Download or read book Screening and Breeding for Cold Tolerance in Maize Zea Mays L written by Robert S. Zemetra and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Screening for Low Temperature Stress Tolerance in Maize written by Shelly Nicole Shurney and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize (Zea mays L.), is considered by many to be one of the most meaningful crops grown in the USA and in many countries around the world. Despite its sub-tropical origins, maize endures many unfavorable conditions effecting growth and development. With a wide genetic background, many desirable cold tolerant traits in maize have been identified, but there are still many more to be discovered. The method of identifying these various mechanisms and traits of cold tolerance is the purpose of my study. Three maize inbred (A619, B73, CO255) lines that all have illustrated various genetic differences were used to determine: electrical conductivity, percent potassium leakage as a result of membrane permeability and dry weight accumulation. Seedlings were grown at 22/24°C until the 4th leaf stage at which time they were transferred to the experimental treatment regime of 8/6°C for 48 hours and 9 hours. After stress treatments regime plants were returned to the control temperature of 22/24°C to recovery until the 5th leaf stage. There were significant differences found among all growth parameters tested. Inbred line B73 was found to have the highest percentage of electrical conductivity when tested at 48 hours of 8/6°C. B73 was also recorded to have the highest amount of potassium leached as a result of treatment regime. When comparing the amount of dry weight accumulation CO255 was the largest of the three inbred lines tested. But when dry weight was compared before and after treatment B73 had the largest amount of growth after recovery from the treatment regime. This suggests that though CO255 was the largest of all the inbred lines tested, B73 had a greater amount of dry weight accumulation after or during recovery. The evaluation of these inbred lines did not allow a definite evaluation of the whole genetic background of the experimental lines tested, but chilling did induce the seedlings to respond in such a way that desirable characteristics could be identified.
Download or read book Studies on the Genetics and Breeding of Maize Zea Mays L for Cold Tolerance and Early Maturity written by Obaid Tahir Hassan and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inheritance of Cold Tolerance in Maize Zea Mays L written by Melvin Vern Splitter and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drought Stress in Maize Zea mays L written by Muhammad Aslam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-20 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on early germination, one of maize germplasm most important strategies for adapting to drought-induced stress. Some genotypes have the ability to adapt by either reducing water losses or by increasing water uptake. Drought tolerance is also an adaptive strategy that enables crop plants to maintain their normal physiological processes and deliver higher economical yield despite drought stress. Several processes are involved in conferring drought tolerance in maize: the accumulation of osmolytes or antioxidants, plant growth regulators, stress proteins and water channel proteins, transcription factors and signal transduction pathways. Drought is one of the most detrimental forms of abiotic stress around the world and seriously limits the productivity of agricultural crops. Maize, one of the leading cereal crops in the world, is sensitive to drought stress. Maize harvests are affected by drought stress at different growth stages in different regions. Numerous events in the life of maize crops can be affected by drought stress: germination potential, seedling growth, seedling stand establishment, overall growth and development, pollen and silk development, anthesis silking interval, pollination, and embryo, endosperm and kernel development. Though every maize genotype has the ability to avoid or withstand drought stress, there is a concrete need to improve the level of adaptability to drought stress to address the global issue of food security. The most common biological strategies for improving drought stress resistance include screening available maize germplasm for drought tolerance, conventional breeding strategies, and marker-assisted and genomic-assisted breeding and development of transgenic maize. As a comprehensive understanding of the effects of drought stress, adaptive strategies and potential breeding tools is the prerequisite for any sound breeding plan, this brief addresses these aspects.
Download or read book Genetic Variability for Cold Tolerance in a Maize Zea Mays L Population written by Robin K. Duffy Cowen and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laboratory and in Vitro Studies on Screening for Peg Induced Drought Tolerance in Maize Zea Mays L Genotypes written by K. Anupama and published by . This book was released on with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Breeding For Stress Environments written by Abraham Blum and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication opens with the inevitable introduction, moves on to the present traditional approach to breeding for yield stability, and then enumerates a detailed discussion of the physiological approach to breeding for resistance to specific stresses. Not all environmental stresses are covered, omitting those for which little can be said today on practical breeding solutions.
Download or read book Breeding for Drought and Nitrogen Stress Tolerance in Maize written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Variation for Chilling Stress and Spectral Reflectance in Short Season Maize written by Wisam Obeidat and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing early season cold tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.) has the potential to lengthen its growing season and enhance yields. We evaluated cold tolerance across 44 inbred and 102 hybrid genotypes in field and controlled environment experiments. Cold tolerance was quantified as the proportion of dry weight (PDW) of plants subjected to cold temperatures or planted early, relative to dry weight of plants grown in control temperatures or planted late. Also, leaf reflectance spectroscopy was used as an alternate indicator of cold stress response. In field experiments, significant effects of genotype, planting date, environment and their interactions were detected for PDW; the mean dry weight per plant for the early planting was considerably lower than for the late planting in five field environments. Cold stress exposure resulted in higher leaf reflectance in the 500 ̶ 680 nm region and lower reflectance between 758 ̶ 1000 nm. We identified novel reflectance predictors, both normalized difference indices and specific wavelengths of first derivative reflectance spectra, that correlated with PDW. In some cases the strongest correlations were found when reflectance data came from unstressed plants. Multiple regression models combining first derivative reflectance at multiple wavelengths, measured on plants not exposed to cold stress, provided the best correlation with PDW; however in general these models were unique to an experiment. Genetic control and heritability of plant dry weight and leaf spectral reflectance under control and early planting conditions was investigated in the field using a North Carolina Design II mating experiment. Consistent general combining ability estimates from early and late planting indicated that additive and dominant gene effects explained hybrid biomass variation across both planting dates. A number of spectral traits were heritable, but parental contributions to hybrid values were moderate. In conclusion, we find that parents explain at most moderate levels of hybrid spectral reflectance variation, across all spectral analysis tools. Thus, selection of traits such as hybrid biomass using spectral reflectance will be inefficient. Nonetheless, we find spectral reflectances stably distinguish maize genotypes within a population irrespective of temperature treatments, so selecting inbred lines using spectral reflectance may advance breeding efforts.
Download or read book International testing Evaluating and distributing maize germplasm products written by and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1993 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Chilling Temperatures Affecting Respiration and Net Photosynthetic Rates in Selected Inbred Maize Zea Mays L Genotypes written by Jon Anthony Musgrave and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chilling air and soil temperatures greatly impact the germination ability of early planted crop species. Breeding maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds to be more tolerant of chilling conditions may improve seedling growth in stressful northern latitude seedbeds, decrease exposure to water stress, maximize available photon flux density (PFD), and create higher potential yields. An emphasis on cold-tolerance by maize breeders may have resulted in a substantial shift downward in the baseline temperature for maize germination and plant development. The focus of this research was to examine the respiration and net photosynthetic responses of eight inbred maize genotypes representing a range in field vigor while grown at or subjected to 6°, 8°, 10°, 12°, and 25°C.
Download or read book Genomic Designing of Climate Smart Cereal Crops written by Chittaranjan Kole and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-28 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights modern methods and strategies to improve cereal crops in the era of climate change, presenting the latest advances in plant molecular mapping and genome sequencing. Spectacular achievements in the fields of molecular breeding, transgenics and genomics in the last three decades have facilitated revolutionary changes in cereal- crop-improvement strategies and techniques. Since the genome sequencing of rice in 2002, the genomes of over eight cereal crops have been sequenced and more are to follow. This has made it possible to decipher the exact nucleotide sequence and chromosomal positions of agroeconomic genes. Most importantly, comparative genomics and genotyping-by-sequencing have opened up new vistas for exploring available biodiversity, particularly of wild crop relatives, for identifying useful donor genes.
Download or read book On the Relationship Between Plant to plant Variability and Stress Tolerance in Maize Zea Mays L Hybrids from Different Breeding Eras written by Jiangang Wu and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Maize Germplasm written by Mohamed A. El-Esawi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-05-09 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize is an important staple food crop worldwide. It is the third most important cereal crop after wheat and rice and is economically used for both livestock feeds and human consumption. The latest maize research has opened up new opportunities for crop improvement. This book brings together recent work and advances that have recently been made in the dynamic fields of genetic characterization, molecular breeding, genetic engineering technologies, and mapping of agronomic traits of global maize germplasm. It also provides new insights into and sheds new light regarding the current research trends and future research directions in maize. This book will provoke interest in many readers, researchers, and scientists, who can find this information useful for the advancement of their research works toward maize improvement.
Download or read book On the Relationship Between Plant to plant Variability and Stress Tolerance in Maize Zea Mays L Hybrids from Different Breeding Eras written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Maize Its Biology written by Jeff L. Bennetzen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-25 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Maize: Its Biology centers on the past, present and future of maize as a model for plant science research and crop improvement. The book includes brief, focused chapters from the foremost maize experts and features a succinct collection of informative images representing the maize germplasm collection.
