Download or read book Seasonal Changes in Wetland Plant Chemical Composition and Effects on Local Environment written by Catherine Allisa Vincent and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetlands are productive ecosystems known as areas of biogeochemical diversity. This diversity comes from nutrient transformations and gas fluxes that are caused by adjoining aerobic and anaerobic environments. Nitrogen is an important part of the nutrient transformations and gas fluxes in wetlands. Aquatic plants are also important to the nitrogen cycle of lotic wetlands. These plants grow at key interfaces within lotic wetlands, giving them the ability to have significant effects on nutrient cycling. They typically sequester large amounts of nitrogen from the soil and water during their growing season, affecting the amounts of ammonium available to neighboring plant species. Different emergent species sequester different amounts of nitrogen from the soil into aboveground biomass; therefore, different species have more or less nitrogen available to put back into the system through decomposition. Other species growing at the junction between anaerobic and aerobic environments, such as actinorhizal plants, are also important to the nitrogen cycle of lotic wetland ecosystems. Actinorhizal plants are woody angiosperms that have a symbiotic relationship with the nitrogen-fixing actinorhizae, Frankia. Because of the plant's relationship with Frankia, it has the potential to supply nitrogen to the surrounding environment. Actinorhizal plants accomplish this by increasing the local soil nitrogen pools and through decomposition of the leaves that typically have higher foliar nitrogen content than other wetland and terrestrial plants. Alder is an example of an actinorhizal shrub that dominates many wetlands and forested watersheds of eastern North America. Wetlands dominated by alder are regarded as significant areas for transport of nitrogen into watersheds, because wetland alder zones occupy critical interface regions between upslope, forested regions and down-gradient streams. Thus, the presence of alder can contribute large amounts of nitrogen to the watershed as a whole by the addition of nitrogen to the local environment, the acceleration of nitrification processes, and the use of little soil-derived nitrogen. Because these different types of wetland plants can influence nitrogen cycling in different ways, it is important to understand how dominant species differ in their foliar chemistry, and how this relates to differences in water and soil chemistry among vegetation zones over a growing season. In on-going studies at a beaver-impounded, wetland pond in the southeastern U.S., differences in nitrogen (N) composition among three dominant wetland plants: actinorhizal hazel alder (Alnus serrulata), fragrant water lily (Nymphaea odorata), and soft rush (Juncus effusus) were investigated. Also investigated were how foliar N in these plants changes across a growing season, and whether there were discernible relationships between plant N content, proximate water chemistry, and sediment chemical composition within the pond zones in which the plants grew. Results showed highest N content in water lily leaves and associated sediments (foliar N increased over growing season), closely followed by alder leaves (foliar N decreased over growing season), and lowest N content in rush culms (foliar N increased over growing season). Juncus plants located near alder had higher foliar N than Juncus not near alder. Ammonium was the dominate form of inorganic N in overlying pond-water with highest levels in pools within alder stands and close to the dam where alder mixed with rush occurred. Highest levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) also occurred in alder pools. Results suggested that alder subsidized N content in nearby plants, contributed to inorganic N and DOC content in the overlying water, and that alder-derived N and C were likely exported to down-gradient streams and rivers.
Download or read book Wetland Plants written by Julie K. Cronk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed account of the biology and ecology of vascular wetland plants and their applications in wetland plant science, Wetland Plants: Biology and Ecology presents a synthesis of wetland plant studies and reviews from biology, physiology, evolution, genetics, community and population ecology, environmental science, and engineering. It provides a
Download or read book Wetland Ecosystems written by William J. Mitsch and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-13 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New focused text introduces readers to wetland ecosystems and systems approaches to studying wetlands With its comprehensive coverage of wetland science, management, and restoration, Mitsch and Gosselink's Wetlands has been the premier reference on wetlands for more than two decades. Now, the coverage of specific wetland ecosystem types from earlier editions of this acclaimed work has been updated, revised, and supplemented with additional content in order to create this new text focusing exclusively on wetland ecosystems. This book now complements Wetlands, Fourth Edition. Following an introduction to ecosystems in general and wetland ecosystems in particular, Wetland Ecosystems examines the major types of wetlands found throughout the world: coastal wetlands, freshwater marshes and forested swamps, and peatlands. The final chapter reviews three fundamental systems approaches to studying wetlands: mesocosms, full-scale experimental ecosystems, and mathematical modeling. This new text features: Updated descriptions of the hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biology of the main types of wetlands found in the world New content introducing general ecosystems, wetland ecosystems, whole ecosystem and mesocosm experiments with wetlands, and systems ecology and modeling A detailed description of the ecosystem services provided by wetlands A broad international scope, including many examples of wetlands located outside North America Two new coauthors offering new perspectives and additional insights into the latest ecosystem and modeling techniques An abundance of illustrations helps readers understand how different biological communities and the abiotic environment in wetland ecosystems interact and function. Tables and text boxes provide at-a-glance summaries of key information. Lastly, each chapter concludes with a list of recommended readings. This text has been designed as an introduction for students and professionals in wetland ecology and management, general ecology, environmental science, and natural resource management.
Download or read book The Wetland Book written by C. Max Finlayson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wetland Book is a comprehensive resource aimed at supporting the trans- and multidisciplinary research and practice which is inherent to this field. Aware both that wetlands research is on the rise and that researchers and students are often working or learning across several disciplines, The Wetland Book is a readily accessible online and print reference which will be the first port of call on key concepts in wetlands science and management. This easy-to-follow reference will allow multidisciplinary teams and transdisciplinary individuals to look up terms, access further details, read overviews on key issues and navigate to key articles selected by experts.
Download or read book Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aldo Leopold, father of the "land ethic," once said, "The time has come for science to busy itself with the earth itself. The first step is to reconstruct a sample of what we had to begin with." The concept he expressedâ€"restorationâ€"is defined in this comprehensive new volume that examines the prospects for repairing the damage society has done to the nation's aquatic resources: lakes, rivers and streams, and wetlands. Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems outlines a national strategy for aquatic restoration, with practical recommendations, and features case studies of aquatic restoration activities around the country. The committee examines: Key concepts and techniques used in restoration. Common factors in successful restoration efforts. Threats to the health of the nation's aquatic ecosystems. Approaches to evaluation before, during, and after a restoration project. The emerging specialties of restoration and landscape ecology.
Download or read book Impacts of Construction Activities in Wetlands of the United States written by Rezneat M. Darnell and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Change Impacts on Freshwater Ecosystems written by Martin Kernan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems, past, present and future. It especially considers the interactions between climate change and other drivers of change including hydromorphological modification, nutrient loading, acid deposition and contamination by toxic substances using evidence from palaeolimnology, time-series analysis, space-for-time substitution, laboratory and field experiments and process modelling. The book evaluates these processes in relation to extreme events, seasonal changes in ecosystems, trends over decadal-scale time periods, mitigation strategies and ecosystem recovery. The book is also concerned with how aspects of hydrophysical, hydrochemical and ecological change can be used as early indicators of climate change in aquatic ecosystems and it addresses the implications of future climate change for freshwater ecosystem management at the catchment scale. This is an ideal book for the scientific research community, but is also accessible to Masters and senior undergraduate students.
Download or read book Variability in the Phenolic Content of Invasive and Non invasive Emergent Wetland Plants written by Melissa M. Maurer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The colonization of wetlands by invasive plant species negatively impacts vegetation structure, nutrient and organic matter cycling, and ultimately alters native wetland ecosystem functions and services. It is unclear if the spread of invasive species can be attributed to their chemical composition. To further understand mechanisms of plant invasion, it is important to assess secondary chemistry of aggressive invaders. Phenolic compounds are important due to their diverse functionality including pathogen resistance, herbivore deterrence, and allelopathic interference. I conducted a broad field survey and a field experiment to better understand the importance and variability of wetland plant phenolic compounds and the relationship between abiotic and biotic environmental factors. I examined the relationship between leaf phenolic content and environmental conditions for 21 noninvasive and invasive plant species from ten sites. The environmental factors included soil moisture, extractable nitrate and ammonium, and total phosphorus, along with herbivory, and neighboring plant cover. The field experiment targeted two invasive species of cattail (Typha latifolia, T. angustifolia) in created wetlands at the Rochester Institute of Technology and High Acres Nature Area. I manipulated nutrient availability and herbivore pressure to investigate effects on growth and phenolic content. There was no predictable difference between invasive and noninvasive plants, but there were differences among sites for each species. The difference among sites for invasive species was more pronounced, with significant relationships with different combinations of abiotic and biotic factors, depending on the species. For four of the invasive species examined in detail, season, nutrients and/or herbivory were important factors influencing phenolic content. There were no predictable relationships for noninvasive species. There were no significant differences in growth, phenolic content, or herbivory among treatments in the field experiment suggesting that either the effects tested are unimportant for Typha spp., or the threshold was not met for an observable effect. We conclude that interspecific differences in the response of invasive plants to environmental factors preclude drawing general conclusions about the role of total phenol content in invasion success, but that invasive plants may be more responsive to environmental conditions, perhaps enhancing invasion."--Abstract.
Download or read book Theories Methods and Practices of Wetland Degradation and Restoration written by Zhenguo Niu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-07 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wetlands written by Committee on Characterization of Wetlands and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-09-20 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wetlands" has become a hot word in the current environmental debate. But what does it signify? In 1991, proposed changes in the legal definities of wetlands stirred controversy and focused attention on the scientific and economic aspects of their management. This volume explores how to define wetlands. The committee--whose members were drawn from academia, government, business, and the environmental community--builds a rational, scientific basis for delineating wetlands in the landscape and offers recommendations for further action. Wetlands also discusses the diverse hydrological and ecological functions of wetlands, and makes recommendations concerning so-called controversial areas such as permafrost wetlands, riparian ecosystems, irregularly flooded sites, and agricultural wetlands. It presents criteria for identifying wetlands and explores the problems of applying those criteria when there are seasonal changes in water levels. This comprehensive and practical volume will be of interest to environmental scientists and advocates, hydrologists, policymakers, regulators, faculty, researchers, and students of environmental studies.
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Wetlands written by K. Ramesh Reddy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-10 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The globally important nature of wetland ecosystems has led to their increased protection and restoration as well as their use in engineered systems. Underpinning the beneficial functions of wetlands are a unique suite of physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate elemental cycling in soils and the water column. This book provides an in-depth coverage of these wetland biogeochemical processes related to the cycling of macroelements including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, secondary and trace elements, and toxic organic compounds. In this synthesis, the authors combine more than 100 years of experience studying wetlands and biogeochemistry to look inside the black box of elemental transformations in wetland ecosystems. This new edition is updated throughout to include more topics and provide an integrated view of the coupled nature of biogeochemical cycles in wetland systems. The influence of the elemental cycles is discussed at a range of scales in the context of environmental change including climate, sea level rise, and water quality. Frequent examples of key methods and major case studies are also included to help the reader extend the basic theories for application in their own system. Some of the major topics discussed are: Flooded soil and sediment characteristics Aerobic-anaerobic interfaces Redox chemistry in flooded soil and sediment systems Anaerobic microbial metabolism Plant adaptations to reducing conditions Regulators of organic matter decomposition and accretion Major nutrient sources and sinks Greenhouse gas production and emission Elemental flux processes Remediation of contaminated soils and sediments Coupled C-N-P-S processes Consequences of environmental change in wetlands# The book provides the foundation for a basic understanding of key biogeochemical processes and its applications to solve real world problems. It is detailed, but also assists the reader with box inserts, artfully designed diagrams, and summary tables all supported by numerous current references. This book is an excellent resource for senior undergraduates and graduate students studying ecosystem biogeochemistry with a focus in wetlands and aquatic systems.
Download or read book Storage Effects of Wetland Plant Species written by Dörte Lehsten and published by Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small infield pools in the Pleistocene landscape are widespread and important island habitats for wetland species within an intensively treated, homogeneous agricultural landscape. In this study the hydrological regime of small infield pools was modeled for a period of 50 years. Trends in hydrological characteristics could be explained by observed trends in rising temperatures. An explanation is given why studies with habitat description due to short time observations are only valid among the spatial and temporal investigation limits. A method is developed to define plant functional groups (PFG) according the studied habitat types. With a fourth corner analysis the occurrence probability of these PFGs in different hydrological regimes is analyzed. Finally, the storage traits of these PFGs could be described. Among other local human made impacts, the analysis of the simulations results asserts the impact of climate (evaporation and precipitation) on habitat qualities of wetlands. The developed method is subsequently used to predict shifts in future plant functional type composition due to climate change.
Download or read book Current Advances in Ecological Environmental Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report summaries written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment written by Markus Quante and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an up-to-date review of our current understanding of climate change in the North Sea and adjacent areas, as well as its impact on ecosystems and socio-economic sectors. It provides a detailed assessment of climate change based on published scientific work compiled by independent international experts from climate-related disciplines such as oceanography, atmospheric sciences, marine and terrestrial ecology, using a regional evaluation and review process similar to that of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of our changing climate, discussing a wide range of topics including past, current and future climate change, and climate-related changes in marine, terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. It also explores the impact of climate change on socio-economic sectors such as fisheries, agriculture, coastal zone management, coastal protection, urban climate, recreation/tourism, offshore activities/energy, and air pollution.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Regional Impacts of Climate Change written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II. and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 1998.
