Download or read book Screening for Hearing Loss in Adults Ages 50 Years and Older written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Hearing loss is common in older adults. Screening could identify untreated hearing loss and lead to interventions to improve hearing-related function and quality of life. PURPOSE: To update the 1996 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force evidence review on screening for hearing loss in primary care settings in adults ages 50 years and older. DATA SOURCES: We searched Ovid MEDLINE from 1950 to July 2010, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through the second quarter of 2010 to identify relevant articles. We supplemented electronic searches with reviews of reference lists of relevant articles and solicited additional citations from experts. STUDY SELECTION: We selected randomized trials and controlled observational studies that directly evaluated effects of screening for hearing loss in older (ages 50 years) adults. To evaluate indirect evidence on screening, we also included studies on the diagnostic accuracy of screening tests for hearing loss used in primary care settings, and randomized trials and controlled observational studies that reported clinical outcomes associated with use of amplification. DATA EXTRACTION: One investigator abstracted data and a second investigator checked data abstraction for accuracy. Two investigators independently assessed study quality using methods developed by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. DATA SYNTHESIS: Evidence on benefits and harms of screening and treatments for hearing loss was synthesized qualitatively. One large (n=2305) randomized trial found that screening for hearing loss was associated with increased hearing aid use at 1 year, but screening was not associated with improvement in hearing-related function. There is good-quality evidence from 20 studies on diagnostic accuracy that common screening tests for hearing loss can help identify patients at higher risk for hearing loss. The whispered voice test at 2 feet and a single question regarding perceived hearing loss were comparable with a more detailed screening questionnaire or a hand-held audiometric device for identifying at least mild (>25 dB) hearing loss. Negative results using a hand-held audiometric device may be the most useful finding for ruling out at least moderate (>40 dB) hearing loss. One good-quality randomized trial found that immediate hearing aids were effective compared with wait-list control for improving hearing-related quality of life and function in patients with mild or moderate hearing loss and severe hearing-related handicap. We did not find direct evidence on harms of screening or treatments with hearing aids, but harms are likely to be small based on the non-invasive nature of screening and treatment, with no known serious adverse events. LIMITATIONS: We excluded non-English language studies, included studies of diagnostic accuracy in high-prevalence specialty settings, and did not construct outcomes tables. CONCLUSIONS: Additional research is needed to understand effects of screening compared with no screening on health outcomes, and to confirm benefits of treatment under conditions likely to be encountered in most primary care settings.

Download or read book Screening for Hearing Loss in Adults Ages 50 Years and Older a Review of the Evidence for the U S Preventive Services Task Force written by U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hearing loss is common in older adults, increases in prevalence and severity with age, and can affect quality of life and ability to function. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issued a recommendation on screening for hearing loss in adults ages 50 years and older in 1996. In 2009, the USPSTF commissioned a new evidence review in order to update its recommendation. The purpose of this report is to systematically evaluate the current evidence on screening for hearing loss in adults ages 50 years and older in primary care settings. A person with normal hearing perceives sounds at frequencies between 20 and 20,000 Hz. Frequencies between 500 and 4000 Hz are most important for speech processing. There is often discordance between objectively measured deficits in tonal perception at specific frequencies and intensity levels (measured as decibels) and subjective perceptions of hearing problems. One study found that 20 percent of persons reporting hearing difficulty had normal hearing tests, while 6.2 percent of those not reporting difficulty had significant hearing loss. Hearing problems despite normal hearing tests could be caused by abnormal signal processing or sound discrimination. Because treatments for hearing loss are targeted at improving tonal perception by signal amplification, we use the term “hearing loss” in this review to refer specifically to deficits found on objective testing. The standard objective test for hearing loss is the pure-tone audiogram, in which a patient is placed in a soundproof booth and tested on ability to hear tones at a series of discrete frequencies, typically in the range of 125 to 8000 Hz, at various decibels. There is no universally accepted definition for hearing loss. Reference criteria vary with regard to the frequencies and intensity thresholds used to determine hearing loss, and whether one or both ears are affected. Many studies define mild hearing loss as inability to hear frequencies associated with speech processing less than 25 dB and moderate hearing loss as inability to hear those frequencies less than 40 dB. Commonly used reference criteria include the Ventry and Weinstein criteria (greater than 40 dB hearing loss at either 1000 or 2000 Hz in both ears, or greater than 40 dB hearing loss at 1000 and 2000 Hz in one ear), the speech frequency pure-tone average (SFPTA) criteria (greater than 25 dB average hearing loss at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz in the better ear), and the high-frequency pure-tone average (HFPTA) criteria (greater than 25 dB average hearing loss at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz in the better ear). Key Questions presented in this report include: Key Question 1: Does Screening for Hearing Loss in Asymptomatic Adults Ages 50 Years and Older Lead To Improved Health Outcomes? Key Question 2: How Accurate Are the Methods for Screening for Hearing Loss in Older Adults? Key Question 3: How Efficacious Is the Treatment of Screening-Detected Hearing Loss in Improving Health Outcomes? Key Question 4: What Are the Adverse Effects of Screening for Hearing Loss in Adults Ages 50 Years and Older? Key Question 5: What Are the Adverse Effects of Treatment of Screening-Detected Hearing Loss in Adults Ages 50 Years and Older?

Download or read book Screening for Hearing Loss in Older Adults written by Cynthia Feltner and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PURPOSE: To systematically review the evidence on (1) benefits and harms of screening for hearing loss in adults age 50 years or older, (2) accuracy of screening tools, and (3) benefits and harms of interventions for hearing loss that was screen detected or recently diagnosed for populations and settings relevant to primary care in the United States. DATA SOURCES: PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and trial registries through January 17, 2020; reference lists of retrieved articles; outside experts; and reviewers, with surveillance of the literature through November 20, 2020. STUDY SELECTION: English-language controlled trials for hearing loss screening or evaluating interventions for screen-detected or newly detected hearing loss and studies of screening test accuracy. DATA EXTRACTION: One investigator extracted data and a second checked accuracy. Two reviewers independently rated quality for all included studies using predefined criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS: One randomized, controlled trial (RCT) enrolling veterans (2,305 participants) found that screening for hearing loss was not associated with improvements in hearing-related function at 1 year, although screening was associated with increased hearing aid use. Thirty-four studies (reported in 35 articles) evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests, a single question, a questionnaire, a handheld audiometric device, or a mobile-based audiometric application for identifying hearing loss in older adults. For detecting mild hearing loss (>20 to 25 dB), single-question screening had a pooled sensitivity of 66 percent (95% confidence interval [CI], 58% to 73%) and a pooled specificity of 76 percent (95% CI, 68% to 83%) (10 studies, 12,637 participants); for detecting moderate hearing loss (>35 to 40 dB), the pooled sensitivity was 80 percent (95% CI, 68% to 88%) and the pooled specificity was 74 percent (95% CI, 59% to 85%) (6 studies, 8,774 participants). Too few studies reported sufficient data to pool accuracy of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly-Screening (HHIE-S) for detecting mild hearing loss (>25); across four studies (7,194 participants), sensitivity of HHIE-S ranged from 34 to 58 percent, and specificity ranged from 76 to 95 percent. For detecting moderate hearing loss (>40 dB), the pooled sensitivity of HHIE-S was 68 percent (95% CI, 52% to 81%), and the pooled specificity was 79 percent (95% CI, 69% to 86%) (5 studies; 2,820 participants). In four studies (411 participants) assessing the AudioScope for detecting moderate hearing loss (>40 dB), sensitivities were high (range: 94% to 100%) and specificity varied widely (range: 24% to 80%). Other screening questionnaires, clinical tests (e.g., watch tick, whispered voice), and technology were assessed by few studies each, and results were often inconsistent and imprecise. Six trials (853 participants) evaluated benefits of amplification compared with no amplification among populations with screen-detected or recently detected, untreated age-related hearing loss over 6 weeks to 4 months. Five trials reported on the HHIE (838 participants), a self-report tool designed to measure perceived effects of hearing loss in older adults; four (758 participants) found statistically significant benefit in favor of hearing aids. Three of the four trials that found statistically significant benefit enrolled veterans and reported differences in HHIE scores that were greater than the minimal important difference of 18.7. One RCT (154 participants) enrolling community volunteers found statistically significant benefit on the HHIE in favor of two different hearing aids vs. a placebo device; however, differences between groups did not meet the level considered to be clinically meaningful. Four studies reported on general quality of life or function; few studies reported on the same measure. One RCT (194 participants) enrolling veterans with screen-detected hearing loss found significant benefit in favor of the intervention on the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (difference between groups in change from baseline: −0.28 points [95% CI, 0.08 to 0.48]; p=0.008) and Geriatric Depression Scale (difference between groups in change from baseline: −0.80 points [95% CI, 0.09 to 1.51]; p=0.03) in addition to the HHIE. No studies of interventions reported on harms. LIMITATIONS: The one trial of screening was not designed to measure hearing-related function. There has been little reproducibility in testing specific screening tests in primary care populations; most studies of screening test accuracy enroll populations from audiology or other high-prevalence settings. Trials showing clinically meaningful benefit in hearing-related function among groups receiving hearing aids vs. controls all enrolled veterans with a relatively high prevalence of hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: Several screening tests can adequately detect hearing loss in adults age 50 years or older. One trial of screening that enrolled veterans with a relatively high prevalence of self-perceived hearing loss did not find a benefit for hearing-related function. No controlled studies reported on the harms of screening or treatment among adults with screen-detected or newly detected hearing loss. Evidence showing benefit for hearing-related function associated with hearing aids among adults with screen-detected or newly detected hearing loss is limited to studies enrolling veterans with a high prevalence of hearing loss.

Download or read book Late Life Depression written by Steven P. Roose and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-15 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in an aging world. Illnesses that are prevalent and cause significant morbidity and mortality in older people will consume an increasing share of health care resources. One such illness is depression. This illness has a particularly devastating impact in the elderly because it is often undiagnosed or inadequately treated. Depression not only has a profound impact on quality of life but it is associated with an increased risk of mortality from suicide and vascular disease. In fact for every medical illness studied, e.g. heart disease, diabetes, cancer, individuals who are depressed have a worse prognosis. Research has illuminated the physiological and behavioral effects of depression that accounts for these poor outcomes. The deleterious relationship between depression and other illnesses has changed the concept of late-life depression from a "psychiatric disorder" that is diagnosed and treated by a psychiatrist to a common and serious disorder that is the responsibility of all physicians who care for patients over the age of 60.This is the first volume devoted to the epidemiology, phenomenology, psychobiology, treatment and consequences of late-life depression. Although much has been written about depressive disorders, the focus has been primarily on the illness as experienced in younger adults. The effects of aging on the brain, the physiological and behavioral consequences of recurrent depression, and the impact of other diseases common in the elderly, make late-life depression a distinct entity. There is a compelling need for a separate research program, specialized treatments, and a book dedicated to this disorder. This book will be invaluable to psychiatrists, gerontologists, clinical psychologists, social workers, students, trainees, and others who care for individuals over the age of sixty.

Download or read book Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.

Download or read book Hearing Loss and Healthy Aging written by Tracy A. Lustig and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pages:1 to 25 -- Pages:26 to 50 -- Pages:51 to 75 -- Pages:76 to 100 -- Pages:101 to 125 -- Pages:126 to 129

Download or read book Hearing Health Care for Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-10-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The loss of hearing - be it gradual or acute, mild or severe, present since birth or acquired in older age - can have significant effects on one's communication abilities, quality of life, social participation, and health. Despite this, many people with hearing loss do not seek or receive hearing health care. The reasons are numerous, complex, and often interconnected. For some, hearing health care is not affordable. For others, the appropriate services are difficult to access, or individuals do not know how or where to access them. Others may not want to deal with the stigma that they and society may associate with needing hearing health care and obtaining that care. Still others do not recognize they need hearing health care, as hearing loss is an invisible health condition that often worsens gradually over time. In the United States, an estimated 30 million individuals (12.7 percent of Americans ages 12 years or older) have hearing loss. Globally, hearing loss has been identified as the fifth leading cause of years lived with disability. Successful hearing health care enables individuals with hearing loss to have the freedom to communicate in their environments in ways that are culturally appropriate and that preserve their dignity and function. Hearing Health Care for Adults focuses on improving the accessibility and affordability of hearing health care for adults of all ages. This study examines the hearing health care system, with a focus on non-surgical technologies and services, and offers recommendations for improving access to, the affordability of, and the quality of hearing health care for adults of all ages.

Download or read book The Rational Clinical Examination Evidence Based Clinical Diagnosis written by David L. Simel and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate guide to the evidence-based clinical encounter "This book is an excellent source of supported evidence that provides useful and clinically relevant information for the busy practitioner, student, resident, or educator who wants to hone skills of physical diagnosis. It provides a tool to improve patient care by using the history and physical examination items that have the most reliability and efficiency."--Annals of Internal Medicine "The evidence-based examination techniques put forth by Rational Clinical Examination is the sort that can be brought to bear on a daily basis – to save time, increase confidence in medical decisions, and help decrease unnecessary testing for conditions that do not require absolute diagnostic certainty. In the end, the whole of this book is greater than its parts and can serve as a worthy companion to a traditional manual of physical examination."--Baylor University Medical Center (BUMC)Proceedings 5 STAR DOODY'S REVIEW! "Physical diagnosis has been taught to every medical student but this evidence-based approach now shows us why, presenting one of medicine's most basic tenets in a new and challenging light. The format is extraordinary, taking previously published material and updating the pertinent evidence since the initial publication, affirming or questioning or refining the conclusions drawn from the data. "This is a book for everyone who has studied medicine and found themselves doubting what they have been taught over the years, not that they have been deluded, but that medical traditions have been unquestionably believed because there was no evidence to believe otherwise. The authors have uncovered the truth. "This extraordinary, one-of-a-kind book is a valuable addition to every medical library."--Doody's Review Service Completely updated with new literature analyses, here is a uniquely practical, clinically relevant approach to the use of evidence in the content of physical examination. Going far beyond the scope of traditional physical examination texts, this invaluable resource compiles and presents the evidence-based meanings of signs, symptoms, and results from physical examination maneuvers and other diagnostic studies. Page after page, you'll find a focus on actual clinical questions and presentations, making it an incomparably practical resource that you'll turn to again and again. Importantly, the high-yield content of The Rational Clinical Examination is significantly expanded and updated from the original JAMA articles, much of it published here for the first time. It all adds up to a definitive, ready-to-use clinical exam sourcebook that no student or clinician should be without. FEATURES Packed with updated, new, and previously unpublished information from the original JAMA articles Standardized template for every issue covered, including: Case Presentation; Why the Issue Is Clinically Important; Research and Statistical Methods Used to Find the Evidence Presented; The Sensitivity and Specificity of Each Key Result; Resolution of the Case Presentation; and the Clinical Bottom Line Completely updated with all-new literature searches and appraisals supplementing each chapter Full-color format with dynamic clinical illustrations and images Real-world focus on a specific clinical question in each chapter, reflecting the way clinicians approach the practice of evidence-based medicine More than 50 complete chapters on common and challenging clinical questions and patient presentations Also available: JAMAevidence.com, a new interactive database for the best practice of evidence based medicine

Download or read book Geriatric Gastroenterology written by C. S. Pitchumoni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As aging trends in the United States and Europe in particular are strongly suggestive of increasingly older society, it would be prudent for health care providers to better prepare for such changes. By including physiology, disease, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology, radiology and other relevant associated topics, Geriatric Gastroenterology fills the void in the literature for a volume devoted specifically to gastrointestinal illness in the elderly. This unique volume includes provision of training for current and future generations of physicians to deal with the health problems of older adults. It will also serve as a comprehensive guide to practicing physicians for ease of reference. Relevant to the geriatric age group, the volume covers epidemiology, physiology of aging, gastrointestinal physiology, pharmacology, radiology, pathology, motility disorders, luminal disorders, hepato-biliary disease, systemic manifestations, neoplastic disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, cancer and medication related interactions and adverse events, all extremely common in older adults; these are often hard to evaluate and judge, especially considering the complex aging physiology. All have become important components of modern medicine. Special emphasis is be given to nutrition and related disorders. Capsule endoscopy and its utility in the geriatric population is also covered. Presented in simple, easy to read style, the volume includes numerous tables, figures and key points enabling ease of understanding. Chapters on imaging and pathology are profusely illustrated. All chapters are written by specialists and include up to date scientific information. Geriatric Gastroenterology is of great utility to residents in internal medicine, fellows in gastroenterology and geriatric medicine as well as gastroenterologists, geriatricians and practicing physicians including primary care physicians caring for older adults.

Download or read book Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science written by Stavros Hatzopoulos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-09 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With chapters from audiology professionals from around the world, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science presented in two volumes—provides an abundance of information on the latest technological and procedural advances in this ever-improving field. Volume 1 primarily focuses on revised clinical protocols and provides information on new research to help guide decisions and criteria regarding diagnosis, management, and treatment of hearing-related issues. Topics include new clinical applications such as auditory steady-state response, wideband acoustic immittance, otoacoustic emissions, frequency following response, noise exposure, genomics and hearing loss, and more. Volume 2: Otoprotection, Regeneration, and Telemedicine includes sections with material related to hearing devices, hearing in special populations, such as the children and the elderly, as well chapters on the fast-growing subfields of otoprotection and regeneration, including pharmacologic otoprotection, stem cells, and nanotechnology.

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine written by Jean-Pierre Michel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 1393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of the definitive international reference book on all aspects of the medical care of older persons will provide every physician involved in the care of older patients with a comprehensive resource on all the clinical problems they are likely to encounter, as well as on related psychological, philosophical, and social issues.

Download or read book Handbook of Life Course Health Development written by Neal Halfon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-20 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. ​This handbook synthesizes and analyzes the growing knowledge base on life course health development (LCHD) from the prenatal period through emerging adulthood, with implications for clinical practice and public health. It presents LCHD as an innovative field with a sound theoretical framework for understanding wellness and disease from a lifespan perspective, replacing previous medical, biopsychosocial, and early genomic models of health. Interdisciplinary chapters discuss major health concerns (diabetes, obesity), important less-studied conditions (hearing, kidney health), and large-scale issues (nutrition, adversity) from a lifespan viewpoint. In addition, chapters address methodological approaches and challenges by analyzing existing measures, studies, and surveys. The book concludes with the editors’ research agenda that proposes priorities for future LCHD research and its application to health care practice and health policy. Topics featured in the Handbook include: The prenatal period and its effect on child obesity and metabolic outcomes. Pregnancy complications and their effect on women’s cardiovascular health. A multi-level approach for obesity prevention in children. Application of the LCHD framework to autism spectrum disorder. Socioeconomic disadvantage and its influence on health development across the lifespan. The importance of nutrition to optimal health development across the lifespan. The Handbook of Life Course Health Development is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology/science; maternal and child health; social work; health economics; educational policy and politics; and medical law as well as many interrelated subdisciplines in psychology, medicine, public health, mental health, education, social welfare, economics, sociology, and law.

Download or read book Ham s Primary Care Geriatrics written by Richard J. Ham and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Employing a unique case-based approach, Ham's Primary Care Geriatrics continues to be your comprehensive source of clinical solutions for this challenging population. This gerontology medical reference book features an interdisciplinary perspective that empowers you with team-oriented knowledge on the best diagnosis, treatment, and management strategies available to address the complex needs of older adults."Overall this is a useful, well written, practical elderly medicine book, ideal for use in primary care. It is reasonable priced and an excellent addition to the bookshelf, virtual or real".Reviewed by: Dr Harry Brown, July 2014 Effectively treat your geriatric patients, and provide helpful guidance to their families, through engaging geriatric case studies that illustrate the principles and key clinical information you need. Form a definitive diagnosis and create the best treatment plans possible using the evidence-based medicine guidelines throughout. Find the information you need quickly and efficiently with a 2-color layout and consistent format, and test your knowledge with USMLE-style questions in every chapter. Offer your geriatric patients the most up-to-date treatment options available with six new chapters addressing Principles of Primary Care of Older Adults, Interprofessional Team Care, Billing and Coding, Frailty, Pressure Ulcers, and Anemia. Access the complete geriatric text online anytime, anywhere at Expert Consult, along with an online Cognitive Status Assessment with four tests and patient teaching guides, a dermatology quiz, and informative videos on Gait and Balance and Dizziness.

Download or read book WHO Global Report on Falls Prevention in Older Age written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WHO Falls Prevention for Active Ageing model provides an action plan for making progress in reducing the prevalence of falls in the older adult population. By building on the three pillars of falls prevention, the model proposes specific strategies for: 1. Building awareness of the importance of falls prevention and treatment; 2. Improving the assessment of individual, environmental, and societal factors that increase the likelihood of falls; and 3. For facilitating the design and implementation of culturally appropriate, evidence-based interventions that will significantly reduce the number of falls among older persons. The model provides strategies and solutions that will require the engagement of multiple sectors of society. It is dependent on and consistent with the vision articulated in the WHO Active Ageing Policy Framework. Although not all of the awareness, assessment, and intervention strategies identified in the model apply equally well in all regions of the world, there are significant evidence-based strategies that can be effectively implemented in all regions and cultures. The degree to which progress will be made depends on to the success in integrating falls prevention strategies into the overall health and social care agendas globally. In order to do this effectively, it is necessary to identify and implement culturally appropriate, evidence-based policies and procedures. This requires multi-sectoral, collaborations, strong commitment to public and professional education, interaction based on evidence drawn from a variety of traditional, complementary, and alternative sources. Although the understanding of the evidence-base is growing, there is much that is not yet understood. Thus, there is an urgent need for continued research in all areas of falls prevention and treatment in order to better understand the scope of the problem worldwide. In particular, more evidence of the cost-effectiveness of interconnections is needed to develop strategies that are most likely to be effective in specific setting and population sub-groups.

Download or read book Noise and Military Service written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-01-20 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute of Medicine carried out a study mandated by Congress and sponsored by the Department of Veterans Affairs to provide an assessment of several issues related to noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus associated with service in the Armed Forces since World War II. The resulting book, Noise and Military Service: Implications for Hearing Loss and Tinnitus, presents findings on the presence of hazardous noise in military settings, levels of noise exposure necessary to cause hearing loss or tinnitus, risk factors for noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus, the timing of the effects of noise exposure on hearing, and the adequacy of military hearing conservation programs and audiometric testing. The book stresses the importance of conducting hearing tests (audiograms) at the beginning and end of military service for all military personnel and recommends several steps aimed at improving the military services' prevention of and surveillance for hearing loss and tinnitus. The book also identifies research needs, emphasizing topics specifically related to military service.

Download or read book Clinical Nursing Skills and Techniques written by Anne Griffin Perry, RN, EdD, FAAN and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 1219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Known for its clear, comprehensive coverage of over 200 evidence-based skills, Clinical Nursing Skills & Techniques is today's leading nursing skills reference. It features nearly 1,000 full-color photographs and drawings, a nursing process framework, step-by-step instructions with rationales, and a focus on critical thinking and evidence-based practice. This edition includes new coverage of patient-centered care and safety guidelines, an emphasis on QSEN core competencies, and links to valuable online resources. Written by the trusted author team of Anne Griffin Perry and Patricia A. Potter, and now joined by new author Wendy Ostendorf, this reference helps you perform nursing skills with confidence. Coverage of QSEN core competencies includes delegation and collaboration, guidelines for reporting and recording, and pediatric, geriatric, home care, and teaching considerations. Unique! Using Evidence in Nursing Practice chapter covers the entire process of conducting research, including collecting, evaluating, and applying evidence from published research. Comprehensive coverage includes 212 basic, intermediate, and advanced nursing skills. Clinical Decision Points within skills address key safety issues or possible skill modifications for specific patient needs. Icons indicate video clips related to skills and procedures in the book and related lessons in Nursing Skills Online. Rationales for each skill step explain why steps are performed in a specific way, including their clinical significance and benefit, and incorporate the latest research findings. The five-step nursing process provides a framework for the description of skills within overall client care. Unique! Unexpected outcomes and related interventions alert you to what might go wrong and how to appropriately intervene. Online checklists and video clips may be downloaded to mobile devices. NEW Patient-Centered Care sections address issues unique to people of specific cultural, ethnic, and demographic backgrounds - a QSEN core competency. NEW Safety Guidelines sections cover the global recommendations on the safe execution of skill sets - also a QSEN core competency. UPDATED Adverse Event Reporting (AER) procedural guideline covers the correct response to Serious Event Reporting within the healthcare facility. NEW! Safe Transfer to a Wheel Chair procedural guideline focuses on the safety aspect of this common maneuver. NEW! Communicating with the Cognitively Impaired Patient skill provides the understanding and protocol for dealing with patients who are unable to communicate in a typical manner. NEW! Assessing the Genitalia and Rectum skill includes complete information and rationales. NEW! Caring for Patients with Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms (MDRO) and C. difficili skill covers this growing challenge to patient welfare and to healthcare providers.

Download or read book Clinical Nursing Skills and Techniques E Book written by Anne G. Perry and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 1363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn clinical nursing skills and prepare for success on the Next Generation NCLEX® Examination! Clinical Nursing Skills & Techniques, 10th Edition provides clear, step-by-step guidelines to more than 200 basic, intermediate, and advanced skills. With more than 1,200 full-color illustrations, a nursing process framework, and a focus on evidence-based practice, this manual helps you learn to think critically, ask the right questions at the right time, and make timely decisions. New to this edition are NGN-style unfolding case studies, preparing you for the changes to the NCLEX exam. Written by respected nursing experts Anne Griffin Perry, Patricia A. Potter, Wendy Ostendorf, and Nancy Laplante, this trusted text is the bestselling nursing skills book on the market! Comprehensive coverage includes more than 200 basic, intermediate, and advanced nursing skills and procedures. NEW! Next Generation NCLEX® (NGN)-style unfolding case studies include answers at the back of the book, providing optimal preparation for the Next Generation NCLEX Examination. Rationales for each step within skills explain the why as well as the how of each skill, and include citations from the current literature. Clinical Decision Points alert you to key steps that affect patient outcomes and help them modify care as needed to meet individual patient needs. Unique! Unexpected Outcomes and Related Interventions sections highlight what might go wrong and how to appropriately intervene. Clinical Debrief at the end of each chapter provides case-based review questions that focus on issues such as managing conflict, care prioritization, patient safety, and decision-making. More than 1,200 full-color photos and drawings make it easier to visualize concepts and procedures. Five–step nursing process format helps you apply the nursing process while learning each skill. Coverage of QSEN core competencies is incorporated into each lesson, including the areas of delegation and collaboration, reporting and recording, safety guidelines, and considerations relating to teaching, pediatric, geriatric, and home care. Unique! Using Evidence in Nursing Practice chapter covers the entire process of conducting research, including collecting, evaluating, and applying evidence from published research. F NEW! Next Generation NCLEX® (NGN)-style unfolding case studies include answers at the back of the book, providing optimal preparation for the Next Generation NCLEX Examination.