Download or read book Scientific Method and Human Values with Particular Reference to Economics written by Peter Richard LeBreton and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Science Principles in the Light of Scientific Method written by Joseph Mayer and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modern Science and Human Values written by Everett Wesley Hall and published by Princeton, N.J., D. Van Nostrand Company. This book was released on 1956 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Science Research written by Anol Bhattacherjee and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages.
Download or read book Modern Science and Human Values written by William W. Lowrance and published by New York : Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thought-provoking discussion of the various ways in which science, technology, and medicine influence social philosophies and choices. Social attitudes, values, and ethics are analysed for their roles in decision- and policy-making. Citing case studies -- the continuing debate surrounding sociobiology, the role of peer review in formulating recombinant DNA research policy, societal guidance of medical experimentation, and the application of risk assessment to nuclear reactor safety -- Lowrance argues that society will be better served by a technical stewardship that extends beyond narrowly defined concepts of responsibility. This book will be of great interest to a wide range of medical researchers, scientists, ethicists, and lay readers.
Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.
Download or read book Handbook of Economics and Ethics written by Jan Peil and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume pulls together a remarkable collection of contributors designed to challenge the positive-normative dichotomy in economic methodology. . . The intent of this publication is to provide a reference manual for those seeking insights into the connections between economics and ethics. It succeeds in that goal and should become a starting point for anyone who believes that mainstream economics needs methodological reorientation. . . Anyone interested in ethics and economic methodology would do well to have this reference book handy. Highly recommended. J. Halteman, Choice This new Handbook of Economics and Ethics makes a substantial contribution as a wide-ranging up-to-date reference work, including original developments, on these two fundamentally interconnected fields. This contribution is particularly timely, given the increasing attention being paid to economics as a moral science. The Handbook contains seventy-five expert entries on subjects ranging from the history of economics and philosophy to conceptual analysis of ethics in various aspects of modern economics, while representing a diversity of views. Sheila Dow, University of Stirling, UK The Handbook of Economics and Ethics portrays an understanding of economic methodology in which facts and values, though distinct, are closely interconnected in a variety of ways. From theory building to data collection, and from modelling to policy evaluation, this encyclopaedic Handbook is at the intersection of economics and ethics. Irene van Staveren and Jan Peil bring together 75 unique and original papers to provide up-to-date insights on topics such as markets, globalization, human development, rationality, efficiency, and corporate social responsibility. The book presents contributions from an array of international scholars using methodological and theoretical approaches, and convincingly demonstrates the death of the positive/normative dichotomy that so long held economics in its grip. This invaluable resource will strongly appeal to students of economics and economic methodology, philosophy of science and ethics. It will also be of great benefit to academics and policy-makers involved in economic policies and ethics.
Download or read book Scientific Method written by John Staddon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how science works, fails to work, or pretends to work, by looking at examples from such diverse fields as physics, biomedicine, psychology, and economics. Social science affects our lives every day through the predictions of experts and the rules and regulations they devise. Sciences like economics, sociology and health are subject to more ‘operating limitations’ than classical fields like physics or chemistry or biology. Yet, their methods and results must also be judged according to the same scientific standards. Every literate citizen should understand these standards and be able to tell the difference between good science and bad. Scientific Method enables readers to develop a critical, informed view of scientific practice by discussing concrete examples of how real scientists have approached the problems of their fields. It is ideal for students and professionals trying to make sense of the role of science in society, and of the meaning, value, and limitations of scientific methodology in the social sciences.
Download or read book How Human Need to Consider written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-12-24 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why scientists need to know ethics. To answer this question, you need to attempt to answer these questions before you find the reason to answer this main question, such as below: What is it to live a morally scientific research life?Why is scientific morality important to carrying on researching?Are moral principles valid only as scientists depend on their countries' cultural approval or are there universal moral truths?How should scientists live in moral life?Are there intrinsic values?Which is the best moral scientific theory when who are carrying on researching?Can scientists derive moral values from facts?Is there a right answer to every scientific problem in life?Which is the relationship of religion to morality?Thus, I believe ethics in science is basic principles. In fact, science has a special role with respect to ethic, society demands high standards of scientists, it isn't always easy to determine the right thing to do, breaches of scientific ethics make headlines and ruin careers. Ethics have different categories. They include as below: ⦁Personal ethics: Morality .Professional ethics: Standards & expectation.Societal ethics: law.⦁What is ethical standards? Should do the right thing? Should I do the right thing? What is the right framework for making ethical decisions?As Gert., (1988) explained '' ethic is a system of public, general rules for guiding human conduct. Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word "ethics" is commonly used interchangeably with morality, and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual. Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals."vii. Why do scientists need to know whether their behaviour are be acceptable to morality ?I believe that science means the research is for truth, such as a quest for objective knowledge about nature; it is social institution means serving society's needs and improving people's lives as well as it made up of people with human needs and desire; and it is a profession, involving training, standards, a career, respect and privilege. Whether where is science done? Science is done at universities, in government, laboratories or government funding, in military laboratories or with military funding, industry laboratories or with industry funding. Scientists need to know different standards and goals apply to organizations under different circumstances. University goal is to advance knowledge to educate students to serve the public, government goal is to protect the nation's people and property to compete and cooperate with other nations to keep global security and to serve the companies or general industry, and increase opportunities in the global market. Hence, when any scientist works in different organization, then the organization will has different goal and the scientist will have the different goal and different scientific morality or ethic in different situation. Science include Astronomy, Biology, Botany, Computer science, Chemistry, Cosmology, Geography, Geology, Jurisprudence, Mathematics, Paleontology, Physics, Economics and others etc. different scientific researches. A scientist is a person engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge that describes and predicts the natural world. In a more restricted sense, a scientist may refer to an individual who uses the scientific method. The person may be an expert in one or more areas of science. Also scientists perform research toward a more comprehensive understanding of nature, including physical, mathematical and social realms.
Download or read book Do Human Values Explain Economic Behavior An Experimental Study written by Swee-Hoon Chuah and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contrast to current literature which mainly identifies relationships between particular economic behaviours and specific attitudes suggestive of those behaviours, we explore the potential of general human values for explaining economic behaviour. In particular, we investigate whether behaviours observed in binary-choice lotteries, time discounting, public good, ultimatum, dictator and trust game experiments can be explained by Schwartz's theory of universal human values. We find that the values have explanatory power in relation to strategic, but not parametric, behaviours. We discuss this finding in terms of the sociology of values and suggest that situations involving human interactions provide the most conducive context for the expression of values. We also find that different subsets of the values relate to different strategic behaviours, indicating that there is no redundancy in their explanatory power.
Download or read book Dictionary of Political Economy written by Robert Harry Inglis Palgrave and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Palgrave s Dictionary of Political Economy written by Robert Harry Inglis Palgrave and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific Research in Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-03-28 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers, historians, and philosophers of science have debated the nature of scientific research in education for more than 100 years. Recent enthusiasm for "evidence-based" policy and practice in educationâ€"now codified in the federal law that authorizes the bulk of elementary and secondary education programsâ€"have brought a new sense of urgency to understanding the ways in which the basic tenets of science manifest in the study of teaching, learning, and schooling. Scientific Research in Education describes the similarities and differences between scientific inquiry in education and scientific inquiry in other fields and disciplines and provides a number of examples to illustrate these ideas. Its main argument is that all scientific endeavors share a common set of principles, and that each fieldâ€"including education researchâ€"develops a specialization that accounts for the particulars of what is being studied. The book also provides suggestions for how the federal government can best support high-quality scientific research in education.
Download or read book Analysis of Dis agreement with particular reference to Law and Legal Theory written by S. Eng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-08-31 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to determine whether two participants in a discussion are in real dis/agreement, one must compare their propositions. Comparison presupposes yardsticks in common. Analysis of Dis/agreement thematises such yardsticks, in that it demonstrates the existence, content and factual significance of a relatively well-delimited set of proposition types and proposition patterns, with their accompanying tenability criteria and motivating interests. The book is a work in the field of legal theory by virtue of its demonstrating how lawyers' power of judgement is constituted in and through these yardsticks. The book is interdisciplinary by virtue of its demonstrating how the same yardsticks come into play more generally in argumentation formulated in everyday language, i.e. independently of law. And the book is a work in the field of philosophy by virtue of its demonstrating the existence and factual significance of language and argumentation actions with a certain independence in relation to the level of controversial fundamental philosophical positions.
Download or read book Values At The Core How Human Values Contribute To The Rise Of Nations written by Chin Hwee Tan and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-12-03 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A thought-provoking book, bringing readers outside their comfort zones. It challenges us to think beyond the typical macro and microeconomic …' [Read Full Review]A TanFT readers' best 2021 summer booksThroughout the history of mankind, the rise of societies, whether civilizations, nations, or communities, has been a story of human achievement. From the rise of the Akkadian empire in ancient Mesopotamia to the re-emergence of modern China, people constitute the basic denominator upon which societies build their success. The way people around the world think and behave is guided by a complex system of values. These values constitute key factors in the way economies are structured and their potential for further growth. To a large extent, they explain why Japan has gone through multiple lost decades; why Nordic countries accept the highest tax rates in the world, making their societies much more equal; why China has such a large trade surplus with the United States; or why some nations become stuck in a middle-income trap. It is these values, coupled with the right policies, that ultimately determine the destiny of nations.In this book, we explore how the combination of human values and policies affects national economic outcomes. We focus on certain key values conducive to growth: are people of a given nation, on average, hardworking, thrifty? Do they trust each other? Are they risk-takers? The harder people work, the higher the growth potential. Different savings patterns determine, to a large extent, whether a country will grow through investments and exports or consumption, and have generated large global imbalances over time. Trust goes a long way in explaining wealth and income inequalities and the role that governments can play in minimizing those inequalities. Economies with highly risk-averse citizens will stall. We also identify policies which have the greatest impact on economies. Political stability, much more so than any form of governance, is a precondition for growth. Free markets imply a process of creative destruction, free and fair competition, and a level playing field among companies. An educated workforce is a vital enabler of higher productivity and innovation. Corruption can seriously derail growth once it becomes endemic. Sound fiscal and monetary policies stabilize an economy as it goes through cycles and can greatly contribute to a more equal society and a more robust financial sector.
Download or read book Palgrave s Dictionary of Political Economy written by John Eatwell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 2467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Methods in Human Development written by Paul C. Cozby and published by WCB/McGraw-Hill. This book was released on 1989 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For undergradute social science majors. A textbook on the interpretation and use of research. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
