodgett deposition, hard and soft templating. This Special Issue highlights contributions (research papers, short communications, review articles) that focus on recent developments in polymer self-assembly for both fundamental understanding the assembly phenomenon and real applications.

Download or read book Block Copolymers in Nanoscience written by Massimo Lazzari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-06-27 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first book to take a detailed look at one of the key focal points where nanotechnology and polymers meet provides both an introductory view for beginners as well as in-depth knowledge for specialists in the various research areas involved. It investigates all types of application for block copolymers: as tools for fabricating other nanomaterials, as structural components in hybrid materials and nanocomposites, and as functional materials. The multidisciplinary approach covers all stages from chemical synthesis and characterization, presenting applications from physics and chemistry to biology and medicine, such as micro- and nanolithography, membranes, optical labeling, drug delivery, as well as sensory and analytical uses.

Download or read book Self assembly of Silicon containing Triblock Copolymer and Terpolymers written by Sangho Lee (S. M.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly has garnered significant interest due to its ability to generate periodic nanostructures with a variety of morphologies. Compared to diblock copolymers that have been extensively studied to form the conventional morphologies such as spheres, cylinders, and lamellae depending on the block volume fraction, more complex polymer architectures are expected to offer additional degrees of freedom and a wider range of structures. Solvent vapor annealing (SVA) using a continuous gas flow system allows a precise control over the annealing condition, which can capture intermediate morphologies including perforated lamellae and gyroids and can create unique nanostructures that have not been observed in diblock copolymers. Combining with self-consistent field theory (SCFT) modeling and in situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) measurement, the phase behavior of advanced polymer architectures can be revealed in details. Here, the self-assembly behavior of silicon-containing triblock copolymer and terpolymers in multi-layered films under SVA is presented. Using both experimental and SCFT approaches, the phase behavior of poly(stryrene-b-dimethylsiloxane-b-styrene) (PS-b-PDMS-b-PS or SDS32) thin films was investigated as a function of the as-cast film thickness and the ratio of two different solvent vapors, toluene and heptane. In comparison with diblock PS-b-PDMS with same molecular weight, the SDS32 offers a simple route to produce a diversity of well-ordered bilayer structures with smaller feature sizes, including the formation of bilayer perforated lamellae over a large process window. In addition, the morphological evolution of core-shell cylinder-forming triblock terpolymers during SVA was monitored in situ using GISAXS. A reversible order-order phase transformation between spheres and cylinders occurred during the annealing process. One of the final morphologies consisted of the regions of in-plane cylinders, with the majority of the film comprising vertical core-shell cylinders passing through perforated lamellae of poly 1,1-dimethyl silacyclobutane (PDMSB).

Download or read book Templated Self assembly of Novel Block Copolymers written by Li-Chen Cheng (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) is emerging as a promising route for numerous technological applications to fabricate a variety of nanoscopic structures. The resulting feature sizes range from a few to several hundred nanometers, and are readily tunable by varying the molecular weights of block copolymers. Directed self-assembly of block copolymer is an effective way to pattern periodic arrays of features with long-range order, to generate complex patterns, and to multiplicatively increase the pattern density and resolution that are far beyond the limit of conventional lithography. Despite of the significant progress in the area of directed self-assembly in recent years, critical research problems regarding the dimension scalability toward sub-10-nm regime and large feature sizes on hundreds of nanometers scale as well as the capability of generating complex device-oriented patterns remain challenging. In this thesis, BCP systems, including high-v BCPs that are capable of self-assembling into extreme small and large feature sizes as well as those with more complex block architectures, are identified and studied in order to understand how those materials may be processed and directed selfassembly to bridge the patterning size spectrum between nano- and micro-fabrication. Another focus is placed on the scientific exploration of directed self-assembly of triblock terpolymers and the investigation on the mechanisms that regulate the scaling and geometry of self-assembled patterns. A comprehensive understanding about self-assembly of BCP thin films will enable developing device-oriented geometries, manipulating BCPs phase behavior, and incorporating new functional materials for a wider range of applications. In the meanwhile, optimizing the processing condition of self-assembly of various BCPs is essential to confirm viability of the directed self-assembly of block copolymers process in manufacturing.

Download or read book Hierarchically Structured Porous Materials written by B.-L. Su and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-06 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first book devoted to this hot field of science covers materials with bimodal, trimodal and multimodal pore size, with an emphasis on the successful design, synthesis and characterization of all kinds of hierarchically porous materials using different synthesis strategies. It details formation mechanisms related to different synthesis strategies while also introducing natural phenomena of hierarchy and perspectives of hierarchical science in polymers, physics, engineering, biology and life science. Examples are given to illustrate how to design an optimal hierarchically porous material for specific applications ranging from catalysis and separation to biomedicine, photonics, and energy conversion and storage. With individual chapters written by leading experts, this is the authoritative treatment, serving as an essential reference for researchers and beginners alike.

Download or read book Self assembly Behavior of Block Copolymer homopolymer Blends in Thin Films written by Shuaigang Xiao and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Self assembly of Block Copolymer Films on Chemically Patterned Surfaces written by Richard D. Peters and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Polymer Thin Films written by Ophelia Kwan Chui Tsui and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ch. 1. Block copolymer thin films / J.-Y. Wang, S. Park and T. P. Russell -- ch. 2. Equilibration of block copolymer films on chemically patterned surfaces / G. S. W. Craig, H. Kang and P. F. Nealey -- ch. 3. Structure formation and evolution in confined cylinder-forming block copolymers / G. J. A. Sevink and J. G. E. M. Fraaije -- ch. 4. Block copolymer lithography for magnetic device fabrication / J. Y. Cheng and C. A. Ross -- ch. 5. Hierarchical structuring of polymer nanoparticles by self-organization / M. Shimomura ... [et al.] -- ch. 6. Wrinkling polymers for surface structure control and functionality / E. P. Chan and A. J. Crosby -- ch. 7. Crystallization in polymer thin films: morphology and growth / R. M. Van Horn and S. Z. D. Cheng -- ch. 8. Friction at soft polymer surface / M. K. Chaudhury, K. Vorvolakos and D. Malotky -- ch. 9. Relationship between molecular architecture, large-strain mechanical response and adhesive performance of model, block copolymer-based pressure sensitive adhesives / C. Creton and K. R. Shull -- ch. 10. Stability and dewetting of thin liquid films / K. Jacobs, R. Seemann and S. Herminghaus -- ch. 11. Anomalous dynamics of polymer Films / O. K. C. Tsui.

Download or read book Amphiphilic Polymer Co networks written by Costas S Patrickios and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-04-23 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphiphilic polymer co-networks (APCNs) are a type of polymeric hydrogel, their hydrophobic polymer segments and hydrophilic components produce less aqueous swelling, giving better mechanical properties than conventional hydrogels. This new class of polymers is attracting increasing attention, resulting in further basic research on the system, as well as new applications. This book focuses on new developments in the field of APCNs, and is organised in four sections: synthesis, properties, applications and modelling. Co-network architectures included in the book chapters are mainly those deriving from hydrophobic macro-cross-linkers, representing the classical approach; however, more modern designs are also presented. Properties of interest discussed include aqueous swelling, thermophysical and mechanical properties, self-assembly, electrical actuation, and protein adsorption. Applications described in the book chapters include the use of co-networks as soft contact lenses, scaffolds for drug delivery and tissue engineering, matrices for heterogeneous biocatalysis, and membranes of controllable permeability. Finally, an important theory chapter on the modelling of the self-assembly of APCNs is also included. The book is suitable for graduate students and researchers interested in hydrogels, polymer networks, polymer chemistry, block copolymers, self-assembly and nanomaterials, as well as their applications in contact lenses, drug delivery, tissue engineering, membranes and biocatalysis.

Download or read book Nanostructured Polymer Blends written by Juan Rodríguez-Hernández and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of polymer blends constitutes an interesting alternative to obtaining micro- and nanostructured surfaces. The cost is reasonable and it is free from time-consuming procedures. Blending of polymers can yield materials with unprecedented properties that cannot be provided otherwise by using a single polymer. The free surface topography of polymer blend films, often related to phase domain structure, is critical to the applications. Two main aspects need to be considered in the preparation of multistructured blends: the interfaces involved and the morphology to be obtained. The control of these two aspects depends further on materials-related parameters involving the composition of the blend, the interfacial tension or viscosity ratio, and the processing conditions related to the temperature, time, or intensity of mixing, among others. Both domain structure and topography of the blend films have garnered increasing interest over the past decade. This chapter describes the nanomicrostructures formed at the polymer surface from polymer blends. Despite the crucial role that surfaces play in the final application of the material, up to now most of the studies concerning polymer blends have been related to the control of the mechanical properties (toughness, stiffness, thermal expansion, etc.), their barrier properties, or the electrical conductivity. This chapter focuses on the analysis of the structured polymer surfaces and thin films, giving an overview of the role of these structures on the final application. The principles of phase separation and the resulting structures formed are briefly discussed, followed by a wide overview of the possibilities of producing stimuli-responsive interfaces by introducing, among other things, pH- or temperature-responsive polymers within the blend. Finally, we look at how using particular preparation conditions and/or self-assembly of block copolymers, the formation of films and surfaces with hierarchical order length-scales can be induced. We also examine the main areas in which multiscale-ordered interfaces obtained from polymer blends have been applied.

Download or read book Nanostructured Polymer Blends written by Gity Mir Mohamad Sadeghi and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Block copolymers (BCPs) consist of two or more chemically different polymers connected covalently, and are polymer alloys. Due to their thermodynamic incompatibility and chain connectivity, the phase separation between two (or more) blocks occurs only in a tens of nanometers range. Nanostructures are based on block copolymer self-assembly. They are functional nanomaterials less than 100nm in size and have received extensive scientific and technological attention due to their potential applications in electronic, biomedical, and optical materials. This chapter examines a variety of different synthetic strategies for preparation of linear diblock copolymers by anionic polymerization. Triblocks can be synthesized according to an appropriate synthetic pathway, depending on the monomers used and their sequence in the triblock chain. Nonlinear block copolymers including star block copolymers, graft copolymers, miktoarm star copolymers, cyclic block copolymers, and other complex architectures are explained. Microphase separation drives BCPs to self-assemble, resulting in ordered nanostructures, including spheres, cylinders, gyroids, and lamellae, depending on the composition of the BCP. In nanotechnology, self-assembly (SA) underlies various types of molecular structures built from nanoparticles, nanotubes, or nanorods. Supramolecular structures generated from amphiphilic block copolymers are characterized by a slow rate of intermicellar chain exchange which makes them interesting for a variety of applications. Basic principles of self-assembly and micellization of block copolymers in dilute solution, methods for stabilization of the macromolecular aggregates, are discussed. Stabilized nanoparticles, the so-called “smart materials,” which show responses to environmental changes (pH, temperature, ionic strength, etc.), are presented with a focus on their applications.

Download or read book Solvent Vapor Assisted Self Assembly of Patternable Block Copolymers written by Joan K. Bosworth and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Block copolymer self assembly presents a method for patterning and templating applications on the 10-50 nm length scale, a smaller scale than can be easily achieved by photolithography. Here we investigate the use of functionalized polar-nonpolar block copolymers both as photopatternable self-assembling materials and for selective infiltration of one block for patterning. Block copolymer thin films with defect-free self-assembled morphology over large domains combined with careful control of the orientation of the morphology are critical for these patterning applications. Self assembly of block copolymers is facilitated by polymer chain mobility, commonly achieved by heating block copolymer films above the glass transition temperature of the blocks. However, many block copolymer systems, including those discussed here, are thermally incompatible. Swelling in a solvent vapor, called solvent annealing, provides sufficient mobility for self assembly. Solvent annealing proved critical to forming ordered structures of functional polar-nonpolar block copolymer thin films. Thermal instability initially led to limited self assembly of combined topdown/bottom-up block copolymer systems. In this case, photolithographic functionality has been designed into block copolymers, allowing the majority component of a block copolymer to behave as a negative-tone photoresist. Solvent vapor annealing has provided a simple and inexpensive method for allowing the bottom-up self assembly of these top-down photopatternable materials. An additional benefit of solvent annealing is the ability to reversibly tune the morphology formed using the selectivity of different swelling solvents to the two blocks: that is, the choice of solvent for annealing directs the formation of different morphologies in the dried film, here spherical and cylindrical. This behavior is reversible, alternating annealing sessions lead to switching of the morphology in the film. Secondary ordering techniques applied in tandem with solvent annealing can be used to further control the self assembly and give highly ordered block copolymer domains. Here we demonstrate the use of graphoepitaxy to align block copolymer self assembly to patterns in substrates. The combination of block copolymer self assembly with lithographic crosslinking in films was initially pursued to allow precise location of assembled patterns. Taking this behavior a step further, we combine solvent annealing, used to reversibly tune the self-assembled morphology, and lithographic patterning, used to prevent switching in exposed regions. This combined process has provided a method for selectively patterning 100 nm-wide domains of spherical morphology within regions of parallel-oriented cylindrical morphology. We also investigate solvent annealing of a block copolymer blended with a hydrogen bonding material that selectively segregates into the polar block. Blending provides a method of tuning the periodicity upon solvent annealing for self assembly, with morphology control again possible by solvent selectivity. Selective extraction of the blended material forms voids displaying the tunable periodicity, and the pattern is then transferred by templating to inorganic materials.

Download or read book Directed Self assembly of Diblock Copolymer Thin Films on Chemically Nanopatterned Substrates written by Erik WiIliam Edwards and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Functional Polymer Films 2 Volume Set written by Wolfgang Knoll and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-12 with total page 1107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very thin film materials have emerged as a highly interesting and useful quasi 2D-state functionality. They have given rise to numerous applications ranging from protective and smart coatings to electronics, sensors and display technology as well as serving biological, analytical and medical purposes. The tailoring of polymer film properties and functions has become a major research field. As opposed to the traditional treatise on polymer and resin-based coatings, this one-stop reference is the first to give readers a comprehensive view of the latest macromolecular and supramolecular film-based nanotechnology. Bringing together all the important facets and state-of-the-art research, the two well-structured volumes cover film assembly and depostion, functionality and patterning, and analysis and characterization. The result is an in-depth understanding of the phenomena, ordering, scale effects, fabrication, and analysis of polymer ultrathin films. This book will be a valuable addition for Materials Scientists, Polymer Chemists, Surface Scientists, Bioengineers, Coatings Specialists, Chemical Engineers, and Scientists working in this important research field and industry.

Download or read book Materials Nanoarchitectonics written by Katsuhiko Ariga and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-07 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Nanoarchitectonics: From Integrated Molecular Systems to Advanced Devices provides the latest information on the design and molecular manipulation of self-organized hierarchically structured systems using tailor-made nanoscale materials as structural and functional units. The book is organized into three main sections that focus on molecular design of building blocks and hybrid materials, formation of nanostructures, and applications and devices. Bringing together emerging materials, synthetic aspects, nanostructure strategies, and applications, the book aims to support further progress, by offering different perspectives and a strong interdisciplinary approach to this rapidly growing area of innovation. This is an extremely valuable resource for researchers, advanced students, and scientists in industry, with an interest in nanoarchitectonics, nanostructures, and nanomaterials, or across the areas of nanotechnology, chemistry, surface science, polymer science, electrical engineering, physics, chemical engineering, and materials science. - Offers a nanoarchitectonic perspective on emerging fields, such as metal-organic frameworks, porous polymer materials, or biomimetic nanostructures - Discusses different approaches to utilizing "soft chemistry" as a source for hierarchically organized materials - Offers an interdisciplinary approach to the design and construction of integrated chemical nano systems - Discusses novel approaches towards the creation of complex multiscale architectures

Download or read book Directed Self assembly of Block Copolymers with Functional Materials written by Yi Ding (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Block copolymers (BCPs) are a class of soft materials consisting of two (or more) different chains joint together by covalent bond. This special chemical structure leads to microphase separation and consequently a variety of highly controllable self-assembly patterns. Directed self-assembly (DSA) of BCPs has therefore emerged as one of the most promising technologies to fabricate functional nanostructures and is able to produce patterns with ultra-small resolution (sub-10 nm) while maintaining high throughput and order. However, existing DSA methods depend mostly on carbon or silicon-based BCPs, thus lack functionality for sophisticated applications. This work aims at expanding the capability of DSA techniques by exploring new ways of incorporating functional materials into the BCP matrix and by imposing non-native symmetries on the BCP patterns. First, we focused on constructing nanocomposite thin films composed of BCPs and various types of functional materials (i.e., inorganic ions, inorganic-organic complex, organic compounds and nanoparticles). Based upon this methodology, we developed novel ways of fabricating mesoporous thin film structures with rectangular, triangular and quasicrystalline symmetries by means of graphoepitaxial post array templates. On the other hand, we also examined the limits of DSA by introducing artificial noise to mimic fabrication errors and studied the corresponding responses from BCP. This study demonstrates the potential of DSA of BCP in building thin film nanostructure of unconventional symmetries with functional components.