Download or read book Health and Incarceration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-08-08 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past four decades, the rate of incarceration in the United States has skyrocketed to unprecedented heights, both historically and in comparison to that of other developed nations. At far higher rates than the general population, those in or entering U.S. jails and prisons are prone to many health problems. This is a problem not just for them, but also for the communities from which they come and to which, in nearly all cases, they will return. Health and Incarceration is the summary of a workshop jointly sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences(NAS) Committee on Law and Justice and the Institute of Medicine(IOM) Board on Health and Select Populations in December 2012. Academics, practitioners, state officials, and nongovernmental organization representatives from the fields of healthcare, prisoner advocacy, and corrections reviewed what is known about these health issues and what appear to be the best opportunities to improve healthcare for those who are now or will be incarcerated. The workshop was designed as a roundtable with brief presentations from 16 experts and time for group discussion. Health and Incarceration reviews what is known about the health of incarcerated individuals, the healthcare they receive, and effects of incarceration on public health. This report identifies opportunities to improve healthcare for these populations and provides a platform for visions of how the world of incarceration health can be a better place.
Download or read book Segregation in Correctional Facilities and Mental and Physical Health written by Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solitary confinement is a complex and controversial issue. Some findings suggest that solitary confinement has detrimental psychological effects on inmates whereas other findings suggest that solitary confinement does not cause psychological effects. In a 2001 study reporting on administrative segregation in a Canadian setting, findings suggested that over a period of 60 days, the mental health and physiological functioning of segregated inmates did not seem to deteriorate. However, this study has been criticized for high refusal rates, high attrition rates, small sample size, and short duration. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence regarding the effects of segregation or solitary confinement on mental and physical health of inmates in correctional facilities and to review the evidence-based guidelines regarding segregation or solitary confinement in correctional facilities.
Download or read book A Mental Health Treatment Program for Inmates in Restrictive Housing written by Ashley B. Batastini and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This treatment program targets the criminal, behavioral, and mental health problems of inmates in segregated housing that prevents them from living prosocially and productively within the general prison population. The program makes use of a bi-adaptive psychoeducational and cognitive-behavioral treatment model to increase inmates’ understanding about the psychological and criminal antecedents that contributed to their current placement, and to teach them the skills necessary for managing these problem areas. This flexible intervention assists inmates with significant problem behaviors by reducing psychological impairment and improving their ability to cope with prison life. This book includes a program introduction and guide for clinicians, the inmate workbook, and accompanying eResources to assist clinicians in both successful program implementation and evaluation of treatment outcomes. Designed to account for the safety and physical limitations that make the delivery of needed mental and behavioral health services difficult, this guide is essential reading for practitioners working with high-needs, high-risk inmate populations.
Download or read book Hell Is a Very Small Place written by Jean Casella and published by New Press, The. This book was released on 2014-11-11 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An unforgettable look at the peculiar horrors and humiliations involved in solitary confinement” from the prisoners who have survived it (New York Review of Books). On any given day, the United States holds more than eighty-thousand people in solitary confinement, a punishment that—beyond fifteen days—has been denounced as a form of cruel and degrading treatment by the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture. Now, in a book that will add a startling new dimension to the debates around human rights and prison reform, former and current prisoners describe the devastating effects of isolation on their minds and bodies, the solidarity expressed between individuals who live side by side for years without ever meeting one another face to face, the ever-present specters of madness and suicide, and the struggle to maintain hope and humanity. As Chelsea Manning wrote from her own solitary confinement cell, “The personal accounts by prisoners are some of the most disturbing that I have ever read.” These firsthand accounts are supplemented by the writing of noted experts, exploring the psychological, legal, ethical, and political dimensions of solitary confinement. “Do we really think it makes sense to lock so many people alone in tiny cells for twenty-three hours a day, for months, sometimes for years at a time? That is not going to make us safer. That’s not going to make us stronger.” —President Barack Obama “Elegant but harrowing.” —San Francisco Chronicle “A potent cry of anguish from men and women buried way down in the hole.” —Kirkus Reviews
Download or read book The Growth of Incarceration in the United States written by Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of stability from the 1920s to the early 1970s, the rate of imprisonment in the United States has increased fivefold during the last four decades. The U.S. penal population of 2.2 million adults is by far the largest in the world. Just under one-quarter of the world's prisoners are held in American prisons. The U.S. rate of incarceration, with nearly 1 out of every 100 adults in prison or jail, is 5 to 10 times higher than the rates in Western Europe and other democracies. The U.S. prison population is largely drawn from the most disadvantaged part of the nation's population: mostly men under age 40, disproportionately minority, and poorly educated. Prisoners often carry additional deficits of drug and alcohol addictions, mental and physical illnesses, and lack of work preparation or experience. The growth of incarceration in the United States during four decades has prompted numerous critiques and a growing body of scientific knowledge about what prompted the rise and what its consequences have been for the people imprisoned, their families and communities, and for U.S. society. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines research and analysis of the dramatic rise of incarceration rates and its affects. This study makes the case that the United States has gone far past the point where the numbers of people in prison can be justified by social benefits and has reached a level where these high rates of incarceration themselves constitute a source of injustice and social harm. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines policy changes that created an increasingly punitive political climate and offers specific policy advice in sentencing policy, prison policy, and social policy. The report also identifies important research questions that must be answered to provide a firmer basis for policy. This report is a call for change in the way society views criminals, punishment, and prison. This landmark study assesses the evidence and its implications for public policy to inform an extensive and thoughtful public debate about and reconsideration of policies.
Download or read book Solitary Confinement written by Jules Lobel and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The use of solitary confinement in prisons became common with the rise of the modern penitentiary during the first half of the nineteenth century and his since remained a feature of many prison systems all over the world. Solitary confinement is used for a panoply of different reasons although research tells us that these practices have widespread negative health effects. Besides the death penalty, it is arguably the most punitive and dangerous intervention available to state authorities in democratic nations. Nevertheless, in the United States there are currently an estimated 80,000 to 100,000 prisoners in small cells for more than 22 hours per day with little or no social contact and no physical contact visits with family or friends. Even in Scandinavia, thousands of prisoners are placed in solitary confinement every year and with an alarming frequency. These facts have spawned international interest in this topic and a growing international reform movement, which includes researchers, litigators, and human rights defenders as well as prison staff and prisoners. This book is the first to take a broad international comparative approach and to apply an interdisciplinary lens to this subject. In this volume neuroscientists, high-level prison officials, social and political scientists, medical doctors, lawyers, and former prisoners and their families from different countries will address the effects and practices of prolonged solitary confinement and the movement for its reform and abolition"--
Download or read book Public Health Behind Bars written by Robert B. Greifinger and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume takes a comprehensive look at factors that impact correctional health care and the related implications for public health and public health policy. It identifies the most compelling health problems behind bars (including communicable and chronic diseases, mental illness, addiction, and suicide), pinpoints systemic barriers to care, and explains how correctional medicine can shift from emergency or crisis care to primary care and prevention. It also discusses the impact of public policy on correctional populations and analyzes the impact on public health as prisoners are released. In this new edition, the multidisciplinary authorship continues to make a timely case for correctional health care that is humane for those incarcerated and beneficial to the communities they re-enter. Keeping in mind that the United States of America leads the world in the percentage of its population that is incarcerated, the book grapples with whether crime in our communities is diminished by incarcerating more and more people and whether health care behind bars could improve the health status of our communities. Special concerns arise when there are prisoners with physical or mental disabilities, who have spent long periods in segregation, and others who are simply growing old. New to the second edition are chapters on correctional nursing, sanitation to prevent intramural transmission, transitions from prisons to communities, the European experience, and root cause analysis for quality improvement, as well as revisions/updates to more than half of the chapters from the first edition that published in 2007. Public Health Behind Bars: From Prisons to Communities, 2nd Edition, should be of immediate interest to correctional health practitioners and correctional administrators. The text also is essential reading for civil rights attorneys, journalists, scholars whose work is at the interface of criminal justice and public health, and students of criminal justice, public health, community health, healthcare administration, health policy, civil rights law, and sociology. "In 2007, when Robert Greifinger first compiled a trove of information about the distressing intersection of public health and incarceration, it was, he says, like a textbook for a class that didn't exist. Since then the physical and mental health care crisis in our prisons and jails has aroused a national sense of urgency, and this extensively updated collection of solutions-based essays could not be more timely. It is an invaluable resource for policy-makers, educators, reform activists - and journalists". - Bill Keller, Founding Editor, The Marshall Project, New York, NY, USA.
Download or read book Callous and Cruel written by Jamie Fellner and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This 127-page report details incidents in which correctional staff have deluged prisoners with painful chemical sprays, shocked them with powerful electric stun weapons, and strapped them for days in restraining chairs or beds. Staff have broken prisoners' jaws, noses, ribs; left them with lacerations requiring stitches, second-degree burns, deep bruises, and damaged internal organs. In some cases, the force used has led to their death"--Publisher's website, as viewed June 1, 2015.
Download or read book Insane written by Alisa Roth and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An urgent exposéf the mental health crisis in our courts, jails, and prisons America has made mental illness a crime. Jails in New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago each house more people with mental illnesses than any hospital. As many as half of all people in America's jails and prisons have a psychiatric disorder. One in four fatal police shootings involves a person with such disorders. In this revelatory book, journalist Alisa Roth goes deep inside the criminal justice system to show how and why it has become a warehouse where inmates are denied proper treatment, abused, and punished in ways that make them sicker. Through intimate stories of people in the system and those trying to fix it, Roth reveals the hidden forces behind this crisis and suggests how a fairer and more humane approach might look. Insane is a galvanizing wake-up call for criminal justice reformers and anyone concerned about the plight of our most vulnerable.
Download or read book Corrections Mental Health and Social Policy written by Robert K. Ax and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2007 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is well suited to readers dealing with correctional issues in today's complex global society. Given the task of providing adequate mental health care to the burgeoning U.S. prison population, including those thousands with serious mental illnesses who have defaulted from the nation's disjointed mental health systems, the book provides a consideration of approaches and ideas beyond those generated in the domestic academic-practitioner community, including the mental health concerns that transcend borders and national sovereignty. In this category are the treatment and management of te.
Download or read book Hard Time written by Robert Johnson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hard Time: A Fresh Look at Understanding and Reforming the Prison, 4th Edition, is a revised and updated version of the highly successful text addressing the origins, evolution, and promise of America’s penal system. Draws from both ethnographic and professional material, and situates the prison experience within both contemporary and historical contexts Features first person accounts from male and female inmates and staff, revealing what it’s actually like to live and work in prison Includes all-new chapters on prison reform and on supermax correctional facilities, including the latest research on confinement, long-term segregation, and death row Explores a wide range of topics, including the nature of prison as punishment; prisoner personality types and coping strategies; gang violence; prison officers’ custodial duties; and psychological, educational, and work programs Develops policy recommendations for the future based on qualitative and quantitative research and evidence-based initiatives
Download or read book Solitary written by Terry A. Kupers and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “When I testify in court, I am often asked: ‘What is the damage of long-term solitary confinement?’ . . . Many prisoners emerge from prison after years in solitary with very serious psychiatric symptoms even though outwardly they may appear emotionally stable. The damage from isolation is dreadfully real.” —Terry Allen Kupers Imagine spending nearly twenty-four hours a day alone, confined to an eight-by-ten-foot windowless cell. This is the reality of approximately one hundred thousand inmates in solitary confinement in the United States today. Terry Allen Kupers, one of the nation’s foremost experts on the mental health effects of solitary confinement, tells the powerful stories of the inmates he has interviewed while investigating prison conditions during the past forty years. Touring supermax security prisons as a forensic psychiatrist, Kupers has met prisoners who have been viciously beaten or raped, subdued with immobilizing gas, or ignored in the face of urgent medical and psychiatric needs. Kupers criticizes the physical and psychological abuse of prisoners and then offers rehabilitative alternatives to supermax isolation. Solitary is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding the true damage that solitary confinement inflicts on individuals living in isolation as well as on our society as a whole.
Download or read book Ill equipped written by Sasha Abramsky and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recommendations -- Background -- Who are the mentally ill in prison? -- Mental illness and women prisoners -- Systems in transition -- Difficulties mentally ill prisoners face coping in prison -- Inadequate responses and abuses by correctional staff -- Inadequate mental health treatment in prisons -- Insufficient provision of specialized facilities for seriously ill prisoners -- Case study: Alabama, a system in crisis -- Mentally ill prisoners and segregation -- Suicide and self-mutilation -- Failure to provide discharge services -- Legal standards.
Download or read book Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.
Download or read book Mental Health in Prisons written by Alice Mills and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the prison environment, architecture and culture can affect mental health as well as determine both the type and delivery of mental health services. It also discusses how non-medical practices, such as peer support and prison education programs, offer the possibility of transformative practice and support. By drawing on international contributions, it furthermore demonstrates how mental health in prisons is affected by wider socio-economic and cultural factors, and how in recent years neo-liberalism has abandoned, criminalised and contained large numbers of the world’s most marginalised and vulnerable populations. Overall, this collection challenges the dominant narrative of individualism by focusing instead on the relationship between structural inequalities, suffering, survival and punishment. Chapter 2 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.
Download or read book A Treatment Manual for Justice Involved Persons with Mental Illness written by Robert D. Morgan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-12 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please click on the Companion Website link above or visit www.routledge.com/cw/morgan to access the companion workbook, Changing Lives, Changing Outcomes: A Treatment Program for Justice-Involved Persons with Mental Illness. A Treatment Manual for Justice Involved Persons with Mental Illness comprises a comprehensive and structured treatment manual that provides clinicians a guide for treating justice involved persons with mental illness. The manual includes a treatment plan for each session with specific structured exercises (for both in-group and out of group work) designed to teach objectives each session. The program incorporates a psychosocial rehabilitation model, social learning paradigm and cognitive-behavioral model for change, although cognitive behavioral theory is more prevalent and apparent throughout the manual. Additional training on Changing Lives and Changing Outcomes: A Treatment Program for Justice-Involved Persons with Mental Illness is available at https://www.gifrinc.com/clco.
Download or read book Mental Health and In prison Experiences written by Rachel E. Severson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mental health problems have become a common occurrence in American correctional settings. This occurrence is not equally distributed in terms of gender; incarcerated women have higher rates of mental illness incarcerated men (Bronson & Berzofsky, 2017; James & Glaze, 2006). This phenomenon is problematic as research suggests that American correctional institutions are ill equipped to treat and manage inmates with mental health problems (Arrigo & Bullock, 2008; Bennion, 2015; Clark, 2018). This is also true in women’s prisons as they are often tasked to deal with strict budgetary restrictions and have fewer resources compared to men’s prisons (Holsinger, 2014; Stephan, 2008; Toman, 2017). Untreated mental illness in prison may impact prison order and safety for inmates and staff. Signs and symptoms of mental illness and mental health diagnoses are associated with inmate misconduct (Adams, 1986; James & Glaze, 2006; Reidy, Cihan, & Sorensen, 2017; Steiner et al., 2014; Stewart & Wilton, 2014) and may exacerbate the severity of disciplinary sanctions imposed in response to misconduct (Houser & Belenko, 2015). Untreated symptoms of mental illness (i.e. hallucinations, paranoid ideation) can lead to disruptive behaviors, which may distract correctional officers, increasing risk for further disorder (Galanek, 2015). To date, research on the impact of mental illness on in-prison experiences largely ignores the role of gender, socioeconomic status, and mental health treatment. This study seeks to address this gap in research by examining the following issues: 1) the extent and nature of the relationship between mental illness, socioeconomic status, and the in-prison experiences of inmate misconduct and disciplinary segregation, 2) the role of mental health treatment in mediating these relationships, and 3) the role of gender in contextualizing these relationships.
