Download or read book Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act written by Committee on the Judiciary House of Representatives and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In February of 2016, the Judiciary Committee held a classified hearing that began consideration of the reauthorization of the FISA Amendments Act, which was first signed into law in 2008 and reauthorized in 2012. Much has happened since the law was last reauthorized, however, including the unauthorized disclosures of classified information by Edward Snowden in 2013 that spawned significant public debate on U.S. Government surveillance. There has been jurisprudence upholding the statute's constitutionality. Like congressional oversight, judicial oversight of this program is an integral safeguard. Congress enacted FISA in 1978 to establish statutory guidelines authorizing the use of electronic surveillance in the United States for foreign intelligence purposes. Following enactment, global communications infrastructure shifted from satellite to fiberoptic wire, altering the manner in which domestic and foreign communications are transmitted. This technological shift had the adverse and unintended effect of requiring the government to obtain an individualized FISA court order to monitor foreign communications by non-U.S. persons. In 2008, the FISA Amendments Act established procedures for the collection of foreign intelligence on targets located outside U.S. borders. At its core, Section 702 of the act permits the attorney general and the director of national intelligence to jointly authorize the targeting of non-U.S. persons reasonably believed to be located outside the United States. The intelligence community has deemed Section 702 its most important tool in battling terrorism. However, it has also been criticized by some as an overly broad program that collects communications of U.S. citizens without sufficient legal process.

Download or read book Publications Combined Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act FISA A Court Primer written by and published by Jeffrey Frank Jones. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONTENTS: 1. UNITED STATES FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE COURT - RULES OF PROCEDURE Effective November 1, 2010 2. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA): An Overview 3. Federal Bureau of Investigation Privacy & Civil Liberties Officer, Office of the General Counsel Protections for United States Person Information Acquired Pursuant to Title I and Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act 4. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT OF 1978 [Public Law 95–511; 92 Stat. 1783; approved October 25, 1978] [As Amended Through P.L. 115–118, Enacted January 19, 2018 5. FISA Amendments Act of 2008 6. Review of Procedures and Practices of CIA to Disseminate United States Person Information Acquired Pursuant to Titles I and III and Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) - August 2017 7. Report of the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on activities of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts for 2018 8. Report of the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on activities of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts for 2017 9. Report of the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on activities of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts for 2016 10. Report of the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on activities of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts for 2015 11. The FISA Amendments Act: Q&A (2017) 12. Report on the Surveillance Program Operated Pursuant toSection 702of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act - July 2, 2014

Download or read book Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act written by United States. Congress and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act : hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, first session, March 1, 2017.

Download or read book Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Section 702 written by Barfield and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NSA s Implementation of Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Section 702 written by United States. National Security Agency/Central Security Service. Civil Liberties and Privacy Office and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report on the Surveillance Program Operated Pursuant to Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act written by Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-07-23 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report, issued by the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board, examines the collection of electronic communications under Section 702, and provides analysis and recommendations regarding the program's implementation. Section 702 has its roots in the President's Surveillance Program developed in the immediate aftermath of the September 11th attacks. The Section 702 program is extremely complex, involving multiple agencies, collecting multiple types of information, for multiple purposes. Although U.S. persons may not be targeted under Section 702, communications of or concerning U.S. persons may be acquired in a variety of ways. An example is when a U.S. person communicates with a non-U.S. person who has been targeted, resulting in what is termed "incidental" collection. Another example is when two non-U.S. persons discuss a U.S. person. Communications of or concerning U.S. persons that are acquired in these ways may be retained and used by the government, subject to applicable rules and requirements. The communications of U.S. persons may also be collected by mistake, as when a U.S. person is erroneously targeted or in the event of a technological malfunction, resulting in "inadvertent" collection. Overall, the Board has found that the information the program collects has been valuable and effective in protecting the nation's security and producing useful foreign intelligence.

Download or read book Report on the Surveillance Program Operated Pursuant to Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act written by David Medine and published by . This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2008, Congress enacted the FISA Amendments Act, which made changes to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA). Those changes included a new provision, Section 702, permitting the Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence to jointly authorize surveillance conducted within the U.S. but targeting only non-U.S. persons reasonably believed to be located outside the U.S. The Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (PCLOB) began reviewing implementation of the FISA Amendments Act early in 2013, shortly after the Board began operations as an independent agency. This report contains PCLOB's detailed analysis of the Section 702 program, with a focus on increasing transparency to the public regarding the surveillance program. It addresses the Section 702 program's development and operation, statutory basis, constitutional implications, and whether it strikes the right balance between national security and privacy and civil liberties, and will make recommendations for policy reforms. This is a print on demand report.

Download or read book The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act written by Elizabeth B. Bazan and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: Overview & Modifications.

Download or read book Surveillance of Foreigners Outside the United States Under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act FISA written by Edward C. Liu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Beyond Snowden written by Timothy H. Edgar and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safeguarding Our Privacy and Our Values in an Age of Mass Surveillance America’s mass surveillance programs, once secret, can no longer be ignored. While Edward Snowden began the process in 2013 with his leaks of top secret documents, the Obama administration’s own reforms have also helped bring the National Security Agency and its programs of signals intelligence collection out of the shadows. The real question is: What should we do about mass surveillance? Timothy Edgar, a long-time civil liberties activist who worked inside the intelligence community for six years during the Bush and Obama administrations, believes that the NSA’s programs are profound threat to the privacy of everyone in the world. At the same time, he argues that mass surveillance programs can be made consistent with democratic values, if we make the hard choices needed to bring transparency, accountability, privacy, and human rights protections into complex programs of intelligence collection. Although the NSA and other agencies already comply with rules intended to prevent them from spying on Americans, Edgar argues that the rules—most of which date from the 1970s—are inadequate for this century. Reforms adopted during the Obama administration are a good first step but, in his view, do not go nearly far enough. Edgar argues that our communications today—and the national security threats we face—are both global and digital. In the twenty first century, the only way to protect our privacy as Americans is to do a better job of protecting everyone’s privacy. Beyond Surveillance: Privacy, Mass Surveillance, and the Struggle to Reform the NSA explains both why and how we can do this, without sacrificing the vital intelligence capabilities we need to keep ourselves and our allies safe. If we do, we set a positive example for other nations that must confront challenges like terrorism while preserving human rights. The United States already leads the world in mass surveillance. It can lead the world in mass surveillance reform.

Download or read book Surveillance of Foreigners outside the United States under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act written by Liu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reforming Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act for a Digital Landscape written by Caitlin Chin-Rothmann and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court Opinion on the April 2011 Submissions written by United States. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Declassified Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court opinion striking down a National Security Agency program that unlawfully gathered as many as tens of thousands of e-mails and other electronic communications between Americans before it was shut down in 2011. There were 3 submissions to the Court, collectively known as the "April 2011 Submissions." Through these submissions, The National Security Agency (NSA) sought reauthorization of acquisition of "certain telephone and internet communications pursuant to Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) 50 USC 1881a." The release of the secret FISA court opinion marks the first time the government has disclosed a FISA court opinion in response to a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit. The lawsuit was brought a year ago by the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy group.

Download or read book A Legislator s Guide to Reauthorizing written by Anne E. Boustead and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Amendments Act of 2008, a powerful surveillance tool that allows U.S. government agencies to spy on foreign persons to collect count- er-terrorism intelligence, will expire on December 31, 2017 without Congressional reauthorization. is paper has two goals: to con- cisely describe how agencies obtain information under Section 702, and to provide guidance to legislators and their sta s by examining the core issues they will confront as they consider reauthorizing this legislation.

Download or read book Report on the Surveillance Program Operated Pursuant to Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act written by United States. Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (2007- ) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report on the Surveillance Program Operated Pursuant to Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act September 28 2023 written by United States. Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (2007- ) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Section 702 statutorily authorizes the government to target non-U.S. persons, reasonably believed to be located outside the United States, in order to collect foreign intelligence information using the compelled assistance of U.S. electronic communications service providers (ECSPs). The government may target only individuals who are expected to communicate, receive, or possess foreign intelligence information within given categories of intelligence previously authorized by the Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence (DNI) and certified for collection by the FISC. This report presents PCLOB’s findings in an unclassified format to the greatest extent possible, consistent with the protection of classified information and applicable law. It carries forward and updates factual and legal information from the 2014 PCLOB Report, and adds new discussions where substantial changes have been implemented, greater transparency is now possible, or new information has become available. New sets of recommendations and Board Member statements are also included. There is also a Classified Annex to this Report (Annex C) and to the Separate Statement of Board Members Beth A. Williams and Richard E. DiZinno (Annex D)