Download or read book Search for Low Surface Brightness Dwarf Galaxies in Different Environments written by Sarah Roberts and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Galaxies in the Local Volume written by Bärbel Silvia Koribalski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-29 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book presents an overview of the galaxies within the Local Volume, including the Local Group and our closest neighbours, the Andromeda Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. Presented here are the latest results from radio, infrared and optical surveys as well as detailed multi-wavelength studies of individual galaxies. The book aims to provide a vibrant forum for presentations and discussions across a broad range of astrophysical topics.
Download or read book Dwarf Galaxies in Voids written by Crystal M. Moorman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the first statistically-significant sample of dwarf galaxies in voids with matched optical (Sloan Digital Sky Survey), radio (Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey), and UV (GALEX) observations, which allows us to probe the impact of voids on the luminosity function, HI mass function, and star formation history of galaxies. Large-scale voids provide a unique environment for studying galaxy formation and evolution. Previous theoretical work predicts that galaxies residing in large-scale voids evolve as if they were in a universe with lower matter density, higher dark energy density, and larger Hubble constant. Environmental processes such as ram pressure stripping and galaxy-galaxy interactions should be less important for void galaxies than for galaxies in denser regions (wall galaxies). We measure the effects of environment on two fundamental tests of galaxy formation: the galaxy luminosity function (LF) and the HI mass function (HIMF). In both cases, we find a significant shift towards lower-mass, fainter galaxies in voids. However, we do not detect a dependence on environment of the low-mass/faint end slope of the HIMF and LF. We find that including low surface brightness dwarf galaxies from a blind HI survey steepens the r-band LF substantially, but not enough to reconcile the mismatch predicted low-mass slope of the dark matter halo mass function and the faint-end slope of the observed luminosity function. Utilizing optical, HI, and UV information of nearby galaxies, we determine that specific star formation rates of dwarf galaxies down to $M_r=-13$ are higher in voids than in walls. Furthermore, we downsample the ALFALFA wall galaxy distribution so that its stellar mass distribution matches the stellar mass distribution of void galaxies and determine the environmental dependence of star formation efficiency. We do not find strong evidence that star formation efficiency is dependent on large-scale environment, but this result is likely dependent on the requirements that all galaxies, regardless of environment, have high HI signal-to-noise flux and similar stellar mass distributions.
Download or read book Environmental Influences on Dwarf Galaxy Evolution written by Sabrina Renee Stierwalt and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxy groups are a rich source of information concerning galaxy evolution as they represent a fundamental link between individual galaxies and large scale structures. Nearby groups probe the low end of the galaxy mass function for the dwarf systems that constitute the most numerous extragalactic population in the local universe [Karachentsev et al., 2004]. Inspired by recent progress in our understanding of the Local Group, this dissertation addresses how much of this knowledge can be applied to other nearby groups by focusing on the Leo I Group at 11 Mpc. Gas-deficient, early-type dwarfs dominate the Local Group (Mateo [1998]; Belokurov et al. [2007]), but a few faint, HI-bearing dwarfs have been discovered in the outskirts of the Milky Way's influence (e.g. Leo T; Irwin et al. [2007]). We use the wide areal coverage of the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) HI survey to search the full extent of Leo I and exploit the survey's superior sensitivity, spatial and spectral resolution to probe lower HI masses than previous HI surveys. ALFALFA finds in Leo I a significant population of low surface brightness dwarfs missed by optical surveys which suggests similar systems in the Local Group may represent a so far poorly studied population of widely distributed, optically faint yet gas-bearing dwarfs. The morphological segregation seen in the Local Group is also reflected in Leo I and further suggests a significant population of gas-bearing dwarfs may be missed by surveys narrowly focused around more massive systems. The Leo I HI mass function is dominated by low mass objects yielding a steeper low-mass slope than found for luminosity functions of the group. However, the slope still falls short of that predicted by simulations of structure formation. Further contributors to this gap may be dwarf systems formed from tidal material (TDGs), the fraction of which, even in the Local Group, remains unknown. We find that TDGs can be identified from the ALFALFA survey based on their proximity to tidal remnants and from optical spectroscopic followup via their high gas fractions and high metallicities given their luminosities. However, despite the two large tidal remnants found in Leo I, our search results in only two TDGs for the group. If most dwarfs are instead formed from small dark matter haloes as suggested by the [LAMDA]CDM framework, different classes of dwarf may reflect early versus late stages of evolution. Dwarfs of mixed morphologies, like the six so-called transition dwarfs in the Local Group, may represent the evolutionary link between gas-rich and gas-poor classes, but when constrained by the requirement of HII regions, we find only one such candidate in Leo I. The work presented here lays the groundwork for future HI-based group studies which will be made possible with rich ALFALFA dataset.
Download or read book Dwarf Galaxies and Their Environment written by Klaas Sjoerds Boer and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Low Surface Brightness Galaxies and Their Environments written by Dominik Rosenbaum and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dwarf Galaxies Keys to Galaxy Formation and Evolution written by Polychronis Papaderos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dwarf galaxy research constitutes an extremely vibrant field of astrophysical research, with many long-standing questions still unsettled and new ones constantly arising. The intriguing diversity of the dwarf galaxy population, observed with advanced ground-based and space-borne observatories over a wide spectral window providing an unprecedented level of detail, poses new challenges for both observers and theoreticians. The aim of this symposium was to bring together these two groups to exchange ideas and new results on the many evolutionary aspects of and open issues concerning dwarf galaxies. The main topics addressed include: the birth of dwarf galaxies: theoretical concepts and observable relics across wavelengths and time, the morphological, structural and chemical evolution of dwarf galaxies, possible evolutionary connections between early-type and late-type dwarfs, the star formation history of dwarf galaxies and its dependence on intrinsic and environmental properties, the origin and implications of starburst activity in dwarf galaxies, the fate of dwarfish systems born out of tidally ejected matter in galaxy collisions.
Download or read book The Properties and Evolution of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies written by Willem Jan Geert de Blok and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolutionary Studies of Low Surface Brightness Dwarf Galaxies written by Liese Ellen Van Zee and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters IAU C195 written by International Astronomical Union. Colloquium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-12-16 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Colloquium no. 195, held in Torino, Italy in 2004. The meeting investigated the formation of galaxies within a full cosmological context, focusing on the outer regions of galaxy clusters. The observed correlation of optical and radio properties of galaxies with their environment indicates that the formation and evolution of galaxies is intimately linked to the formation of large scale structure. With chapters written by leading authorities in the field, this timely volume investigates the role of the environment in determining the properties of galaxies. It describes the distribution of matter and galaxies on the largest scales in the Universe, the processes of cluster and galaxy formation, their role and interplay. This is a valuable collection of review articles for professional astronomers.
Download or read book Observational Evidence of the Large scale Environmental Influence on Dwarf Galaxy Evolution written by Kelly Ann Douglass and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate how the cosmic environment affects galaxy evolution in the Universe by studying gas-phase chemical abundances and other galaxy properties as a function of the large-scale environment and local density of galaxies. Using spectroscopic observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7, we estimate the oxygen and nitrogen abundances of 993 star-forming void dwarf galaxies and 759 star-forming dwarf galaxies in denser regions. We use the Direct Te method for calculating the gas-phase chemical abundances in the dwarf galaxies because it is best suited for low metallicity, low mass galaxies. A substitute for the [OII] 3727 doublet is developed, permitting oxygen abundance estimates of SDSS dwarf galaxies at all redshifts with the Direct Te method. We find that star-forming void dwarf galaxies have slightly higher oxygen abundances than star-forming dwarf galaxies in denser environments, but we find that void dwarf galaxies have slightly lower nitrogen abundances and lower N/O ratios than galaxies in denser regions. At smaller scales, we find that only the presence of a neighboring galaxy within 0.05 Mpc/h or 0.1 r_virial, or the presence of a group within 0.05 Mpc/h, influences a dwarf galaxy's evolution. Dwarf galaxies within 0.05 Mpc/h or 0.1 r_virial of another galaxy tend to be bluer, have higher sSFRs, have higher oxygen abundances, and have lower N/O ratios than average. In contrast, galaxies within 0.05 Mpc/h of the center of the closest group have lower oxygen and nitrogen abundances than average. We also investigate how a galaxy transitions through the color-magnitude diagram, evolving from a blue, star-forming spiral or irregular galaxy in the blue sequence to a red elliptical galaxy in the red cloud through the green valley. We discover that combining a galaxy's color, color gradient, and inverse concentration index determines a galaxy's location on the color-magnitude diagram. The results indicate that, in the green valley, there is a lower fraction of void dwarf galaxies than dwarf galaxies in denser regions. From these analyses, we surmise that void dwarf galaxies experience delayed star formation as predicted by the Lambda CDM cosmology. We also conjecture that cosmic downsizing corresponds to a shift towards star formation in both lower mass objects and void regions closer to the present epoch. We present evidence that void dwarf galaxies may have a higher ratio of dark matter halo mass to stellar mass when compared to dwarf galaxies in denser environments.
Download or read book Dwarf Galaxies written by M. Tarenghi and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Philosophical Approach to MOND written by David Merritt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dark matter is a fundamental component of the standard cosmological model, but in spite of four decades of increasingly sensitive searches, no-one has yet detected a single dark-matter particle in the laboratory. An alternative cosmological paradigm exists: MOND (Modified Newtonian Dynamics). Observations explained in the standard model by postulating dark matter are described in MOND by proposing a modification of Newton's laws of motion. Both MOND and the standard model have had successes and failures – but only MOND has repeatedly predicted observational facts in advance of their discovery. In this volume, David Merritt outlines why such predictions are considered by many philosophers of science to be the 'gold standard' when it comes to judging a theory's validity. In a world where the standard model receives most attention, the author applies criteria from the philosophy of science to assess, in a systematic way, the viability of this alternative cosmological paradigm.
Download or read book Globular Cluster Systems written by Keith M. Ashman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-12-11 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globular clusters are roughly spherical, densely packed groups of stars found around galaxies. Most globular clusters probably formed at the same time as their host galaxies. Therefore they provide a unique fossil record of the conditions during the formation and early evolution of galaxies. This volume presents a comprehensive review of globular cluster systems. It summarizes their observed properties and shows how these constrain models of the structure of stars, the formation and evolution of galaxies and globular clusters, and the age of the Universe. For graduate students and researchers, this timely volume provides the definitive reference on globular cluster systems.
Download or read book An Automated Search for Low Surface Brightness Galaxies written by Zalia Morshidi and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Outskirts of Galaxies written by Johan H. Knapen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-09 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of invited reviews written by world-renowned experts on the subject of the outskirts of galaxies, an upcoming field which has been understudied so far. These regions are faint and hard to observe, yet hide a tremendous amount of information on the origin and early evolution of galaxies. They thus allow astronomers to address some of the most topical problems, such as gaseous and satellite accretion, radial migration, and merging. The book is published in conjunction with the celebration of the end of the four-year DAGAL project, an EU-funded initial training network, and with a major international conference on the topic held in March 2016 in Toledo. It thus reflects not only the views of the experts, but also the scientific discussions and progress achieved during the project and the meeting. The reviews in the book describe the most modern observations of the outer regions of our own Galaxy, and of galaxies in the local and high-redshift Universe. They tackle disks, haloes, streams, and accretion as observed through deep imaging and spectroscopy, and guide the reader through the various formation and evolution scenarios for galaxies. The reviews focus on the major open questions in the field, and explore how they can be tackled in the future. This book provides a unique entry point into the field for graduate students and non-specialists, and serves as a reference work for researchers in this exciting new field.
Download or read book Extending the Realm of Galaxies to the Low Surface Brightness Universe written by Brisa Mancillas Vaquera and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exploration of diffuse light emission and the outskirts of galaxies in the regime of the Low Surface Brightness (LSB) is of utmost importance to understand the formation mechanism of galaxy evolution, and is essential to constrain the current theoretical models and numerical simulations in the cosmological context. Observational data, both in optical and radio emission, complemented with hydrodynamical cosmological numerical simulations provide us a crucial information about the morphological properties of substructures surrounding massive galaxies, as well as the mass distribution, molecular gas content and star formation of LSB galaxies such as the recently discovered Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs).This thesis presents several analysis addressed to the study of these schemes. In first instance, motivated in the most recent works about optimized deep imaging surveys observed with the CFHT telescope, which have revealed prominent LSB fine structures classified like tidal tails, stellar streams and shells, we have computed statistics of an hydrodynamical numerical simulation in order to interpret observations and make inferences about the past mass assembly of galaxies. We made a census of these substructures and computed their survival time. We also studied their dependence with several properties like the projection and the surface brightness. We found that shells and streams remains visible around 4 Gyr and they are mainly associated to minor mergers and a continuous diffuse gas accretion, while tidal tails have a durability time of around 1 Gyr and are correlated with major merger events. In parallel, in this work we made use of a semi-empirical approach to build-up a mock catalog with the aim to make predictions about scaling relations and constrain physical parameters of UDGs and LSB galaxies.On the other hand, we have performed CO spectroscopy surveys of UDGs observed at IRAM-30m to quantify the molecular gas content. The selected galaxies were conformed by sources from several environments and different properties, including objects like the very red galaxies Dragonfly 44 and DGSAT I. We have obtained unprecedented upper limits of their CO mass (few 10^6 - 10^7 solar masses). We also made CO observations at IRAM-30m to detect molecular gas content in a sample of four early-type galaxies that exhibit prominent shell galaxies like the case of NGC 0474 and Arp 230. Our goal is to test the phase wrapping formation model proposed in numerical simulations. We detected a molecular mass of around 10^8 solar masses in several shells of one galaxy of our sample and we report the mass upper limits for the other cases.
