Download or read book Seismic Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers Considering Postearthquake Capacity Degradation written by Borislav Todorov and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges play a key role in the transportation sector while serving as lifelines for the economy and safety of communities. The need for resilient bridges is especially important following natural disasters, where they serve as evacuation, aid, and supply routes to an affected area. Much of the earthquake engineering community is interested in improving the resiliency of bridges, and many contributions to the field have been made in the past decades, where a shift towards performancebased design (PBD) practices is underway. While the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) has implemented PBD as a requirement for the seismic design of lifeline and major route bridges, the nature of PBD techniques translate to a design process that is not universally compatible for all scenarios and hazards. Therefore, there is great benefit to be realised in the development of PBD guidelines for mainshock-aftershock seismic sequences for scenarios in which the chance to assess and repair a bridge is not possible following a recent mainshock. This research analytically explored a parameterized set of 20 reinforced concrete bridge piers which share several geometrical and material properties with typical bridge bents that support many Canadian bridges. Of those piers, half are designed using current PBD guidelines provided in the 2019 edition of the CHBDC, whereas the remaining half are designed with insufficient transverse reinforcement commonly found in the bridges designed pre-2000. To support this study, a nonlinear fiber-based modelling approach with a proposed material strength degradation scheme is developed using the OpenSEES finite element analysis software. A multiple conditional mean spectra (CMS) approach is used to select a suite of 50 mainshock-aftershock ground motion records for the selected site in Vancouver, British Columbia, which consist of crustal, inslab, and interface earthquakes that commonly occur in areas near the Cascadia Subduction zone. Nonlinear time history analysis is performed for mainshock-only and mainshock-aftershock excitations, and static pushover analysis is also performed in lateral and axial directions for the intact columns, as well as in their respective post-MS and post-AS damaged states. Using the resulting data, a framework for post-earthquake seismic capacity estimation of the bridge piers is developed using machine learning regression methods, where several candidate models are tuned using an exhaustive grid search algorithm approach and k-fold crossvalidation. The tuned models are fitted and evaluated against a test set of data to determine a single best performing model using a multiple scorer performance index as the metric. The resulting performance index suggests that the decision tree model is the most suitable regressor for capacity estimation due to this model exhibiting the highest accuracy as well as lowest residual error. Moreover, this study also assessed the fragility of the bridge piers subjected to mainshock-only and mainshock-aftershock earthquakes. Probabilistic seismic demand models (PSDMs) are derived for the columns designed using current PBD guidelines (PBD-compliant) to evaluate whether the current PBD criteria is sufficient for resisting aftershock effects. Additional PSDMs are generated for the columns with inadequate transverse reinforcement (PBD-deficient) to assess aftershock vulnerability of older bridges. The developed fragility curves indicate an increased fragility of all bridge piers for all damage levels. The findings indicate that adequate aftershock performance is achieved for bridge piers designed to current (2019) CHBDC extensive damage level criteria. Furthermore, it is suggested that minimal damage performance criteria need to be developed for aftershock effects, and the repairable damage level be reintroduced for major route bridges.

Download or read book Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Allowed to Uplift During Multi Directional Excitation written by Andres Oscar Espinoza and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Allowed to Uplift During Multi-Directional Excitation by Andres Oscar Espinoza Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering - Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California, Berkeley Professor Stephen A. Mahin, Chair The behavior of bridges subjected to recent moderate and large earthquakes has led to bridge design detailed for better seismic performance, particularly through wider bridge foundations to handle larger expected design forces. Foundation uplift, which is not employed in conventional bridge design, has been identified as an important mechanism, in conjunction with structural yielding and soil-structure interaction that may dissipate energy during earthquakes. Preventing uplift through wider foundations looks past the technical and economical feasibility of allowing foundation uplift during seismic events. The research presented in this thesis is part of a larger experimental and analytical investigation to develop and validate design methods for bridge piers on shallow foundations allowed to uplift during seismic events. Several analytical and some experimental studies have been performed to assess rocking and or uplift of shallow foundation systems, however they have evaluated systems with a limited range of footing dimensions and seismic excitations. As such, there is an uncertainty in the information needed to base a performance evaluation and develop design methods. The purpose of this study is to investigate, through experimental and analytical studies, the seismic performance of uplifting bridge piers on shallow foundations when considering different ground motions and footing dimensions. As well as to identify key differences in performance evaluation criteria for conventional and uplifting bridge pier systems. The experimental study dynamically tested a single reinforced concrete bridge column specimen with three adjustable footing configurations grouped by footing dimension, and tested for various combinations of one, two, and three components of seismic excitation. Groups one and two evaluated uplifting systems where the column was limited to elastic loading levels while group three considered inelastic column loading levels. All test groups remained stable and exhibited some rocking and or uplift during testing. Analytical models were developed and validated using the experimental testing results to predict local and global footing and column response. Reliable estimates of forces and displacements during elastic and inelastic response were achieved. To assess the seismic performance of a range of bridge pier systems allowed to uplift a parametric investigation using the validated analytical models was performed in which the column was modeled per conventional design criteria to ensure adequate strength and flexural ductility. The parameters varied include footing width, ground motion excitation, and elastic or inelastic column response. Response of the uplifting bridge pier systems was found to be sensitive to the structural periods, magnitude of excitation, and footing width.

Download or read book Seismic Performance of Hollow Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers with Confined Corner Elements written by Eric Michael Hines and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Performance of Sheer critical Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers written by J. B. Mander and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Seismic Performance of Steel Encased Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piles written by Robert James Thomas Park and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Framework for Damage based Probabilistic Seismic Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Frames written by YeongAe Heo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic performance of shear critical reinforced concrete bridge piers written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Performance of a Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pier written by Matthew John Schoettler and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental and Computational Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Beam column Connections for Seismic Performance written by Clay Joshua Naito and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Blast Performance of Seismically Resistant Concrete filled Steel Tube Bridge Piers written by Shuichi Fujikura and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Blast Performance of Seismically Resistant Bridge Piers written by Shūichi Fujikura and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Performance of a Model Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pier Before and After Retrofit written by J. B. Mander and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges written by Jeffrey Ger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinear static monotonic (pushover) analysis has become a common practice in performance-based bridge seismic design. The popularity of pushover analysis is due to its ability to identify the failure modes and the design limit states of bridge piers and to provide the progressive collapse sequence of damaged bridges when subjected to major earthquakes. Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges fills the need for a complete reference on pushover analysis for practicing engineers. This technical reference covers the pushover analysis of reinforced concrete and steel bridges with confined and unconfined concrete column members of either circular or rectangular cross sections as well as steel members of standard shapes. It provides step-by-step procedures for pushover analysis with various nonlinear member stiffness formulations, including: Finite segment–finite string (FSFS) Finite segment–moment curvature (FSMC) Axial load–moment interaction (PM) Constant moment ratio (CMR) Plastic hinge length (PHL) Ranging from the simplest to the most sophisticated, the methods are suitable for engineers with varying levels of experience in nonlinear structural analysis. The authors also provide a downloadable computer program, INSTRUCT (INelastic STRUCTural Analysis of Reinforced-Concrete and Steel Structures), that allows readers to perform their own pushover analyses. Numerous real-world examples demonstrate the accuracy of analytical prediction by comparing numerical results with full- or large-scale test results. A useful reference for researchers and engineers working in structural engineering, this book also offers an organized collection of nonlinear pushover analysis applications for students.

Download or read book Design and Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridges for Seismic Resistance written by Mark Amos Aschheim and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cumulative Seismic Damage of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting Frames written by Omar El Kafrawy and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers Under Simulated Winter Conditions microform written by Michael Holleran and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1998 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: