Download or read book Sediment Transport Deposition and Deformation Under Soft bedded Glaciers and Ice Sheets written by Nicolaj Krog Larsen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Practical Guide to the Study of Glacial Sediments written by David J. A. Evans and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediments are the most valuable form of physical evidence for past Earth surface processes. They have the potential to build up an archive of events and provide a window into the past. Through careful examination of sediments the shifting patterns of surface processes across space and time are revealed, allowing us to reconstruct past environments and environmental change. A Practical Guide to the Study of Glacial Sediments is a guide to the standard techniques employed to read the sedimentary record of former glaciers and ice sheets. It demonstrates that the often complex and fragmentary glacial sedimentary record can, when examined systematically and rationally, provide detailed insights into former environments and climates in places where no other evidence is available. The complementary techniques covered in this book include: facies description, grain size analysis, clast form assessment, clast macrofabric analysis, micromorphology, particle lithology and assessment of engineering properties. They yield consistent and meaningful results in a range of glacial depositional environments throughout the world, from the high Arctic to the Himalayas. A Practical Guide to the Study of Glacial Sediments provides students and researchers with a clear and accessible guide to recording and interpreting glacial successions wherever the location.
Download or read book Deformation of Glacial Materials written by Alex Maltman and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2000 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The flow of glacier ice can produce structures that are striking and beautiful. Associated sediments too can develop spectacular deformation structures, and examples are remarkably well preserved in Quaternary deposits. This collection of papers addresses how the methods for unravelling deformation structures evolved by structural geologists can be used for glacial materials, and the opportunities offered to structural geologists by glacial materials for studying deformation in rocks.
Download or read book Glacial Sedimentary Processes and Products written by Michael J. Hambrey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-05 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Associating ice masses with the transport and deposition ofsediments has long formed a central theme in glaciology and glacialgeomorphology. The reason for this focus is clear, in that icemasses are responsible for much of the physical landscape whichcharacterizes the Earth's glaciated regions. This association alsoholds at a variety of scales, for example, from the grain-sizecharacteristics of small-scale moraines to the structuralarchitecture of large-scale, glacigenic sedimentary sequences inboth surface and subaqueous environments. This volume brings numerous state-of-the-art research contributionstogether, each relating to a different physical setting, spatialscale, process or investigative technique. The result is a diverseand interesting collection of papers by glaciologists, numericalmodellers and glacial geologists, which are all linked by the themeof investigating the relationships between the behaviour of icemasses and their resulting sedimentary sequences.
Download or read book Till written by David J. A. Evans and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the first comprehensive review of the current state of the science on tills It is critical that glacial scientists continue to refine their interpretations of ancient archives of subglacial processes, specifically those represented by tills and associated deposits, as they form the most widespread and accessible record of processes at the ice-bed interface. Unfortunately, despite a long history of investigation and a lexicon of process-based nomenclature, glacial sedimentologists have yet to reach a consensus on diagnostic criteria for identifying till genesis in the geological record. What should be called till? Based on the author’s extensive field research, as well as the latest literature on the subject, this book attempts to provide a definitive answer to that question. It critically reviews the global till literature and experimental and laboratory-based assessments of subglacial processes, as well as the theoretical constructs that have emerged from process sedimentology over the past century. Drawing on a wide range of knowledge bases, David Evans develops a more precise, contemporary till nomenclature and new investigatory strategies for understanding a critical aspect of glacial process sedimentology. Provides an in-depth discussion of subglacial sedimentary processes, with an emphasis on the origins of till matrix and terminal grade and the latest observations on till evolution Describes contemporary laboratory and modelling experiments on till evolution and techniques for measuring strain signatures in glacial deposits Develops an updated till nomenclature based on an array of knowledge bases and describes new strategies for field description and analysis of glacial diamictons Written by an internationally recognised expert in the field, this book represents an important step forward in the modern understanding of glacial process sedimentology. As such, Till: A Glacial Process Sedimentology is an indispensable resource for advanced undergraduates and researchers in sedimentology, glacier science and related areas.
Download or read book Glaciohydrologic and Glaciohydraulic Effects on Runoff and Sediment Yield in Glacierized Basins written by Daniel E. Lawson and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments written by Vivien Gornitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-31 with total page 1062 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Springer’s Major Reference Works, this book gives the reader a truly global perspective. It is the first major reference work in its field. Paleoclimate topics covered in the encyclopedia give the reader the capability to place the observations of recent global warming in the context of longer-term natural climate fluctuations. Significant elements of the encyclopedia include recent developments in paleoclimate modeling, paleo-ocean circulation, as well as the influence of geological processes and biological feedbacks on global climate change. The encyclopedia gives the reader an entry point into the literature on these and many other groundbreaking topics.
Download or read book Experimental Insights Into Subglacial Mechanics written by Dougal Douglas Omar Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ice mass flux for many of the world's most active glaciers and ice streams arises from glacier ice slipping over a lubricated substrate of bedrock or sediment. The physics controlling this "basal slip" fundamentally control glacier dynamics and drive the rapid denudation of alpine landscapes. Many tenets in the field of glaciology related to these processes currently lack a solid empirical basis, yet are repeatedly applied in theory or models of glacier dynamics and landscape evolution. Until these assumptions are thoroughly vetted, our understanding of glacier processes will be limited by this uncertainty. Here, I employ a range of novel experimental techniques to test long-standing hypotheses regarding the mechanics of hard and soft glacier beds. Specifically, I focus on questions related to subglacial rock friction/abrasion, which increases drag at the ice-bed interface and drives erosion, and till deformation, a first-order control on glacier dynamics, landform generation, and erosion. In chapter one, I constrain the influence of two fundamental controls on subglacial sediment transport during till deformation-effective stress and slip speed. Using digital image correlation to quantify flux rates from a photographic time series of the till bed, I demonstrate that sediment flux scales nearly linearly with slip speed when ice and till are coupled, but flux varies non-monotonically with effective stress, contradicting prior assumptions. In chapter two, I test physical controls on subglacial friction for hard-bedded glaciers under drained hydrologic conditions. Using a modified direct shear apparatus with an insulating sample chamber, I slid limestone slabs beneath slabs of debris-laden ice and assessed the relative influence of basal melt rate, effective stress and ice temperature on frictional resistance during slip. I show that basal drag scales linearly with both melt rate and normal stress in these experiments, confirming they influence the contact force in the presence of efficient drainage. Lastly in chapter three, I examine physical expression of rock-on-rock friction at glacier beds-subglacial abrasion-and use these observations to test the validity of the basal-power abrasion law. Using a novel cryogenic ring shear device in concert with the direct shear, I produce the most realistic simulations of abrasion to date, estimate abrasion rates from high-resolution 3D models of the eroded surface, and then quantify the energy dissipated through this process during slip. For planar rock beds, I show that i) average rock-frictional shear force at the bed increases linearly with abraded volume (per unit area), ii) abrasion rates increase linearly with basal power, and iii) percentage of slip energy expended through abrasion is one-two orders of magnitude lower than prior estimates
Download or read book Past Glacial Environments written by John Menzies and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1996 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This undergraduate textbook provides a current and comprehensive survey of the sediments and forms generated within Pleistocene and pre-Pleistocene glacial environments. Techniques and methods used in the examination of these sediments and forms are extensively reviewed. This is the most comprehensive and wide-ranging book ever prepared on this topic, and will form the basis for future work in the area. In studying past glacial environments, links are made between understanding modern glaciodynamics, ice physics, and the processes of erosion, transport and deposition of glacial sediments and the generation of various glacial landforms. Past Glacial Environments presents physical geography, earth and environmental science students with an extensive review of the latest research on past glacial environments. The text encompasses Pleistocene subglacial, supraglacial and proglacial sediments and environments, pre-Pleistocene global glacial conditions and sediments, as well as past glacioaeolian, glaciolacustrine, and glaciomarine sediments. Subsequent chapters focus on stratigraphy, lithofacies associations, paleosols, glacio-eustasy and isostasy, micromorphology, SEM, drift prospecting and placer mining.
Download or read book Structural Geology and Sedimentology of Push Moraines written by Frderik Michiel van der Wateren and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atlas of Submarine Glacial Landforms written by J.A. Dowdeswell and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2016-12-16 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New geophysical techniques (multibeam echo sounding and 3D seismics) have revolutionized high-resolution imaging of the modern seafloor and palaeo-shelf surfaces in Arctic and Antarctic waters, generating vast quantities of data and novel insights into sedimentary architecture and past environmental conditions. The Atlas of Submarine Glacial Landforms is a comprehensive and timely summary of the current state of knowledge of these high-latitude glacier-influenced systems. The Atlas presents over 180 contributions describing, illustrating and discussing the full variability of landforms found on the high-latitude glacier-influenced seafloor, from fjords and continental shelves to the continental slope, rise and deep-sea basins beyond. The distribution and geometry of these submarine landforms provide key information on past ice-sheet extent and the direction and nature of ice flow and dynamics. The papers discuss individual seafloor landforms, landform assemblages and entire landsystems from relatively mild to extreme glacimarine climatic settings and on timescales from the modern margins of tidewater glaciers, through Quaternary examples to ancient glaciations in the Late Ordovician.
Download or read book Glaciated Margins written by D.P. Le Heron and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the sedimentary and geophysical archive of glaciated margins is a complex task that requires integration and analysis of disparate sedimentological and geophysical data. Their analysis is vital for understanding the dynamics of past ice sheets and how they interact with their neighbouring marine basins, on timescales that cannot be captured by observations of the cryosphere today. As resources, sediments deposited on the inner margins of glaciated shelves also exhibit resource potential where more sand-dominated systems occur, acting as reservoirs for both hydrocarbons and water. This book surveys the full gamut of glaciated margins, from deep time (Neoproterozoic, Ordovician and Carboniferous–Permian) to modern high-latitude margins in Canada and Antarctica. This collection of papers is the first attempt to deliberately do this, allowing not only the similarities and differences between modern and ancient glaciated margins to be explored, but also the wide spectrum of their mechanisms of investigation to be probed. Together, these papers offer a high-resolution, spatially and temporally diverse blueprint of the depositional processes, ice sheet dynamics, and basin architectures of the world’s former glaciated margins; a vital resource in advancing understanding of our present and future marine-terminating ice sheet margins.
Download or read book Ice marginal and Periglacial Processes and Sediments written by Ireneo Peter Martini and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2011 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the sediments deposited by glaciers or other cold-climate processes assumes enhanced significance in the context of current global warming and the predicted melt and retreat of glaciers and ice sheets. This volume analyses glacial, proglacial and periglacial settings. Papers include topics such as sedimentation at termini of tidewater glaciers, poorly understood high-mountain features, and slope and aeolian deposits that have been sourced in glacial and periglacial regions and subsequently transported and deposited by azonal processes. Difficulties encountered in inferring Pleistocene and pre-Pleistocene cold-climate conditions when the sedimentary record lacks specific diagnostic indicators are discussed. The main objective of this volume is to establish the validity and limitations of the evidence that is used to achieve reliable palaeogeographic and palaeoclimatic reconstructions. On the much longer geological timescale, an understanding of ice-marginal and periglacial environments may better prepare us for the unavoidable reversal towards cooler and perhaps even glacial times in the future.
Download or read book Glacial Geology written by Matthew M. Bennett and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new Second Edition of Glacial Geology provides a modern, comprehensive summary of glacial geology and geomorphology. It is has been thoroughly revised and updated from the original First Edition. This book will appeal to all students interested in the landforms and sediments that make up glacial landscapes. The aim of the book is to outline glacial landforms and sediments and to provide the reader with the tools required to interpret glacial landscapes. It describes how glaciers work and how the processes of glacial erosion and deposition which operate within them are recorded in the glacial landscape. The Second Edition is presented in the same clear and concise format as the First Edition, providing detailed explanations that are not cluttered with unnecessary detail. Additions include a new chapter on Glaciations around the Globe, demonstrating the range of glacial environments present on Earth today and a new chapter on Palaeoglaciology, explaining how glacial landforms and sediments are used in ice-sheet reconstructions. Like the original book, text boxes are used throughout to explain key concepts and to introduce students to case study material from the glacial literature. Newly updated sections on Further Reading are also included at the end of each chapter to point the reader towards key references. The book is illustrated throughout with colour photographs and illustrations.
Download or read book Glacial Processes Past and Present written by David M. Mickelson and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Glacier Science and Environmental Change written by Peter G. Knight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glacier Science and Environmental Change is an authoritative and comprehensive reference work on contemporary issues in glaciology. It explores the interface between glacier science and environmental change, in the past, present, and future. Written by the world’s foremost authorities in the subject and researchers at the scientific frontier where conventional wisdom of approach comes face to face with unsolved problems, this book provides: state-of-the-art reviews of the key topics in glaciology and related disciplines in environmental change cutting-edge case studies of the latest research an interdisciplinary synthesis of the issues that draw together the research efforts of glaciologists and scientists from other areas such as geologists, hydrologists, and climatologists color-plate section (with selected extra figures provided in color at www.blackwellpublishing.com/knight). The topics in this book have been carefully chosen to reflect current priorities in research, the interdisciplinary nature of the subject, and the developing relationship between glaciology and studies of environmental change. Glacier Science and Environmental Change is essential reading for advanced undergraduates, postgraduate research students, and professional researchers in glaciology, geology, geography, geophysics, climatology, and related disciplines.
Download or read book Glacigenic Sediments written by K. Brodzikowski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1990-12-11 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims primarily at providing those involved in fundamental or applied research in the fields of geology, geomorphology and hydrology with a systematic overview of glacigenic sediments. A generally applicable terminology is proposed which should facilitate communication between scientists from several fields. Also it should form a bridge between western and eastern "schools" dealing with Quaternary geology. Because the book is mainly devoted to depositional processes and the resulting deposits, the approach and the terminology followed in this book are obviously founded strongly on sedimentology, the geological discipline that deals specifically with these phenomena.The book will be helpful in describing the sediments involved, interpreting their genesis, establishing their extent and their mutual relationships, and thus in the reconstruction of the palaeogeographic development.The large list of references reflects the author's extensive search of the literature.
