Download or read book Salinity Effects in an Oceanic Mixed layer Model written by Richard Alan Paulus and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Salinity Effects in an Ocean Mixed Layer Model written by Richard Alan Paulus and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-dimensional mixed-layer model of ocean thermal structure (Camp, 1976) was first modified to determine the effects of a salinity profile on density structure and secondly to observe the added effects of surface salinity flux. The model was tested in August and November-December 1974 with (1) hydrocast data at Ocean Stations HOTEL and PAPA and (2) salinity profiles statistically derived from historical data for six ocean stations and adjusted to correspond to an observed BT. Inclusion of salinity structure did not significantly affect mixed-layer depth or temperature predictions during the summer period. During the winter period, salinity structure tended to inhibit deepening yielding a slightly warmer, shallower mixed layer. Surface salinity flux altered significantly the thickness of the isothermal layer, with decreases in thickness during precipitation (E-P0) and a tendency for increased thickness during some periods of net downward heat flux when E-P0. (Author).
Download or read book Effects of Precipitation on Ocean Mixed Layer Temperature and Salinity As Simulated in a 2 D Coupled Ocean Cloud Resolving Atmosphere Model written by Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) houses half a million publications that are a valuable means of information to researchers, teachers, students, and the general public. These documents are all aerospace related with much scientific and technical information created or funded by NASA. Some types of documents include conference papers, research reports, meeting papers, journal articles and more. This is one of those documents.
Download or read book Regional Oceanography written by Matthias Tomczak and published by Daya Books. This book was released on 2003 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to regional oceanography for students in all fields of marine sciences. The two core principles are the use of the most modern data base for all maps of the regional distribution of properties, and discussion of all observed features within a frame of reference developed from ocean dynamics, rather than based on the simple geographical approach. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book The Effect of Convection Upon the Mixed layer Depth written by Arthur C. Luskin and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of Salinity in Equatorial Mixed Layers written by Pegeen O'Neil Stougard and published by . This book was released on 1998-06-01 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to understand the role of surface salinity flux in changing heat exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere by means of its effect on mixed layer dynamics. This was accomplished by a series of thirty-day mixed layer experiments using the one-dimensional Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) mixed layer model. Results from the NPS mixed layer model, forced with both idealized and in situ data from the western equatorial Pacific Ocean, demonstrated that salinity can play a significant role in potentially changing the surface heat flux, with its effect on the mixed layer depth and mixed layer temperature. Precipitation stabilized the mixed layer by creating a barrier layer, which slowed entrainment. The net accumulation of rain was found to be an important source of buoyancy that reduces entrainment by subsequent wind mixing events.
Download or read book Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean written by Sydney Levitus and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Optics written by N.G. Jerlov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1976-01-01 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Optics
Download or read book The Temperature Salinity Relationship of the Mixed Layer written by R. Ferrari and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surface mixed layer of the ocean is often characterized by density compensation between the horizontal temperature and salinity gradients. In this contribution we present a combination of theoretical arguments and numerical simulations to investigate how compensation might emerge as a result of processes at work within the mixed layer. The dynamics of the mixed layer are investigated through a simple model. The model consists of a pair of coupled advection-diffusion equations for heat and salt. The coupling arises through a nonlinear diffusion operator proportional to the buoyancy gradient, which parameterizes the combined effect of slumping and mixing of small-scale horizontal buoyancy gradients. Numerical solutions of the mixed layer model show that the nonlinear diffusion creates compensation between the temperature and salinity gradients, while the stirring field maintains alignment between the two gradients. The results of this work suggest a new parameterization of the horizontal fluxes of heat and salt for numerical models of the mixed layer.
Download or read book The South Atlantic written by Gerold Wefer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents results of recent projects in oceanography and marine geosciences (e.g. WOCE, JGOFS, PAGES, ODP) regarding present and past circulation in the South Atlantic. The objective of the book is to integrate results from both oceanographic and geological studies. As the connecting link between the Antarctic and the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic plays a crucial role with regard to the heat budget of the North Atlantic and to the biogeochemical budget of the global ocean. New results from studies of meridional water mass and heat transports are presented. The central theme of geological investigations is the reconstruction of current and productivity systems in the South Atlantic during the late Quaternary.
Download or read book Observation Theory and Modeling of Atmospheric Variability written by Xun Zhu and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains tutorial and review articles as well as specific research letters that cover a wide range of topics: (1) dynamics of atmospheric variability from both basic theory and data analysis, (2) physical and mathematical problems in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction, (3) theories of atmospheric radiative transfer and their applications in satellite remote sensing, and (4) mathematical and statistical methods. The book can be used by undergraduates or graduate students majoring in atmospheric sciences, as an introduction to various research areas; and by researchers and educators, as a general review or quick reference in their fields of interest.
Download or read book Salinity Considerations in the Oceanic Surface Mixed Layer written by Janet Sprintall and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cloud Resolving Modeling of Convective Processes written by Xiaofan Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-17 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an updated and revised second edition of the book presenting new developments in the field of cloud-resolving modeling. The first edition of the book introduces the framework of cloud-resolving model, methodologies for analysis of modeling outputs, and validation of simulations with observations. It details important scientific findings in the aspects of surface rainfall processes, precipitation efficiency, dynamic and thermodynamic processes associated with tropical convection, diurnal variations, radiative and cloud microphysical processes associated with development of cloud clusters, air-sea coupling on convective scales, climate equilibrium states, and remote sensing applications. In additional to the content from the first edition of the book, the second edition of the book contains the new scientific results in the development of convective-stratiform rainfall separation scheme, the analysis of structures of precipitation systems, the thermal effects of doubled carbon dioxide on rainfall, precipitation predictability, and modeling depositional growth of ice crystal. The book will be beneficial both to graduate students and to researchers who do cloud, mesoscale and global modeling.
Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-03-27 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book represents all the knowledge we currently have on ocean circulation. It presents an up-to-date summary of the state of the science relating to the role of the oceans in the physical climate system.The book is structured to guide the reader through the wide range of World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) science in a consistent way. Cross-references between contributors have been added, and the book has a comprehensive index and unified reference list.The book is simple to read, at the undergraduate level. It was written by the best scientists in the world who have collaborated to carry out years of experiments to better understand ocean circulation.
Download or read book Discrete Precipitation Effects on Seasonal Mixed Layer Dynamics in the North Pacific Ocean written by Mendal S. Livezey and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was conducted to examine the effects of discrete precipitation events on the short-term and seasonal evolution of ocean mixed layer temperature and salinity structure. Two numerical modeling experiments were performed. The first was to simulate the response of the mixed layer to hypothetical discrete (isolated) precipitation events. This experiment showed that the effect of a single discrete rain event can vary with season, with the mixed layer depth (MLD) at onset of the rain event, and with the strength of wind stress forcing. A single rain event can have lasting effects on mixed layer depth and temperature for up to 55 days after the event, depending upon the season. The second experiment simulated quasi-realistic complex precipitation forcing, with a realistic distribution of synoptic events over a 13-month period. For this experiment, four different precipitation intensities were tested. The values of temperature, salinity, and MLD predicted by the model were compared with observed Conductivity Temperature Depth measurements and with the values predicted using constant precipitation forcing. Keywords: Military theses, Oceanography, Air-sea interaction, Mixed layer modeling. (kt).
Download or read book The Near Surface Layer of the Ocean written by Alexander Soloviev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-09 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rationale for publishing a second edition of this monograph is that this area of research continues to show remarkable advancement. The new generation of synthetic aperture radar satellites has provided unprecedented spatial resolution of sea surface features. In addition, satellites to measure sea surface salinity have been launched. Computational fluid dynamics models open new opportunities in understanding the processes in the near-surface layer of the ocean and their visibility from space. Passive acoustic methods for monitoring short surface waves have significantly progressed. Of importance for climate research, processes in the near-surface layer of the ocean contribute to errors in satellite estimates of sea surface temperature trends. Due to growing applications of near-surface science, it is anticipated that more students will be trained in this area of research. Therefore this second edition of the monograph is closer to a textbook format.
Download or read book Salinity Considerations in the Oceanic Mixed Layer written by Janet Sprintall and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
