Download or read book Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children written by U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-06-22 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech and language development is considered a useful indicator of a child's overall development and cognitive ability by experts and is related to school success. Identification of children at risk for developmental delay or related problems may lead to intervention services and family assistance at a young age when chances for improvement are best. This rationale supports preschool screening for speech and language delay, or primary language impairment/disorder, as a part of routine well child care. This evidence synthesis focuses on the strengths and limits of evidence about the effectiveness of screening and interventions for speech and language delay in preschool age children. Its objective is to determine the balance of benefits and adverse effects of routine screening in primary care for the development of guidelines by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). The target population includes all children up to age 5 years without previously known conditions associated with speech and language delay, such as hearing and neurological impairments. The evidence synthesis emphasizes the patient's perspective in the choice of tests, interventions, outcome measures, and potential adverse effects, and focuses on those that are available and easily interpreted in the context of primary care. It also considers the generalizability of efficacy studies performed in controlled or academic settings and interprets the use of the tests and interventions in community-based populations seeking primary health care. Key questions addressed include: Key Question 1. Does Screening for Speech and Language Delay Result in Improved Speech and Language as well as Improved Other Non-speech and Language Outcomes? Key Question 2. Do Screening Evaluations in the Primary Care Setting Accurately Identify Children for Diagnostic Evaluation and Interventions? 2a. Does Identification of Risk Factors Improve Screening? Key Questions 2b and 2c. What Are Screening Techniques and How Do They Differ by Age? What Is the Accuracy of Screening Techniques and How Does It Differ by Age? 2d. What Are the Optimal Ages and Frequency for Screening? Key Question 3. What Are the Adverse Effects of Screening? Key Question 4. What Is the Role of Enhanced Surveillance by Primary Care Clinicians? Key Question 5. Do Interventions for Speech and Language Delay Improve Speech and Language Outcomes? Key Question 6. Do Interventions for Speech and Language Delay Improve Other Non-Speech and Language Outcomes? Key Question 7. Does Improvement in Speech and Language Outcomes Lead to Improved Additional Outcomes? Key Question 8. What Are the Adverse Effects of Interventions? Key Question 9. What Are Cost-Effectiveness Issues?

Download or read book Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children written by Heidi D. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONTEXT: Speech and language development is a useful initial indicator of a child's overall development and cognitive ability. Identification of children at risk for delay may lead to interventions, increasing chances for improvement. However, screening for speech and language delay is not widely practiced in primary care. OBJECTIVE: To determine the strengths and limits of evidence about the effectiveness of selecting, testing, and managing children with potential speech and language delay in the course of routine primary care. Key questions examined a chain of evidence about the accuracy and feasibility of screening children age 5 years and younger in primary care settings, role of risk factors in selecting children for screening, effectiveness of interventions for children identified with speech and language delay, and adverse effects of screening and interventions. DATA SOURCES: Relevant studies were identified from multiple searches of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL (1966 to November 19, 2004). Additional articles were obtained from recent systematic reviews, reference lists of pertinent studies, reviews, editorials, and websites, and by consulting experts. STUDY SELECTION: Eligible studies had English-language abstracts, were applicable to U.S. clinical practice, and provided primary data relevant to key questions. Studies of children with previously diagnosed conditions known to cause speech and language delay were not included. Only randomized controlled trials were considered for examining the effectiveness of interventions. Studies with speech and language outcomes as well as non speech and language health and functional outcomes were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted from each study and entered into evidence tables. DATA SYNTHESIS: Studies were summarized by descriptive methods and rated for quality using criteria developed by the USPSTF. A large descriptive literature of potential risk factors for speech and language delay in children is heterogeneous and results are inconsistent. A list of specific risk factors to guide primary care physicians in selective screening has not been developed or tested. The most consistently reported risk factors include a family history of speech and language delay and learning difficulties, male sex, and perinatal factors. A total of 44 studies about evaluations taking 30 minutes or less to administer that could be administered in a primary care setting were considered to have potential for screening purposes. Studies included many different instruments, there were no accepted gold standards or referral criteria, and few studies compared the performance of 2 or more tests. Studies utilizing evaluations taking 10 minutes or less and rated good to fair in quality reported wide ranges of sensitivity and specificity when compared to reference standards (sensitivity 17% to 100%; specificity 45% to 100%). Studies did not provide enough information to determine how accuracy varied by age, setting, or administrator. Fourteen good and fair-quality randomized controlled trials of interventions reported significantly improved speech and language outcomes compared to control groups. Improvement was demonstrated in several domains including articulation, phonology, expressive language, receptive language, lexical acquisition, and syntax among children in all age groups studied and across multiple therapeutic settings. Improvement in other functional outcomes, such as socialization skills, self-esteem, and improved play themes, were demonstrated in some, but not all, of the 4 studies measuring them. In general, studies of interventions were small, heterogeneous, may be subject to plateau effects, and reported short-term outcomes based on various instruments and measures. As a result, long-term outcomes are not known, interventions could not be directly compared, and generalizability is questionable. CONCLUSIONS: Use of risk factors to guide selective screening is not supported by studies. Several aspects of screening have been inadequately studied to determine optimal methods including what instrument to use, what age to screen, and what interval is most useful. Trials of interventions demonstrate improvement in some outcome measures, but conclusions and generalizability are limited. Data are not available addressing other key issues including the effectiveness of screening in primary care settings, role of enhanced surveillance by primary care physicians prior to referral for diagnostic evaluation, non speech and language and long-term benefits of interventions, adverse effects of screening and interventions, and cost. KEYWORDS: speech and language delay, preschool children, screening.

Download or read book Introducing Preschool Language Scale written by Irla Lee Zimmerman and published by . This book was released on 2002-04-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children updated Literature Search written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The New Reynell Developmental Language Scales written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment in Speech and Language Therapy written by John R. Beech and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1993 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessments in Speech Therapy is designed to guide speech therapists in choosing the most appropriate assessments for evaluation, monitoring and intervention. By providing guidance on defining the issues in assessment, it shows how to make sure that the process will produce a result relevant to the therapist's own needs and those of his or her clients.

Download or read book Kaufman Speech Praxis Test for Children written by Nancy R. Kaufman and published by Wayne State University Press. This book was released on 1995-04-30 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: m

Download or read book Speech and Language Disorders in Children written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech and language are central to the human experience; they are the vital means by which people convey and receive knowledge, thoughts, feelings, and other internal experiences. Acquisition of communication skills begins early in childhood and is foundational to the ability to gain access to culturally transmitted knowledge, organize and share thoughts and feelings, and participate in social interactions and relationships. Thus, speech disorders and language disorders-disruptions in communication development-can have wide-ranging and adverse impacts on the ability to communicate and also to acquire new knowledge and fully participate in society. Severe disruptions in speech or language acquisition have both direct and indirect consequences for child and adolescent development, not only in communication, but also in associated abilities such as reading and academic achievement that depend on speech and language skills. The Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program for children provides financial assistance to children from low-income, resource-limited families who are determined to have conditions that meet the disability standard required under law. Between 2000 and 2010, there was an unprecedented rise in the number of applications and the number of children found to meet the disability criteria. The factors that contribute to these changes are a primary focus of this report. Speech and Language Disorders in Children provides an overview of the current status of the diagnosis and treatment of speech and language disorders and levels of impairment in the U.S. population under age 18. This study identifies past and current trends in the prevalence and persistence of speech disorders and language disorders for the general U.S. population under age 18 and compares those trends to trends in the SSI childhood disability population.

Download or read book The Capute Scales written by Pasquale J. Accardo and published by Brookes Publishing Company. This book was released on 2005 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Created for use in clinical settings, The Capute Scales are effective both as a screener for general practitioners and as an assessment tool for specialists such as developmental pediatricians, speech-language pathologists, and occupational therapists. With its high correlation with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, this standardized instrument will assist clinicians in making developmental diagnoses, counseling families, and guiding them to appropriate intervention services. The Capute Scales Manual includes an explanation of the scales' development, guidelines on administration and scoring, an overview of clinical and research use, and information on standardization of the scales and their use in other languages. Available in other languages! Spanish and Russian translations of The Capute Scales are included in the manual, and work on other translations is ongoing. This manual is part of The Capute Scales, a norm-referenced, 100-item screening and assessment tool that helps experienced practitioners identify developmental delays in children from 1-36 months of age. Developed by Arnold J. Capute, the founding father of neurodevelopmental pediatrics, this reliable, easy-to-administer tool was tested and refined at the Kennedy Krieger Institute for more than 30 years. Learn more about The Capute Scales.

Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Paediatrics written by Robert C. Tasker and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 1125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully revised for the new edition, this handbook covers all significant aspects of acute and chronic paediatrics. Areas such as neonatology, surgery, genetics and congenital malformations and child protection are covered in a user-friendly and succinct style.

Download or read book Screening for Speech and Language Delays and Disorders in Children Age 5 Years Or Younger written by Nancy D. Berkman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PURPOSE: To evaluate the evidence on screening and treating children for speech and language delays or disorders for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). DATA SOURCES: PubMed/MEDLINE(r), the Cochrane Library, PsycInfo(r), ClinicalTrials.gov, HSRProj, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and reference lists of published literature (through July 2014). STUDY SELECTION: Two investigators independently selected studies reporting on benefits and harms of screening; accuracy of screening tools compared with diagnostic evaluations; and benefits or harms of treatment of speech and language delays or disorders compared with placebo, watchful waiting, or wait-list interventions. To provide context for evaluating our Key Questions, we also included studies describing screening instruments and risk factors for speech and language delays or disorder. DATA EXTRACTION: One reviewer extracted data and a second checked accuracy. Two independent reviewers assigned quality ratings using predefined criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS: No included studies examined the effects of screening on speech and language or other functional outcomes. We included 23 studies evaluating the accuracy of speech and language screening in primary care settings to identify children for diagnostic evaluations and interventions. Among instruments in 13 studies in which parents rated their children's skills, sensitivity ranged from 50 to 94 percent and specificity ranged from 45 to 96 percent. Of the three instruments widely used in the United States, the MacArthur Bates Communication Development Inventory (CDI) and the Language Development Survey (LDS) outperformed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) Communication Domain, especially in terms of their specificity, correctly identifying, on average, 82 percent (CDI) and 91 percent (LDS) compared with 58 percent (ASQ) of children without a language disorder. The ASQ and CDI have versions for infants, toddlers, and preschool-age children, with the CDI being more robust across age groups. The accuracy of professionally or paraprofessionally administered instruments was more variable across studies, and many did not perform as well as parent-rated instruments. Because few studies examined the same instrument in different populations or in different ages, it is unclear how professionally or paraprofessionally administered instruments for multiple ages fare more broadly or whether there is an optimal age for screening. We found no studies addressing adverse effects of screening, such as deleterious consequences of false conclusions from screening. We also found no studies concerning the role of enhanced surveillance by a primary care provider. We included 13 studies examining treatment for speech and language delays or disorders. Although the treatment approaches sometimes overlap, we organized our findings by outcome: language (including expressive and receptive language and more specific aspects of language, such as vocabulary, syntax/morphology, and narratives), speech sounds (including articulation, phonology, and speech intelligibility), and fluency (stuttering). Although results were mixed, the majority of studies found treatment to be effective. Characteristics of effective studies include higher intensity, treating children with more severe delays, and individualizing treatment to the child. We found little evidence concerning other functional outcomes or adverse effects of treatment. Risk factors that were generally associated with speech and language delays or disorders in multivariate analyses of cohort populations included being male, a family history of speech and language concerns, and lower levels of parental educational achievement. LIMITATIONS: As in the earlier review, we did not find any well-conducted trials that could address our overarching question of whether screening leads to improved outcomes. Many screening studies do not include unselected samples from the population but rather participants with and without language delays. Intervention studies did not consistently control for additional community services that children may have been receiving and varied greatly in treatment approach and outcome measurement. Also, because young children with disabilities are entitled to treatment, it may not be possible for future studies in the United States to examine treatment versus no treatment. CONCLUSION: Our review yields evidence that two parent-rated screening instruments, the CDI and LDS, can accurately identify children for diagnostic evaluations and interventions and likely can be interpreted with little difficulty in the primary care setting. Some treatments for young children identified with speech and language delays and disorders may be effective.

Download or read book The Early Identification of Language Impairment in Children written by James Christopher Law and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-14 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Variability in Early Communicative Development written by Larry Fenson and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2000-05-18 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Surveillance of language development in pre school children written by Johannes Fellinger and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-16 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Communication Screen written by Nancy Striffler and published by . This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tests designed to assist in early identification of potential speech and language-delayed children.

Download or read book Development Screening and the Child with Special Needs written by Cecil Drillien and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the outcome of many years' study on the large population of preschool children in Dundee, Scotland, where, since 1973, there has been an extensive and comprehensive program of development screening. The research population numbered more than 5,000 children, and the aims of the study were to estimate the frequency and types of neurodevelopmental disabilities identified, to describe their management, to attempt to ascertain causative factors, and to look at the predictive value of screening and its therapeutic value. Separate chapters deal with the various types of problems identified: global delay and mental retardation, motor problems, speech and language problems, behavior disorders, visual and auditory problems. A wealth of information is contained in each chapter on prevalence, causation, and consequences, with illustrative case examples, as well as a review of other relevant studies. Finally there is a valuable discussion on the relative merits of screening and health surveillance, again with reference to other important studies. This book is essential reading for all concerned with the planning or implementation of screening and surveillance programs for preschool children, and should finally answer the question of whether or not screening is worth while.