Download or read book Searching for Beyond the Standard Model Physics at the Pierre Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory written by Mason Buchanan and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the course of three flights, the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) appeared to detect two cosmic ray events from the Earth below, referred to as "Sub-EeV Earth-emergent Cosmic Rays" (SEECRs). This paper turns to the largest cosmic ray detector in the world, the Pierre Auger Observatory, to search for SEECR candidates, set limits on their incidence, and compare the results to the ANITA detections. 10% of the detections made by the Pierre Auger fluorescence detectors (FDs) made from 2007 to 2018 were considered. To isolate SEECR candidates, five cuts were made to the Auger data: the first used computer vision techniques to remove background produced by the Auger laser facilities, the second defined a minimum number of triggered pixels in the FD camera, the third defined a minimum shower zenith angle, the fourth defined a minimum track length on the FD camera, and the fifth defined a minimum probability of the fit of the shower reconstruction. 7 (+8, -4) detections remain after these cuts. Simulations of upgoing events and past exposure comparisons predict 49 SEECR events in the examined data for consistency with ANITA, over 5[sigma] above the observed value. Similar results in the full Pierre Auger data set would widen this discrepancy further.
Download or read book Search for Patterns by Combining Cosmic ray Energy and Arrival Directions at the Pierre Auger Observatory written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy-dependent patterns in the arrival directions of cosmic rays are searched for using data of the Pierre Auger Observatory. We investigate local regions around the highest-energy cosmic rays with $E \ge 6 \times 10^$ eV by analyzing cosmic rays with energies above $E \ge 5 \times 10^$ eV arriving within an angular separation of approximately 15$^{\circ }$ . We characterize the energy distributions inside these regions by two independent methods, one searching for angular dependence of energy-energy correlations and one searching for collimation of energy along the local system of principal axes of the energy distribution. No significant patterns are found with this analysis. The comparison of these measurements with astrophysical scenarios can therefore be used to obtain constraints on related model parameters such as strength of cosmic-ray deflection and density of point sources.
Download or read book Physics at the Terascale written by Ian Brock and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-04 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by authors working at the forefront of research, this accessible treatment presents the current status of the field of collider-based particle physics at the highest energies available, as well as recent results and experimental techniques. It is clearly divided into three sections; The first covers the physics -- discussing the various aspects of the Standard Model as well as its extensions, explaining important experimental results and highlighting the expectations from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The second is dedicated to the involved technologies and detector concepts, and the third covers the important - but often neglected - topics of the organisation and financing of high-energy physics research. A useful resource for students and researchers from high-energy physics.
Download or read book Physics Beyond the Standard Models of Particles Cosmology and Astrophysics written by Hans Volker Klapdor-Kleingrothaus and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Physics Beyond the Standard Models of Particle Physics, Cosmology and Astrophysics. It presents a brilliant overview of the status and future potential and trends in experimental and theoretical particle physics, cosmology and astrophysics, in the complimentary sectors of accelerator, non-accelerator and space physics.
Download or read book Physics and Astrophysics of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays written by M. Lemoine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International School on Physics and Astrophysics of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR2000) was held at the Observatoire de Paris–Meudon on June 26-29, 2000. This was the ?rst international school speci?cally dedicated to ultra high energy cosmic rays. Its aim was to familiarize with and attract students, physicists and astronomers into this quickly developing newresearch ?eld. The mysterious and currently unknown origin of the most energetic par- cles observed in Nature has triggered in recent years theoretical speculations ranging from electromagnetic acceleration to as yet undiscovered physics - yond the Standard Model. It has also lead to the development of several new detection concepts and experimental projects, some of which are currently - der construction. By its nature, the ?eld of ultra high energy cosmic rays is therefore highly interdisciplinary and borrows from astrophysics and cosmology, via particle physics, to experimental physics and observational astronomy. One main aspect of the school was to emphasize and take advantage of this interd- ciplinarity. The lectures were grouped into subtopics and are reproduced in this volume in the following order: After a general introductory lecture on cosmic rays follow two contributions on experimental detection techniques, followed by three lectures on acceleration in astrophysical objects. The next four contri- tions cover all major aspects of propagation and interactions of ultra high energy radiation, including speculative issues such as newinteractions.
Download or read book An Assessment of U S Based Electron Ion Collider Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-09-13 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding of protons and neutrons, or "nucleons"â€"the building blocks of atomic nucleiâ€"has advanced dramatically, both theoretically and experimentally, in the past half century. A central goal of modern nuclear physics is to understand the structure of the proton and neutron directly from the dynamics of their quarks and gluons governed by the theory of their interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and how nuclear interactions between protons and neutrons emerge from these dynamics. With deeper understanding of the quark-gluon structure of matter, scientists are poised to reach a deeper picture of these building blocks, and atomic nuclei themselves, as collective many-body systems with new emergent behavior. The development of a U.S. domestic electron-ion collider (EIC) facility has the potential to answer questions that are central to completing an understanding of atoms and integral to the agenda of nuclear physics today. This study assesses the merits and significance of the science that could be addressed by an EIC, and its importance to nuclear physics in particular and to the physical sciences in general. It evaluates the significance of the science that would be enabled by the construction of an EIC, its benefits to U.S. leadership in nuclear physics, and the benefits to other fields of science of a U.S.-based EIC.
Download or read book Introducing Particle Physics written by Tom Whyntie and published by Icon Books. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What really happens at the most fundamental levels of nature? Introducing Particle Physics explores the very frontiers of our knowledge, even showing how particle physicists are now using theory and experiment to probe our very concept of what is real. From the earliest history of the atomic theory through to supersymmetry, micro-black holes, dark matter, the Higgs boson, and the possibly mythical graviton, practising physicist and CERN contributor Tom Whyntie gives us a mind-expanding tour of cutting-edge science. Featuring brilliant illustrations from Oliver Pugh, Introducing Particle Physics is a unique tour through the most astonishing and challenging science being undertaken today.
Download or read book Out of this World written by Stephen Webb and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen Webb, author of WHERE IS EVERYBODY?, takes the interested amateur on a thrilling and enlightening tour of the amazing, even bizarre, new ideas of modern physics, including alternatives to the Big Bang, parallel universes, and an imaginary trip to the other side of the black hole.
Download or read book New Worlds New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by discoveries, and enabled by leaps in technology and imagination, our understanding of the universe has changed dramatically during the course of the last few decades. The fields of astronomy and astrophysics are making new connections to physics, chemistry, biology, and computer science. Based on a broad and comprehensive survey of scientific opportunities, infrastructure, and organization in a national and international context, New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics outlines a plan for ground- and space- based astronomy and astrophysics for the decade of the 2010's. Realizing these scientific opportunities is contingent upon maintaining and strengthening the foundations of the research enterprise including technological development, theory, computation and data handling, laboratory experiments, and human resources. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics proposes enhancing innovative but moderate-cost programs in space and on the ground that will enable the community to respond rapidly and flexibly to new scientific discoveries. The book recommends beginning construction on survey telescopes in space and on the ground to investigate the nature of dark energy, as well as the next generation of large ground-based giant optical telescopes and a new class of space-based gravitational observatory to observe the merging of distant black holes and precisely test theories of gravity. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics recommends a balanced and executable program that will support research surrounding the most profound questions about the cosmos. The discoveries ahead will facilitate the search for habitable planets, shed light on dark energy and dark matter, and aid our understanding of the history of the universe and how the earliest stars and galaxies formed. The book is a useful resource for agencies supporting the field of astronomy and astrophysics, the Congressional committees with jurisdiction over those agencies, the scientific community, and the public.
Download or read book eScience on Distributed Computing Infrastructure written by Marian Bubak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To help researchers from different areas of science understand and unlock the potential of the Polish Grid Infrastructure and to define their requirements and expectations, the following 13 pilot communities have been organized and involved in the PLGrid Plus project: Acoustics, AstroGrid-PL, Bioinformatics, Ecology, Energy Sector, Health Sciences, HEPGrid, Life Science, Materials, Metallurgy, Nanotechnologies, Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Physics, and SynchroGrid. The book describes the experience and scientific results achieved by the project partners. Chapters 1 to 8 provide a general overview of research and development activities in the framework of the project with emphasis on services for different scientific areas and an update on the status of the PL-Grid infrastructure, describing new developments in security and middleware. Chapters 9 to 13 discuss new environments and services which may be applied by all scientific communities. Chapters 14 to 36 present how the PLGrid Plus environments, tools and services are used in advanced domain specific computer simulations; these chapters present computational models, new algorithms, and ways in which they are implemented. The book also provides a glossary of terms and concepts. This book may serve as a resource for researchers, developers and system administrators working on efficient exploitation of available e-infrastructures, promoting collaboration and exchange of ideas in the process of constructing a common European e-infrastructure.
Download or read book Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging written by Claus Grupen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-08 with total page 1251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Download or read book High Energy Cosmic Rays written by Todor Stanev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an accessible text and reference (a cosmic-ray manual) for graduate students entering the field and high-energy astrophysicists will find this an accessible cosmic-ray manual Easy to read for the general astronomer, the first part describes the standard model of cosmic rays based on our understanding of modern particle physics. Presents the acceleration scenario in some detail in supernovae explosions as well as in the passage of cosmic rays through the Galaxy. Compares experimental data in the atmosphere as well as underground are compared with theoretical models
Download or read book Astroparticle Particle and Space Physics Detectors and Medical Physics Applications written by Michele Barone and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2006 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exploration of the subnuclear world is done through increasingly complex experiments covering a wide range of energies and in a large variety of environments ? from particle accelerators, underground detectors to satellites and space laboratories. For these research programs to succeed, novel techniques, new materials and new instrumentation need to be used in detectors, often on a large scale. Hence, particle physics is at the forefront of technological advancement and leads to numerous applications. Among these, medical applications have a particular importance due to the health and social benefits they bring. This volume reviews the advances made in all technological aspects of current experiments in the field.
Download or read book Fine Tuning in the Physical Universe written by David Sloan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the universe fine-tuned for complexity, life, or something else? This comprehensive overview of fine-tuning arguments in physics, with contributions from leading researchers in their fields, sheds light on this often used but seldom understood topic. Each chapter reviews a specific subject in modern physics, such as dark energy, inflation, or solar system formation, and discusses whether any parameters in our current theories appear to be fine-tuned and, if so, to what degree. Connections and differences between these fine-tuning arguments are made clear, and detailed mathematical derivations of various fine-tuned parameters are given. This accessible yet precise introduction to fine-tuning in physics will aid students and researchers across astrophysics, atomic and particle physics and cosmology, as well as all those working at the intersections of physics and philosophy.
Download or read book 108 1 Hearings Energy and Water Development Appropriations For 2004 Part 4 2003 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 3122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seventy Years Of Double Beta Decay From Nuclear Physics To Beyond standard model Particle Physics written by Hans Volker Klapdor-kleingrothaus and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 1559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last 20 years the disciplines of particle physics, astrophysics, nuclear physics and cosmology have grown together in an unprecedented way. A brilliant example is nuclear double beta decay, an extremely rare radioactive decay mode, which is one of the most exciting and important fields of research in particle physics at present and the flagship of non-accelerator particle physics.While already discussed in the 1930s, only in the 1980s was it understood that neutrinoless double beta decay can yield information on the Majorana mass of the neutrino, which has an impact on the structure of space-time. Today, double beta decay is indispensable for solving the problem of the neutrino mass spectrum and the structure of the neutrino mass matrix. The potential of double beta decay has also been extended such that it is now one of the most promising tools for probing beyond-the-standard-model particle physics, and gives access to energy scales beyond the potential of future accelerators.This book presents the breathtaking manner in which achievements in particle physics have been made from a nuclear physics process. Consisting of a 150-page highly factual overview of the field of double beta decay and a 1200-page collection of the most important original articles, the book outlines the development of double beta decay research — theoretical and experimental — from its humble beginnings until its most recent achievements, with its revolutionary consequences for the theory of particle physics. It further presents an outlook on the exciting future of the field.
Download or read book Beyond Einstein written by Michio Kaku and published by Anchor. This book was released on 1995-09-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beyond Einstein takes readers on an exciting excursion into the discoveries that have led scientists to the brightest new prospect in theoretical physics today -- superstring theory. What is superstring theory and why is it important? This revolutionary breakthrough may well be the fulfillment of Albert Einstein's lifelong dream of a Theory of Everything, uniting the laws of physics into a single description explaining all the known forces in the universe. Co-authored by one of the leading pioneers in superstrings, Michio Kaku, the book approaches scientific questions with the excitement of a detective story, offering a fascinating look at the new science that may make the impossible possible.
