Download or read book The Large Hadron Collider written by Lyndon R. Evans and published by EPFL Press. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the technology and engineering of the Large Hadron collider (LHC), one of the greatest scientific marvels of this young 21st century. This book traces the feat of its construction, written by the head scientists involved, placed into the context of the scientific goals and principles.
Download or read book The Large Hadron Collider written by Lyndon Evans and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Search for Scalar Top Quarks and Higgsino Like Neutralinos written by Takuya Nobe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports a search for theoretically natural supersymmetry (SUSY) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The data collected with the ATLAS detector in 2012 corresponding to 20 /fb of an integrated luminosity have been analyzed for stop pair production in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the scenario of the higgsino-like neutralino. The author focuses on stop decaying into a bottom quark and chargino. In the scenario of the higgsino-like neutralino, the mass difference between charginos and neutralinos (Δm) is expected to be small, and observable final-state particles are likely to have low-momentum (soft). The author develops a dedicated analysis with a soft lepton as a probe of particles from chargino decay, which suppresses the large amount of backgrounds. As a result of the analysis, no significant SUSY signal is observed. The 95% confidence-level exclusion limits are set to masses of stop and neutralino assuming Δm = 20 GeV. The region with ΔM (the mass difference between stop and neutralino) 70 GeV is excluded for the first time at stop mass of less than 210 GeV. The author also excludes the signals with ΔM 120 GeV up to 600 GeV of stop mass with neutralino mass of less than 280 GeV. The author clearly shows very few remaining parameter spaces for light stop (e.g., topology of stop decay is extremely similar to the SM top quark) by combining his results and previous ATLAS analyses. His results provide a strong constraint to searches for new physics in the future.
Download or read book The Standard Model written by Cliff Burgess and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2006 book uses the standard model as a vehicle for introducing quantum field theory.
Download or read book Flora of North America North of Mexico written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scalar Boson Decays to Tau Leptons written by Cécile Caillol and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a study of the scalar sector in the standard model (SM), as well as various searches for an extended scalar sector in theories beyond the SM (BSM). The first part of the thesis details the search for an SM Higgs boson decaying to taus, and produced by gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, or associated production with a vector boson, leading to evidence for decays of the Higgs boson to taus. In turn, the second part highlights several searches for an extended scalar sector, with scalar boson decays to taus. In all of the analyses presented, at least one scalar boson decays to a pair of taus. The results draw on data collected by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector during proton–proton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 7 or 8 TeV.
Download or read book Fifty Years of Indian Agriculture written by Ali Mohammad and published by Concept Publishing Company. This book was released on 2007 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed papers presented at the conference organized by Dept. of Geography, Aligarh Muslim University.
Download or read book Hadron Collider Physics written by Harry Weerts and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2005-04-07 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: East Lansing, Michigan, 14-18 June 2004
Download or read book Lie Theory and Its Applications in Physics written by Vladimir Dobrev and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents modern trends in the area of symmetries and their applications based on contributions to the workshop "Lie Theory and Its Applications in Physics" held near Varna (Bulgaria) in June 2019. Traditionally, Lie theory is a tool to build mathematical models for physical systems. Recently, the trend is towards geometrization of the mathematical description of physical systems and objects. A geometric approach to a system yields in general some notion of symmetry, which is very helpful in understanding its structure. Geometrization and symmetries are meant in their widest sense, i.e., representation theory, algebraic geometry, number theory, infinite-dimensional Lie algebras and groups, superalgebras and supergroups, groups and quantum groups, noncommutative geometry, symmetries of linear and nonlinear partial differential operators, special functions, and others. Furthermore, the necessary tools from functional analysis are included. This is a large interdisciplinary and interrelated field. The topics covered in this volume from the workshop represent the most modern trends in the field : Representation Theory, Symmetries in String Theories, Symmetries in Gravity Theories, Supergravity, Conformal Field Theory, Integrable Systems, Polylogarithms, and Supersymmetry. They also include Supersymmetric Calogero-type models, Quantum Groups, Deformations, Quantum Computing and Deep Learning, Entanglement, Applications to Quantum Theory, and Exceptional Quantum Algebra for the standard model of particle physics This book is suitable for a broad audience of mathematicians, mathematical physicists, and theoretical physicists, including researchers and graduate students interested in Lie Theory.
Download or read book X Ray Lasers 2018 written by Michaela Kozlová and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings gather a selection of invited and contributed papers presented during the 16th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers (ICXRL 2018), held in Prague, Czech Republic, from 7 to 12 October 2018. The conference is part of an ongoing series dedicated to recent developments in the science and technology of X-ray lasers and other coherent X-ray sources, with an additional focus on supporting technologies, instrumentation and applications. The book highlights advances in a wide range of fields including laser and discharge-pumped plasma X-ray lasers, the injection and seeding of X-ray amplifiers, high-order harmonic generation and ultrafast phenomena, X-ray free electron lasers, novel schemes for (in)coherent XUV, X-ray and γ-ray generation, XUV and X-ray imaging, optics and metrology, X-rays and γ-rays for fundamental science, the practical implementation of X-ray lasers, XFELs and super-intense lasers, and the applications and industrial uses of X-ray lasers.
Download or read book Search for the Higgs Boson Produced in Association with Top Quarks with the CMS Detector at the LHC written by Cristina Martin Perez and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, the interaction between the Higgs boson and the top quark is studied with the proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV provided by the LHC at the CMS detector at CERN (Geneva). At the LHC, these particles are produced simultaneously via the associate production of the Higgs boson with one top quark (tH process) or two top quarks (ttH process). Compared to many other possible outcomes of the proton-proton interactions, these processes are very rare, as the top quark and the Higgs boson are the heaviest elementary particles known. Hence, identifying them constitutes a significant experimental challenge. A high particle selection efficiency in the CMS detector is therefore crucial. At the core of this selection stands the Level-1 (L1) trigger system, a system that filters collision events to retain only those with potential interest for physics analysis. The selection of hadronically decaying τ leptons, expected from the Higgs boson decays, is especially demanding due to the large background arising from the QCD interactions. The first part of this thesis presents the optimization of the L1 τ algorithm in Run 2 (2016-2018) and Run 3 (2022-2024) of the LHC. It includes the development of a novel trigger concept for the High-Luminosity LHC, foreseen to start in 2027 and to deliver 5 times the current instantaneous luminosity. To this end, sophisticated algorithms based on machine learning approaches are used, facilitated by the increasingly modern technology and powerful computation of the trigger system. The second part of the work presents the search of the tH and ttH processes with the subsequent decays of the Higgs boson to pairs of τ lepton, W bosons or Z bosons, making use of the data recorded during Run 2. The presence of multiple particles in the final state, along with the low cross section of the processes, makes the search an ideal use case for multivariant discriminants that enhance the selectivity of the signals and reject the overwhelming background contributions. The discriminants presented are built using state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, able to capture the correlations amongst the processes involved, as well as the so-called Matrix Element Method (MEM), which combines the theoretical description of the processes with the detector resolution effects. The level of sophistication of the methods used, along with the unprecedented amount of collision data analyzed, result in the most stringent measurements of the tH and ttH cross sections up to date.
Download or read book LHC Physics written by T. Binoth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-04-25 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the phenomenology of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, LHC Physics focuses on the first years of data collected at the LHC as well as the experimental and theoretical tools involved. It discusses a broad spectrum of experimental and theoretical activity in particle physics, from the searches for the Higgs boson and physics beyond the Standard Model to studies of quantum chromodynamics, the B-physics sector, and the properties of dense hadronic matter in heavy-ion collisions. Covering the topics in a pedagogical manner, the book introduces the theoretical and phenomenological framework of hadron collisions and presents the current theoretical models of frontier physics. It offers overviews of the main detector components, the initial calibration procedures, and search strategies. The authors also provide explicit examples of physics analyses drawn from the recently shut down Tevatron. In the coming years, or perhaps even sooner, the LHC experiments may reveal the Higgs boson and offer insight beyond the Standard Model. Written by some of the most prominent and active researchers in particle physics, this volume equips new physicists with the theory and tools needed to understand the various LHC experiments and prepares them to make future contributions to the field.
Download or read book Measurement of the Top Quark Mass written by Tzu-Chung Frank Hsieh and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclei in the Cosmos written by Heinz Oberhummer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear astrophysics as it stands today is a fascinating science. Even though, compared to other scientific fields, it is a young discipline which has developed only in this century, it has answered many questions concerning the under standing of our cosmos. One of these great achievements was the concept of nucleosynthesis, the creation of the elements in the early universe in interstellar matter and in stars. Nuclear astrophysics has continued, to solve many riddles of the evolution of the myriads of stars in our cosmos. This review volume attempts to provide an overview of the current status of nuclear astrophysics. Special emphasis is given to the interdisciplinary nature of the field: astronomy, nuclear physics, astrophysics and particle physics are equally involved. One basic effort of nuclear astrophysics is the collection of ob servational facts with astronomical methods. Laboratory studies of the nuclear processes involved in various astrophysical scenarios have provided fundamen tal information serving both as input for and test of astrophysical models. The theoretical understanding of nuclear reaction mechanisms is necessary, for example, to extrapolate the experimentally determined reaction rates to the thermonuclear energy range, which is relevant for the nuclear processes in our cosmos. Astrophysical models and calculations allow us to simulate how nuclear processes contribute to driving the evolution of stars, interstellar matter and the whole universe. Finally, elementary particle physics also plays an important role in the field of nuclear astrophysics, for instance through weak interaction processes involving neutrinos.
Download or read book Top Quark Pair Production written by Anna Christine Henrichs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before any kind of new physics discovery could be made at the LHC, a precise understanding and measurement of the Standard Model of particle physics' processes was necessary. The book provides an introduction to top quark production in the context of the Standard Model and presents two such precise measurements of the production of top quark pairs in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV that were observed with the ATLAS Experiment at the LHC. The presented measurements focus on events with one charged lepton, missing transverse energy and jets. Using novel and advanced analysis techniques as well as a good understanding of the detector, they constitute the most precise measurements of the quantity at that time.
Download or read book Low Energy Electrons written by Oddur Ingólfsson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-energy electrons are ubiquitous in nature and play an important role in natural phenomena as well as many potential and current industrial processes. Authored by 16 active researchers, this book describes the fundamental characteristics of low-energy electron–molecule interactions and their role in different fields of science and technology, including plasma processing, nanotechnology, and health care, as well as astro- and atmospheric physics and chemistry. The book is packed with illustrative examples, from both fundamental and application sides, features about 130 figures, and lists over 800 references. It may serve as an advanced graduate-level study course material where selected chapters can be used either individually or in combination as a basis to highlight and study specific aspects of low-energy electron–molecule interactions. It is also directed at researchers in the fields of plasma physics, nanotechnology, and radiation damage to biologically relevant material (such as in cancer therapy), especially those with an interest in high-energy-radiation-induced processes, from both an experimental and a theoretical point of view.
Download or read book Theory of Particle and Cluster Emission written by Doru S. Delion and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-10 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays experimental nuclear physics pushes its limits towards highly unstable nuclei. The theoretical description of proton-rich and neutronrich nuclei or superheavy elements has become an important part of the modern nuclear physics. The main tool to investigate such unstable nuclei concerns radioactive decays, from proton emission to fission processes. We review the main theoretical methods describing decay processes induced by the strong interaction, like Coupled channels method for Gamow resonances, R-matrix theory, Distorted wave approach, Semiclassical approach, Multi step and Two center shell model. Thus, most of the book is addressed to a broad audience within the nuclear physics community. Secondly, this book is an attempt to clarify some fundamental aspects connected with the fine structure or anisotropy in alpha decay and ternary cold fission. Finally, the self consistent microscopic theory of the alpha decay is analyzed.
