Download or read book Providing for the People written by Robert J. Bigart and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2020-08-13 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The years between 1875 and 1910 saw a revolution in the economy of the Flathead Reservation, home to the Salish and Kootenai Indians. In 1875 the tribes had supported themselves through hunting—especially buffalo—and gathering. Thirty-five years later, cattle herds and farming were the foundation of their economy. Providing for the People tells the story of this transformation. Author Robert J. Bigart describes how the Salish and Kootenai tribes overcame daunting odds to maintain their independence and integrity through this dramatic transition—how, relying on their own initiatives and labor, they managed to adjust and adapt to a new political and economic order. Major changes in the Flathead Reservation economy were accompanied by the growing power of the Flathead Indian Agent. Tribal members neither sought nor desired the new order of things, but as Bigart makes clear, they never stopped fighting to maintain their economic independence and self-support. The tribes did not receive general rations and did not allow the government to take control of their food supply. Instead, most government aid was bartered in exchange for products used in running the agency. Providing for the People presents a deeply researched, finely detailed account of the economic and diplomatic strategies that distinguished the Flathead Reservation Indians at a time of overwhelming and complex challenges to Native American tribes and traditions.

Download or read book Coyote Stories of the Montana Salish Indians written by and published by Farcountry Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of three traditional Salish Indian coyote stories written and illustrated by tribal members from the Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana.

Download or read book Peace Weavers written by Candace Wellman and published by Washington State University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the mid-1800s, outsiders, including many Euro-Americans, arrived in what is now northwest Washington. As they interacted with Samish, Lummi, S’Klallam, Sto:lo, and other groups, some of the men sought relationships with young local women. Hoping to establish mutually beneficial ties, Coast and Interior Salish families arranged strategic cross-cultural marriages. Some pairs became lifelong partners while other unions were short. These were crucial alliances that played a critical role in regional settlement and spared Puget Sound’s upper corner from the tragic conflicts other regions experienced. Accounts of the men, who often held public positions--army officer, Territorial Supreme Court justice, school superintendent, sheriff--exist in a variety of records. Some, like the nephew of Confederate President Jefferson Davis, were from prominent eastern families. Yet across the West, the contributions of their native wives remain unacknowledged. The women’s lives were marked by hardships and heartbreaks common for the time, but the four profiled--Caroline Davis Kavanaugh, Mary Fitzhugh Lear Phillips, Clara Tennant Selhameten, and Nellie Carr Lane--exhibited exceptional endurance, strength, and adaptability. Far from helpless victims, they influenced their husbands and controlled their homes. Remembered as loving mothers and good neighbors, they ran farms, nursed and supported family, served as midwives, and operated businesses. They visited relatives and attended ancestral gatherings, often with their children. Each woman’s story is uniquely hers, but together they and other intermarried women helped found Puget Sound communities and left lasting legacies. They were peace weavers. Author Candace Wellman hopes to shatter stereotypes surrounding these relationships. Numerous collaborators across the United States and Canada--descendants, local historians, academics, and more--graciously participated in her seventeen-year effort.

Download or read book The Salish People and the Lewis and Clark Expedition written by Salish-Pend D'Oreille Culture Committee and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2008-07-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On September 4, 1805, in the upper Bitterroot Valley of what is now western Montana, more than four hundred Salish people were encamped, pasturing horses, preparing for the fall bison hunt, and harvesting chokecherries as they had done for countless generations. As the Lewis and Clark Expedition ventured into the territory of a sovereign Native nation, the Salish met the strangers with hospitality and vital provisions while receiving comparatively little in return. ø For the first time, a Native American community offers an in-depth examination of the events and historical significance of its encounter with the Lewis and Clark Expedition. The Salish People and the Lewis and Clark Expedition is a startling departure from previous accounts of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Rather than looking at Indian people within the context of the expedition, it examines the expedition within the context of tribal history. The arrival of non-Indians is therefore framed not as the beginning of the history of Montana or the West but as only a recent chapter in a far longer Native history. The result is a new understanding of the expedition and its place in the wider context of the history of Indian-white relations. ø Based on three decades of research and oral histories, this book presents tribal elders recounting the Salish encounter with Lewis and Clark. Richly illustrated, The Salish People and the Lewis and Clark Expedition not only sheds new light on the meaning of the expedition but also illuminates the people who greeted Lewis and Clark and, despite much of what followed, thrive in their homeland today.

Download or read book The Coast Salish Peoples written by Frank W. Porter and published by Chelsea House. This book was released on 1989 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the culture, history, and changing fortunes of the Coast Salish Indians of the Northwest.

Download or read book Bitterroot written by Susan Devan Harness and published by University of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2020-03-01 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2019 High Plains Book Award Winner for the Creative Nonfiction and Indigenous Writer categories In Bitterroot Susan Devan Harness traces her journey to understand the complexities and struggles of being an American Indian child adopted by a white couple and living in the rural American West. When Harness was fifteen years old, she questioned her adoptive father about her “real” parents. He replied that they had died in a car accident not long after she was born—except they hadn’t, as Harness would learn in a conversation with a social worker a few years later. Harness’s search for answers revolved around her need to ascertain why she was the target of racist remarks and why she seemed always to be on the outside looking in. New questions followed her through college and into her twenties when she started her own family. Meeting her biological family in her early thirties generated even more questions. In her forties Harness decided to get serious about finding answers when, conducting oral histories, she talked with other transracial adoptees. In her fifties she realized that the concept of “home” she had attributed to the reservation existed only in her imagination. Making sense of her family, the American Indian history of assimilation, and the very real—but culturally constructed—concept of race helped Harness answer the often puzzling questions of stereotypes, a sense of nonbelonging, the meaning of family, and the importance of forgiveness and self-acceptance. In the process Bitterrootalso provides a deep and rich context in which to experience life.

Download or read book In the Name of the Salish Kootenai Nation written by Robert Bigart and published by Pablo, Mont. : Salish Kootenai College Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On July 16, 1855, eighteen leaders of the Flathead, Kootenai, and Upper Pend d'Oreilles Indians signed an agreement with the United States government, ceding their title to almost all the land in western Montana and establishing the Flathead Indian Reservation. Born of confusion and disagreement, the Hell Gate Treaty is the legal basis for the modern relationship between the tribes and the federal government. In the Name of the Salish & Kootenai Nation reproduces the complete text of the Hell Gate Treaty and collects previously published documents relating to the treaty, among them the official proceedings of the treaty council, Gustavus Sohon's portraits of many of the treaty signers, and letters from the Jesuit priest, Adrian Hoecken, who was present at the treaty deliberations. These documents are presented in the hope that they will inspire further questions and research.

Download or read book Getting Good Crops written by Robert J. Bigart and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1870, the Bitterroot Salish Indians—called “Flatheads” by the first white explorers to encounter them—were a small tribe living on the western slope of the Northern Rocky Mountains in Montana Territory. Pressures on the Salish were intensifying during this time, from droughts and dwindling resources to aggressive neighboring tribes and Anglo-American expansion. In 1891, the economically impoverished Salish accepted government promises of assistance and retreated to the Flathead Reservation, more than sixty miles from their homeland. In Getting Good Crops, Robert J. Bigart examines the full range of available sources to explain how the Salish survived into the twentieth century, despite their small numbers, their military disadvantages, and the aggressive invasion of white settlers who greedily devoured their land and its natural resources. Bigart argues that a key to the survival of the Salish, from the early nineteenth century onward, was their diplomatic agility and willingness to form strategic alliances and friendships with non-Salish peoples. In doing so, the Salish navigated their way through multiple crises, relying more on their wits than on force. The Salish also took steps to sustain themselves economically. Although hunting and gathering had been their mainstay for centuries, the Salish began farming — “getting good crops” — to feed themselves because buffalo were becoming increasingly scarce. Raised on the Flathead Reservation himself, the author is seeking to convey the Salish story from their perspective, despite the paucity of written Salish testimony. What emerges is a picture — both inspiring and heartbreaking— of a people maintaining autonomy against all odds.

Download or read book Over a Century of Moving to the Drum written by Johnny Arlee and published by Montana Historical Society. This book was released on 1998 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over a hundred years, the Arlee Fourth of July Celebration, or Powwow, on the Flathead Indian Reservation has brought people together to honor the traditions of the Salish. Over a Century of Moving to the Drum: Salish Indian Celebrations on the Flathead Indian Reservation, by Salish teacher and spiritual advisor Johnny Arlee, offers a tribute to this longstanding event. Lavishly illustrated with pen and ink sketches of powwow scenes and photographs of powwows in the 1940s, the main narrative is based on interviews Arlee conducted with Salish elders in the 1970s. Excerpts of the interviews--and interviews with modern powwow participants--round out the volume.

Download or read book Passing it on written by and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Flathead Indian Reservation in western Montana is home to the Salish, Pend d?Oreille, and Kootenai Indian people. Between 2005 and 2006 author Maggie Plummer listened to a cross-section of voices representing the tribes on the reservation and published profiles in the tribal newspaper, the Char-Koosta News. This book collects these interviews and preserves a slice of the recent history of the Flathead Reservation community.

Download or read book Rights Remembered written by Pauline Hillaire and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rights Remembered is a remarkable historical narrative and autobiography written by esteemed Lummi elder and culture bearer Pauline R. Hillaire, Scälla-Of the Killer Whale. A direct descendant of the immediate postcontact generation of Coast Salish in Washington State, Hillaire combines in her narrative life experiences, Lummi oral traditions preserved and passed on to her, and the written record of relationships between the United States and the indigenous peoples of the Northwest Coast to tell the story of settlers, government officials, treaties, reservations, and the colonial relationship between Coast Salish and the white newcomers. Hillaire's autobiography, although written out of frustration with the status of Native peoples in America, is not an expression of anger but rather represents, in her own words, her hope "for greater justice for Indian people in America, and for reconciliation between Indian and non-Indian Americans, based on recognition of the truths of history." Addressed to indigenous and non-Native peoples alike, this is a thoughtful call for understanding and mutual respect between cultures.

Download or read book Coast Salish Essays written by Wayne P. Suttles and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnography and culture of the Coast Salish Indians.

Download or read book Coast Salish Their Art Culture and Legends written by Reg Ashwell and published by Saanichton, B.C. : Hancock House. This book was released on 1978 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the origins and culture of the Coast Salish Indians.

Download or read book Taking Care of Our Mother Earth written by Celestine Aleck and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Us Indians Don t Want Our Reservation Opened written by Robert Bigart and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The written records of Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and Kootenai Indian history on the Flathead Indian Reservation in western Montana between 1907 and 1911 were dominated by the continued complaints against allotting and opening the reservation. A long string of letters and a series of delegations to Washington, D.C., left no doubt that the Indian leaders and tribal members opposed the opening. Tribal members recognized that the allotment policy was driven by the greed of white men and the desire of whites to get tribal assets at bargain prices. The tribes were being robbed and were no willing to be quiet about it. At the same time as the tribes were fighting against the theft of their lands, they had to deal with Montana state efforts to control tribal hunting rights on and off the reservation"--

Download or read book Lushootseed Texts written by Crisca Bierwert and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume introduces the oral literature of Native American peoples in Puget Salish?speaking areas of western Washington. Seven stories told by Lushootseed elders are transcribed and translated into English, accompanied by information on narrative design and cultural background. Upper Skagit elder and cotranslator Vi Hilbert, a 1994 recipient of the NEH National Heritage Fellowship in Folk Arts, includes a cultural welcome and offers childhood reminiscences of the storytellers. Cotranslator Thomas M. Hess, associate professor of linguistics at the University of Victoria, parses the beginning lines of a text to show the grammatical structures; he also includes his recollections of working with the storytellers in the 1960s as a graduate student. Editor and cotranslator Crisca Bierwert, assistant professor of anthropology at the University of Michigan, provides information on the processes of language translation and of rendering oral traditions into written form. Annotator T. C. S. Langen, who holds a Ph.D. in English literature and is a curriculum developer for the Tulalip tribe, provides analyses of Lushootseed poetics. The book includes information about purchasing audiotapes of the stories.

Download or read book Salish Indian Mental Health and Culture Change written by Wolfgang Jilek and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Jilek, a psychiatrist, tries to define the psychohygienic and therapeutic aspects of the Salish Guardian Spirit Ceremonial, and to evaluate the relative importance of these aspects in their culture yesterday and today.