Download or read book Screening for Water Conserving Turfgrass and Improved Water Use Efficiency in Kentucky Bluegrass written by Jeffrey S. Ebdon and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Turfgrass Water Conservation written by Stephen T. Cockerham and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is an increasingly valuable and limited resource, often perceived as being wasted on turfgrass. This much-anticipated second edition brings clear, current, science-based information on turfgrass management and water conservation to turf managers and researchers alike. Inside you’ll find a look at the current understanding of water use as well as new technologies being researched to reduce water use by turfgrass. Attention is paid to water quality and turfgrass as a key part of the urban environment, how integrating turfgrass with other landscape uses of water can be part of a conservation plan, and how various water qualities, including reclaimed water, can be part of a management plan. Chapters also cover •advances in drought, heat, and salinity stress tolerance •the role of water in modified root zone media and native soils •water management technologies •considerations for construction and management of urban green spaces including parks and golf courses •water depletion, pesticide and nutrient runoff A chapter summarizing the practical application of the science in each chapter rounds out the text, presenting the information in an immediately useable format. Includes 10 tables and figures, 20 color photos, a U.S. customary to metric conversion table, and an 8-page glossary.

Download or read book Deficit Irrigation of Kentucky Bluegrass for Intermountain West Urban Landscapes written by Hang T. T. Duong and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to end users irrigating with excess water, water conservation of turfgrass can make a large impact in urban water conservation by reducing water applied while still maintaining visual appearance. This study was conducted to determine if Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis L.) can be deficit irrigated to maintain minimum acceptable appearance while conserving water. The study investigated water stress in terms of stomatal conductance, chlorophyll index, leaf temperature and predawn leaf water potential at the point of water stress, or where visual quality no longer meets expectations during dry down conditions. Water use was measured over well established Kentucky bluegrass with an eddy covariance system that was validated with soil water measurements. Turfgrass was irrigated at 80% of reference evapotranspiration based on allowable depletion of 12 mm of soil water during growing season that was considered to be well-watered. Two dry downs were conducted over a two-year period (early and late summer). Turfgrass was allowed to dry down without irrigation until visual quality reached the minimum acceptable points (score 9́Þ 6). During drying periods, visual rating, chlorophyll index, predawn leaf water potential, and leaf temperature with stomatal conductance rapidly decreased once stomatal conductance fell to approximately half of well-watered levels. Both soil water content and evapotranspiration had weak correlation with stomatal conductance; however, stomatal conductance tended to have higher correlation with the change in soil moisture than with the change in crop evapotranspiration. Soil water use and eddy covariance data in terms of crop evapotranspiration had high correlation. The plant water use factor ranged from around 0.8 to 1.1 under well-watered condition corresponding to visual rating from 7 to 9. At the minimum acceptable point of visual rating, which is 5.5 to 6, the plant factor ranged from 0.65 to 0.87. This value of plant factor is quite high at this point. Even when Kentucky bluegrass went below acceptable visual quality, the grass still used significant amounts of water with the plant factor value ranging from 0.6 to 0.8. The data suggested that deficit irrigation cannot be applied with Kentucky bluegrass in the Intermountain West area.

Download or read book Determination of Efficient Ways in Turfgrass Water Conservation Through Cultural Practices Species and Genotypic Selection and Irrigation Methods written by Beatrice Beth Baikan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Turfgrass Water Use and Photosynthesis in Controlled Environments written by Craig Harnock and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water use by turfgrasses is important because it impacts land use decisions and the potential use of natural turfgrasses in enclosed stadia. To determine turfgrass water use the evapotranspiration (ET) and photosynthesis rates were measured for different turfgrasses under different soil water conditions in a controlled environment with artificial lights. Application of abscisic acid reduced Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) ET, photosynthesis rates and it also reduced turfgrass growth and turfgrass greenness. Amongst tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and perennial ryegrass, tall fescue had the highest ET and photosynthesis rates. Five KBG cultivar blends varied in ET and photosynthesis rates when maintained at bin capacity, analogous to field capacity, and below bin capacity conditions. The KBG cultivar blend with the lowest ET in both conditions was the 'Turfgrass Water Conservation Alliance (TWCA)' blend. The KBG cultivar blend with the highest ET at bin capacity was Lowmow, while at below bin capacity was 4-Way. Turfgrasses in bins maintained at bin capacity used less water during daytime than turfgrasses in bins below bin capacity and had higher relative night time ET rates: 44.8% of daytime compared to 34.7 % for below bin capacity. The KBG cultivar blend bred for staying green in drought conditions, TWCA, had lower ET and photosynthesis rates than standard KBG cultivar blends.

Download or read book Turfgrass Science and Culture written by James B Beard and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1972 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic and best-selling text for sod and turfgrass courses covering lawnkeeping and athletic groundskeeping.

Download or read book Evapotranspiration of Kentucky Bluegrass written by Lynda L. Fenton and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid population growth in arid regions of the western US is placing increased demand on water resources. Variability in precipitation and common occurrence of drought have promoted scrutiny of water use in urban lawns and gardens. However, few reliable measurements of water use of these landscapes exist. Quantifying the amount of water used vs. required by landscapes such as turfgrass would allow significant water conservation. Evapotranspiration (ET) is affected by biophysical factors such as: available energy, turbulent mixing, saturation deficit, soil water, and stomatal conductance. In order to simulate the water use by turfgrass, the relative importance of these processes must be determined for this environment. This study measures ET rates for Kentucky bluegrass using eddy covariance techniques, to quantify water use under various conditions. The results are combined with a coupled form of the Penman- Monteith Equation to determine which biophysical factors affect the ET rate under various atmospheric conditions, especially the advection of heat and saturation deficit from the regional atmosphere. In addition, changes in ET and other properties of the vegetation were monitored during a period of reduced irrigation or dry-down. These results will help determine the amount of water such landscapes actually need.

Download or read book Managing Turfgrasses during Drought written by and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With long, hot, dry summers common to most areas of the state, California lawns generally need watering for much of the year. Learn how to use water more efficiently as water demands and costs go up and drought conditions continue.

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 950 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Interpreting Turfgrass Irrigation Water Test Results written by and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water analysis by a commercial laboratory provides data on many parameters, some of which are of little significance for turfgrass irrigation. Learn which parameters are the most important for turfgrass management.

Download or read book Agronomy Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes abstracts of the annual meetings of the American Society of Agronomy; Soil Science Society of America; Crop Science Society of America ( - of its Agronomic Education Division).

Download or read book Determining Water Requirements in Turfgrass Systems written by Tyler Quinn Carr and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turfgrass lawns are commonly utilized for home and commercial applications because of the aesthetic, environmental, and recreational benefits grasses provide, but many people perceive turfgrass as solely an aesthetic benefit that requires significant water inputs. It is important to identify and use turfgrass cultivars that have known drought tolerance, and also fine-tune and throughout development. A series of field experiments were conducted to determine the water requirements of turfgrass lawn systems with the following objectives: 1) investigate differences in chronic drought resistance and irrigation recommendations among cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) 2) determine the water use of Kentucky bluegrass as affected by cultivar, irrigation frequency, and soil texture; 3) and determine the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) percent replacement that maximizes bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) establishment from seed and whether Turfgrass Water Conservation Alliance qualified cultivars require less water to establish from seed. From the cultivars evaluated, PST-K13-137 and NAI-13-132 Kentucky bluegrasses were the most drought tolerant and drought susceptible cultivars, respectively, and the tall fescue cultivar Thunderstruck was the most drought tolerant and Titanium 2LS was the most drought susceptible. For both species, there were no significant differences in cumulative water requirements, likely be due to the lack of inclusion of experimental controls with known drought tolerance. Lysimeters plots irrigated to replace 40% ETo and containing loamy sand resulted in less green turfgrass coverage than those grown in silt loam. Water use was significantly affected by soil texture only during late summer 2018, with lysimeters containing silt loam and loamy sand using 23.8 and 22.5 mm per week, respectively. These results imply that, under prolonged drought stress, soil texture has minimal effect on water consumption. Irrigating to replace 100% ETo is adequate to maximize bermudagrass establishment from seed. These conclusions validate the global water-saving potential when drought tolerant cultivars and precise irrigation recommendations are implemented.

Download or read book National Kentucky Bluegrass Test 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the National Water Conservation Conference on Publicly Supplied Potable Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Review on Kentucky Bluegrass Responses and Tolerance to Drought Stress written by Yajun Chen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is an excellent cool-season turfgrass and is extensively used in urban green space, parks and sports fields worldwide, but it is sensitive to drought stress. Drought reduces turf quality of Kentucky bluegrass by influences on the shoot density, texture, uniformity, color, growth habit and recuperative capacity. It has been a challenge for breeding water saving cultivars and enhances water use efficiency in Kentucky bluegrass. Many studies have revealed the mechanisms of drought stress tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass via multiple approaches. The morphological and physiological attributes as well as molecular information were discovered for better understanding and improving its drought tolerance. In this chapter, we will draw a systematic literature review about Kentucky bluegrass in response to drought stress and provide future perspectives of Kentucky bluegrass drought resistance research.

Download or read book Water Use Characteristics of Ten Newly Established Cool season Turfgrass Species written by Tod M. Blankenship and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water use restrictions are continuing to have an impact on the way turf is managed today and will be managed in the future. The objective of this research was to evaluate the irrigation requirements of ten newly established cool-season turfgrass species maintained under two different mowing height and nitrogen fertility regimes. The site was treated with glyphosate to eliminate existing plant material, scalped to remove foliage, leveled, and graded to provide adequate surface drainage. All plots were seeded with a blend of three cultivars for all turfgrass species (Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, velvet bentgrass, creeping bentgrass, colonial bentgrass, strong creeping red fescue, chewings fescue, slender creeping red fescue, tall fescue) except for annual bluegrass which was sodded. Plots were mowed at 1.6 and 5.1 cm three times and one time per week respectively. Nitrogen was applied at either 0.45 or 1.81 kg per 92.9 m2 per year. Water moisture stress was assessed visually as well with a Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) moisture probe at a 3.8 cm depth for the same 45-day period in 2009 and 2010. Irrigation was applied based on predetermined water replacement values through a hand-held hose with a flow and batch meter attachment. Significant irrigation input differences were observed between mowing height treatments but not among nitrogen fertility treatments. Tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, creeping bentgrass and velvet bentgrass were all lower water users under both high and low heights of cut in this trial. The higher water use species, annual bluegrass and red fescues, all required more water in the low mown plots than the high mown plots. A lower crop coefficient for irrigation could be utilized for most species in the Pacific Northwest. Stress detection glasses were able to detect water stress in all turfgrass species tested by a minimum of 1.2 days on average and a maximum of 2.4 days in advance of the unaided visual assessment. The glasses were evaluated across a broad range of species and were effective regardless of the different turf canopies and variation in color present in the different species. The early detection of stress would enable turf managers to schedule irrigation in advance while conserving water. For most species the TDR could reliably measure the percent Volumetric Water Content (VWC) at which irrigation was required to maintain a functional turf surface. At the typical recommended mowing height of most species, if maturity was achieved, this was at approximately 30% VWC. The TDR could be used to more accurately guide irrigation scheduling and reduce water use.

Download or read book Golf Course Management Construction written by James C. Balogh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-26 with total page 1234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Golf Course Management & Construction presents a comprehensive summary and assessment of technical and scientific research on the environmental effects of turfgrass system construction and maintenance. Although the book focuses on golf courses, it also discusses turfgrass systems for residential and commercial lawns, parks, and greenways. The book is an excellent introduction to the concepts of nonpoint source environmental impacts of turfgrass management for turfgrass scientists and specialists, landscape and golf course architects, turfgrass system and golf course developers, golf course superintendents, environmental scientists, and land-use regulators.