Download or read book California Seismic Retrofit Policies written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1993-07 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy and Seismic Renovation Strategies for Sustainable Cities written by Giuseppe Margani and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principle of sustainability should be strictly connected with safety, since both aim to conserve resources: in the case of sustainability, the resources are typically thought of as environmental, while in the case of safety, the resources are basically human. In spite of this common ground, discussions on sustainability usually give insufficient attention to safety. In the last years the EU has made large investments to increase the energy efficiency of the existing building stock, paving the way for a low-carbon future; however, less effort has been made to enhance its seismic resilience. Therefore, the safety and, consequently, the sustainability of towns situated in earthquake-prone countries remain inadequate. In such countries, energy renovation actions should be combined with seismic retrofitting. However, a number of barriers considerably limit the real possibility of extensively undertaking combined retrofit actions, especially for multi-owner housing and high-rise buildings. These barriers are of different kinds: technical (e.g., unfeasibility and/or ineffectiveness of conventional retrofit solutions), financial (e.g., high renovation costs, insufficient incentives/subsidies), organizational (e.g., occupants’ disruption and relocation, renovation consensus by condominium ownerships), and cultural/social (insufficient information and skills, lack of adequate policy measures for promoting renovation actions). This book aims to overcome these barriers and to bridge the gap between sustainability and safety, so to conserve both human and environmental resources.

Download or read book Guidelines for Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This renamed version of the former Uniform code for building conservation guidelines for retrofitting unreinforced masonry bearing wall buildings, reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry buildings, wood frame residential buildings, and concrete with masonry infill buildings.

Download or read book Seismic Retrofit Policies written by Cynthia A. Hoover and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook on Seismic Retrofit of Buildings written by Amarnath Chakrabarti and published by Alpha Science International, Limited. This book was released on 2008 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook on Seismic Retrofit of Buildings is a compiled source of technical information for engineers and professionals in the buildings industry, decision making officials and students. The Handbook is divided into 17 chapters, covering - basic concepts of earthquakes, seismic design and retrofit of buildings, seismic vulnerability assessment, retrofit strategies for different types of buildings, geotechnical and foundation aspects, advanced applications, quality assurance and case studies.

Download or read book Energy and Seismic Renovation Strategies for Sustainable Cities written by Giuseppe Margani and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principle of sustainability should be strictly connected with safety, since both aim to conserve resources: in the case of sustainability, the resources are typically thought of as environmental, while in the case of safety, the resources are basically human. In spite of this common ground, discussions on sustainability usually give insufficient attention to safety. In the last years the EU has made large investments to increase the energy efficiency of the existing building stock, paving the way for a low-carbon future; however, less effort has been made to enhance its seismic resilience. Therefore, the safety and, consequently, the sustainability of towns situated in earthquake-prone countries remain inadequate. In such countries, energy renovation actions should be combined with seismic retrofitting. However, a number of barriers considerably limit the real possibility of extensively undertaking combined retrofit actions, especially for multi-owner housing and high-rise buildings. These barriers are of different kinds: technical (e.g., unfeasibility and/or ineffectiveness of conventional retrofit solutions), financial (e.g., high renovation costs, insufficient incentives/subsidies), organizational (e.g., occupants' disruption and relocation, renovation consensus by condominium ownerships), and cultural/social (insufficient information and skills, lack of adequate policy measures for promoting renovation actions). This book aims to overcome these barriers and to bridge the gap between sustainability and safety, so to conserve both human and environmental resources.

Download or read book Advanced Design Examples of Seismic Retrofit of Structures written by Mohammad Yekrangnia and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2018-09-13 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Design Examples of Seismic Retrofit of Structures provides insights on the problems associated with the seismic retrofitting of existing structures. The authors present various international case studies of seismic retrofitting projects and the different possible strategies on how to handle complex problems encountered. Users will find tactics on a variety of problems that are commonly faced, including problems faced by engineers and authorities who have little or no experience in the practice of seismic retrofitting. Provides several examples of retrofitting projects that cover different structural systems, from non-engineered houses, to frame buildings Presents various retrofitting methods through examples Provides detailed, step-by-step design procedures for each example Includes real retrofit projects with photos of the details of various retrofitting techniques Contains several modeling details and hints making use of various software in this area

Download or read book Planning and Engineering Guidelines for the Seismic Retrofitting of Historic Adobe Structures written by E. Leroy Tolles and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2003-03-20 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adobe, or mud brick, has been widely used as a building material in the American Southwest, including California. The vulnerability of many original adobe structures to damage or destruction from earthquakes has been of great concern. The guidelines presented here address the practical aspects of this problem and represent the culmination of 12 years of research and testing on the seismic retrofitting of adobe buildings. These guidelines can assist in the planning of seismic retrofitting projects consistent with both conservation principles and established public policy.

Download or read book Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings written by Matthew Fox and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2024-09-19 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings is a concise and easy-to-use guideline for practising engineers to assess and design successful seismic retrofit interventions for existing vulnerable buildings. It offers readers guidance on both conceptual design strategies and relevant detailed design considerations.

Download or read book Reducing the Seismic Vulnerability of Existing Buildings Assessment and Retrofit written by Tiago Miguel Ferreira and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-31 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Reducing the Seismic Vulnerability of Existing Buildings: Assessment and Retrofit that was published in Buildings

Download or read book Effectiveness of Unreinforced Masonry Seismic Retrofit Programmes written by Qing Tong and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implementing seismic risk mitigation programmes for earthquake-prone unreinforced masonry buildings (URM) is critical to ensure public safety and community resilience in regions of moderate and high seismicity. In New Zealand, it is a mandatory requirement to strengthen earthquake-prone buildings within a prescribed timeframe. However, the rate of compliance has been slow. Building owners delay or hesitate to undertake seismic strengthening, mainly due to uncertainties involved in cost (Egbelakin et al., 2014) [1]. While cost is the pivot of the owner's decision-making process, an effective design of government-led programmes is essential to engage the owners and increase the rate of compliance. This paper compared similar mandatory URM programmes in the United States and New Zealand to identify critical contributors to the success of each programme. In addition, this paper implements a regression analysis using actual remediation cost data gathered from a recent mandatory strengthening programme in New Zealand to identify significant cost factors in seismic strengthening. From the comparison, six key contributors to programme success were recognised, including 1) efficient and flexible financial options; 2) alternative retrofit design solutions; 3) fair penalties and enforcement tools; 4) a clearly laid out action plan and time limits for compliance; 5) dedicated local council staff and case managers; 6) consultation with building owners. The cost model suggested that building characteristics, location, and heritage status are significant in seismic strengthening costs. The findings contribute to the fine-tuning of future programme designs and the understanding of financial impediments building owners face in seismic strengthening. Significant cost factors identified in this study indicate where the allocation of government funding is required the most to maximise the incentivising of owners for early adoption of compliance measures.

Download or read book ASCE Standard ASCE SEI 41 17 Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings written by American Society of Civil Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standard ASCE/SEI 41-17 describes deficiency-based and systematic procedures that use performance-based principles to evaluate and retrofit existing buildings to withstand the effects of earthquakes.

Download or read book Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges written by M. J. N. Priestley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-12 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of their structural simplicity, bridges tend to beparticularly vulnerable to damage and even collapse when subjectedto earthquakes or other forms of seismic activity. Recentearthquakes, such as the ones in Kobe, Japan, and Oakland,California, have led to a heightened awareness of seismic risk andhave revolutionized bridge design and retrofit philosophies. In Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges, three of the world's topauthorities on the subject have collaborated to produce the mostexhaustive reference on seismic bridge design currently available.Following a detailed examination of the seismic effects of actualearthquakes on local area bridges, the authors demonstrate designstrategies that will make these and similar structures optimallyresistant to the damaging effects of future seismicdisturbances. Relying heavily on worldwide research associated with recentquakes, Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges begins with anin-depth treatment of seismic design philosophy as it applies tobridges. The authors then describe the various geotechnicalconsiderations specific to bridge design, such as soil-structureinteraction and traveling wave effects. Subsequent chapters coverconceptual and actual design of various bridge superstructures, andmodeling and analysis of these structures. As the basis for their design strategies, the authors' focus is onthe widely accepted capacity design approach, in which particularlyvulnerable locations of potentially inelastic flexural deformationare identified and strengthened to accommodate a greater degree ofstress. The text illustrates how accurate application of thecapacity design philosophy to the design of new bridges results instructures that can be expected to survive most earthquakes withonly minor, repairable damage. Because the majority of today's bridges were built before thecapacity design approach was understood, the authors also devoteseveral chapters to the seismic assessment of existing bridges,with the aim of designing and implementing retrofit measures toprotect them against the damaging effects of future earthquakes.These retrofitting techniques, though not considered appropriate inthe design of new bridges, are given considerable emphasis, sincethey currently offer the best solution for the preservation ofthese vital and often historically valued thoroughfares. Practical and applications-oriented, Seismic Design and Retrofit ofBridges is enhanced with over 300 photos and line drawings toillustrate key concepts and detailed design procedures. As the onlytext currently available on the vital topic of seismic bridgedesign, it provides an indispensable reference for civil,structural, and geotechnical engineers, as well as students inrelated engineering courses. A state-of-the-art text on earthquake-proof design and retrofit ofbridges Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges fills the urgent need for acomprehensive and up-to-date text on seismic-ally resistant bridgedesign. The authors, all recognized leaders in the field,systematically cover all aspects of bridge design related toseismic resistance for both new and existing bridges. * A complete overview of current design philosophy for bridges,with related seismic and geotechnical considerations * Coverage of conceptual design constraints and their relationshipto current design alternatives * Modeling and analysis of bridge structures * An exhaustive look at common building materials and theirresponse to seismic activity * A hands-on approach to the capacity design process * Use of isolation and dissipation devices in bridge design * Important coverage of seismic assessment and retrofit design ofexisting bridges

Download or read book Earthquake Hazard Mitigation and Earthquake Insurance written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Policy Research and Insurance and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Establishing a Seismic Retrofit Policy written by Kathleen Marie Keenan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Earthquake hazard mitigation and earthquake insurance written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Policy Research and Insurance and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Performance Based Analytics Driven Seismic Retrofit of Woodframe Buildings written by Zhengxiang Yi and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Woodframe construction is commonly used for single and multifamily residential buildings in the United States. In many parts of California, multifamily woodframe residential buildings are constructed with open first stories, which have much less strength and stiffness compared to the ones above. In older single-family residences, the "crawl space" is constructed with unbraced and unbolted cripple walls. Both these conditions lead to a soft-story response during seismic loading, resulting significant damage, economic losses and even collapse. This type of vulnerability is often addressed through seismic retrofits, which can be mandated by local jurisdictions (e.g., the Los Angeles Soft-Story Ordinance) or incentivized by state or local entities (e.g., the California Earthquake Authority Brace and Bolt Program). A key challenge in implementing these retrofit programs (mandated or incentivized) is quantifying the improvements in performance at the individual and portfolio scale and creating design procedures that maximize the overall benefit. This research integrates nonlinear structural modeling, performance-based assessments and advanced statistical and machine learning techniques to quantify the benefit of soft-story woodframe building retrofit and develop optimal design solutions that maximize regional performance. The considered construction types include single-family houses with unbraced cripple walls developed as part of the recently completed Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (PEER) and California Earthquake Authority (CEA) project and multi-family residences with soft, weak and open front wall lines (SWOF). An end-to-end computational platform is developed to automate the construction and analysis of archetype numerical models in OpenSees and conduct seismic evaluations based on the PEER performance-based earthquake engineering framework. The performance of existing and retrofitted buildings is assessed in terms of collapse safety and direct (due to earthquake damage) economic losses. The effect of retrofit and various structural characteristics is illuminated for the single-family cripple wall houses. 2^k full factorial experiment design combined with hypothesis testing is used to identify the most influential structural properties. Two story buildings performed worse than their one-story counterparts and pre-1945 buildings performed better than pre-1955 construction. Building performance is found to be positively correlated with cripple wall heights and cripple wall retrofits provided significant overall improvements. Surrogate models are developed as a compact statistical link between key structural characteristics and seismic performance. Several machine learning algorithms are investigated for predicting the building median collapse intensity and expected annual loss using the cripple wall height, seismic weight, damping ratio and material properties as features. The XGBoost algorithm provides the most accurate prediction and on average, limits the prediction error to less than 10%. Using the well-developed machine learning models, additional sensitivity analyses are conducted and the effect of model uncertainty on collapse safety and expected annual losses is quantified using Monte Carlo simulation. For the SWOF buildings, a multi-scale cost-benefit analysis of the Los Angeles Soft-Story Ordinance Retrofit is performed. Individual buildings take an average of four to five years for the reduced earthquake losses to exceed the one-time retrofit cost. At the portfolio-scale, the average cost-benefit ratio is found to be 0.32 for the hypothetical M 7.1 Puente Hills scenario earthquake. A stochastic event-set cost-benefit assessment is also performed, where all events (approximately 8,000) that are significant to the region are considered. From this assessment, it is determined that the probability of achieving a desirable cost-benefit ratio (value between 0.0 and 1.0) within a 50-year period is approximately 0.9. Lastly, a retrofit design optimization framework is proposed with the goal of maximizing performance-based benefits at the regional scale. The methodology relies a machine learning-based surrogate model to predict seismic performances of retrofitted buildings given the design parameters. Then, a stochastic optimization algorithm is implemented to find the retrofit designs that maximize the improvement in seismic performance for the entire portfolio under a set of pre-defined constraints. The algorithmic retrofit leads to collapse losses that are comparable to the Los Angeles Ordinance guidelines while using only 60% of the resources. The performance-oriented framework is shown to address the inefficiency of conventional strength-based retrofit policies.