Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Intersection Conflict Warning Systems written by U.s. Department of Transportation and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety evaluation of intersection conflict warning systems /

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Intersection Conflict Warning Systems ICWS written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Intersection Conflict Warning Systems ICWS written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Intersection Conflict Warning Systems written by Scott Himes and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rural Intersection Conflict Warning System Evaluation and Design Investigation written by Disi Tian and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rural Intersection Collision Warning System (i.e., RICWS) has been deployed across the state of Minnesota to provide real-time traffic information to motorists to assist them with identifying sufficient vehicle gaps at thru-STOP intersections. However, since its implementation, a number of complaints have been received from local road users in regard to the signs. To identify the human factors issues with the current RICWS sign and to propose safe and efficient alternatives to its use, multiple rounds of usability tests were conducted with Minnesota county engineers and local road users to assist iterative design modifications as well as evaluate the effectives of each sign’s ability to accurately convey information regarding each of its three states. Three alternative design options were developed and tested along with the original RICWS sign via a driving simulator. A total of 120 participants, including novice teenage drivers (16-18 years old), middle-aged drivers (35-50 years old) and older drivers (65-77 years old), were recruited and were then asked to drive through a sequence of rural thruSTOP controlled intersections, with and without the intervention. The objectives were to evaluate the safety effectiveness and efficiency of different RICWS sign options to promote safe gap acceptance at different types of rural intersections (i.e., varying levels of mainstream traffic volume and intersection visibility). The research findings revealed an overall safety benefit of the intervention; however, potential risks were also identified associated with its deployment. It was also observed that drivers’ perceptions did not all match their actual driving behaviors.

Download or read book Intersection Safety Technologies Guidebook written by Renae Kuehl and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Guidebook contains information that should be useful to engineers as they consider alternative solutions to traffic safety concerns at side-street STOP controlled intersections. It is the intent of this guide to provide the engineer information to aid in the consideration, selection and deployment of LED STOP signs and ICWS at these intersections. These safety strategies should be included for consideration along with other safety improvements detailed in the TEM and Traffic Safety Fundamentals Handbook such as improving visibility of the intersection with improved signing, pavement marking, and intersection lighting; improving sight distance by providing clear sight triangles on all approaches; selecting appropriate traffic control such as ALL WAY STOP; and reduce conflict points through geometric design such as turn lanes or bypass lanes. A shorter, quick reference version of this guidebook was developed as well and can be found at the link listed above.

Download or read book Intersection Conflict Warning System Human Factors written by Vaughan Inman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intersection conflict warning systems (ICWSs) are used to warn drivers on the through road of the presence of traffic at stop-controlled cross streets and to warn drivers at stop-controlled approaches of the presence of traffic on the through lanes. ICWSs have been shown to reduce crashes at rural two-way stop-controlled intersections; however, there is no standard wording for ICWS messages and no standard for the placement of these signs on the stop-controlled approaches. This study was performed to provide empirical evidence to support standardization of ICWS messaging and sign placement. Data were obtained from 189 licensed drivers in a 4-part laboratory study. In part 1, participants were shown video animations of approaches with ICWS signs, and comprehension of the signs was assessed. In part 2, participants indicated their level of agreement with 21 statements concerning various aspects of ICWS messages. These ratings were used to assess participants’ mental model of ICWS messaging. Three dimensions of this model were identified. From most influential to least influential, these dimensions were comprehension, safety, and affinity or likeability. In part 3, participants rated the wording of ICWS messaging alternatives. The preferred wording included the words “CROSS TRAFFIC.” On the major road, “CROSS TRAFFIC AHEAD” was preferred. For the stop-controlled minor road, “CROSS TRAFFIC” or “EXPECT CROSS TRAFFIC” options were preferred, depending on whether the “WHEN FLASHING” placard accompanied the sign. Part 4 explored how comprehension varied between when the ICWS beacons were active and inactive, when the “WHEN FLASHING” placard was present or absent, and whether blank-out signs improved comprehension over static signs. A worrisome 28 percent of participants agreed that inactive ICWS beacons meant that it was not necessary to watch for cross traffic. Blank-out signs did not improve comprehension, and blank-out signs were often misinterpreted when blank. The “WHEN FLASHING” placard did not greatly affect comprehension.

Download or read book Intersection Decision Support written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project entailed the design, development, testing, and evaluation of intersection decision support (IDS) systems to address straight crossing path (SCP) intersection crashes. This type of intersection crash is responsible for more than 100,000 crashes and thousands of fatalities each year. In developing these IDS systems for both signalized and stop-controlled intersections, a top-down systems approach was used that determined the necessary system functions and evaluated the capability of different technologies to perform those functions. Human factors tests were also conducted that evaluated the effectiveness of warning algorithms and infrastructure-based driver-infrastructure interfaces in eliciting a stopping response from drivers about to be involved in an SCP intersection crash. Results indicated that further technological development is needed for the sensing and intersection state IDS functions. Furthermore, infrastructure-based warning interfaces tested were greatly outperformed by previously-tested in-vehicle warnings. Thus, future research on IDS systems should focus on their infrastructure-cooperative configuration, where the system supports an in-vehicle warning.

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Intersections Using Traffic Conflicts written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Intersection Collision Warning Systems in Minnesota written by Shauna L. Hallmark and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) is investing significant resources in intersection collision warning systems (ICWS) based on early indications of effectiveness. However, the effectiveness is not well documented, and negative changes in driver behavior at treatment intersections may affect drivers overall, resulting in a spillover effect. Moreover, the effectiveness of ICWS may decrease if drivers do not perceive a change in the dynamic messages. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to (1) evaluate driver behavior at mainline and stop-controlled approaches for intersections with and without ICWS and (2) assess the traffic volume range and limits where the system is nearly continuously activated and is likely to lose its effectiveness. Video data were collected at five treatment and corresponding control intersections, and various metrics were used to compare changes in driver behavior. In general, no negative behaviors were noted for either treatment or control intersections.

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Right Turns Followed by U turns at Signalized Intersections 6 Or More Lane Arterials as an Alternative to Direct Left Turns written by Lu, Jian John Lu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Flashing Yellow Arrow at Signalized Intersections written by Raghavan Srinivasan and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the safety effect of the flashing yellow arrow (FYA) treatment at signalized intersections. The major objective of this strategy is to reduce the frequency of left-turn (LT) crashes, especially those that involve a collision between left turns and vehicles traveling straight through from the opposite direction. The project team conducted an empirical Bayes before-after analysis of installations in Nevada, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Oregon. The treatments were divided into seven categories depending on the phasing system in the before and after periods, number of roads where FYAs were implemented, and number of legs at each intersection. The first five categories involved permissive or protected-permissive phasing in the before period. Intersections in these five treatment categories experienced a reduction in the primary target crashes under consideration: LT crashes and left-turn-with-opposing-through (LTOT) crashes at the intersection level. The reduction ranged from 15 to 50 percent depending on the treatment category. Intersections in categories 6 and 7 had at least one protected LT phase in the before period, and after phasing had an FYA protected-permissive LT phase without time-of-day operation (category 6) and with time-of-day operation (category 7). Consistent with results from previous studies, these intersections experienced an increase in LT and LTOT crashes. The B/C ratios for categories 1-5 ranged from 56:1 to 144:1.

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Flashing Yellow Arrows at Signalized Intersections written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is a technical summary of the Federal Highway Administration report Safety Evaluation of Flashing Yellow Arrows at Signalized Intersections (FHWA-HRT-19-036). This study investigated the safety effectiveness of the flashing yellow arrow (FYA) treatment at signalized intersections. One objective of this strategy was to reduce the frequency of left-turn (LT) crashes, especially those that involve a collision between left turns and vehicles traveling straight through from the opposite direction (also called left-turn opposite through (LTOT) crashes). Many studies have explored the safety effectiveness of FYAs. However, most of them only used data from one State, and the studies that used data from multiple States had limited samples of intersections. It is clear that an evaluation with a large sample of sites from multiple States would provide useful information to practitioners on the effectiveness of this treatment under different circumstances.

Download or read book Highway rail Intersection GPS based In vehicle Warning Systems written by Steven M. Peck and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2008, there were 2,395 incidents at highway-rail intersections (level crossings) in the United States, resulting in 939 injuries and 287 fatalities. Crossing elimination, grade separation, and the implementation of traditional warning devices are not always economically feasible. The development of new intelligent transportation systems and the advancement of such technologies could potentially provide a solution to enhance safety at these intersections. / The concept of in-vehicle warning systems for level crossings is not new. Multiple systems have been developed and tested using proprietary equipment and technology in the 1990s as evidenced by the former Federal Highway Administration Joint Program Office (JPO). The Réeau Ferré France (French Rail Network) and the Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland) have independently initiated in-vehicle level crossing warning system development programs. The system architectures vary from previously U.S.-developed systems and use advanced and cost-effective technologies. At varying stages of development, the two in-vehicle warning system designs address many of the shortcomings of previous generation systems and show great promise at meeting the design goals of being a cost-effective, reliable warning system. They also have potential for additional capabilities and easy integration into other roadway vehicle intelligent transportation safety systems being developed in both the United States and internationally. The advancement of commercially available technology and equipment create the environment for the development and deployment of a viable global-positioning system-based in-vehicle warning system for highway-rail intersections.

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Multiple Strategies at Stop controlled Intersections written by Thanh Le (Highway engineer) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Development of Crash Modification Factors program studied the safety performance of various stop-controlled intersections for the Evaluation of Low-Cost Safety Improvements Pooled Fund Study. This study evaluated the safety effectiveness of multiple low-cost treatments at stop-controlled intersections. Improvements included basic signing and pavement markings. This strategy is intended to reduce the frequency and severity of crashes at stop-controlled intersections by alerting drivers to the presence and type of approaching intersection. Geometric, traffic, and crash data were obtained at three- and four-legged, two- and four-lane major road, and urban and rural stop-controlled intersections in South Carolina. To account for potential selection bias and regression to the mean, an empirical Bayesian before-after analysis was conducted, using reference groups of untreated intersections with similar characteristics to the treated sites. The analysis also controlled for changes in traffic volumes throughout time and time trends in crash counts unrelated to the treatments. The aggregate results indicate reductions for all crash types analyzed (i.e., total, fatal and injury, rear-end, right-angle, and nighttime). The reductions are statistically significant at the 95-percent confidence level for all crash types. For all crash types combined, the crash modification factors (CMFs) are 0.917 for all severities and 0.899 for fatal and injury crashes. The CMFs for rear-end, right-angle, and nighttime crashes are 0.933, 0.941, and 0.853, respectively. The benefit-cost ratio estimated with conservative cost and service life assumptions is 12.4 to 1 for total crashes at unsignalized intersections. The results suggest that the multiple low-cost treatments, even with conservative assumptions on cost, service life, and the value of a statistical life, can be cost effective.

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Multiple Strategies at Stop controlled Intersections written by Thanh Le and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technical summary of the FHA report FHWA-HRT-17-086 program that studied the safety performance of various stop-controlled intersections for the Evaluation of Low-Cost Safety Improvements Pooled Fund Study. This study evaluated the safety effectiveness of multiple low-cost treatments at stop-controlled intersections.

Download or read book Green Intelligent Transportation Systems written by Wuhong Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-15 with total page 883 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings collect selected papers from the 8th International Conference on Green Intelligent Transportation Systems and Safety held in Changchun on July 1-2, 2017. The selected works, which include state-of-the-art studies, are intended to promote the development of green mobility and intelligent transportation technology to achieve interconnectivity, resource sharing, flexibility and higher efficiency. They offer valuable insights for researchers and engineers in the fields of Transportation Technology and Traffic Engineering, Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Industrial and Systems Engineering, and Electrical Engineering.