Download or read book Safeguards Systems Analysis of Nuclear Fuel Cycles written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Office of Safeguards and Materials Management and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safeguards Systems Analysis of Nuclear Fuel Cycles written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Office of Safeguards and Materials Management and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safeguards Systems Analysis of Nuclear Fuel Cycles written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safeguards Systems Analysis written by R. Avenhaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adequate verification is the key issue not only in today's arms control, arms limitation, and disarmament regimes, but also in less spectacular areas like auditing in economics or control of environmental pollution. Statistical methodologies and system analytical approaches are the tools developed over the past decades for quantifying those components of adequate verification which are quantifiable, i. e. , numbers, inventories, mass transfers, etc. , together with their uncertainties. In his book Safeguards Systems Analy sis, Professor Rudolf Avenhaus condenses the experience and expertise he has gained over the past 20 years, when his work was mainly related to the development of the IAEA's system for safeguarding nuclear materials, to system analytical studies at IIASA in the field of future energy requirements and their risks, and to the application of statistical techniques to arms control. The result is a unified and up-to-date presentation and analysis of the quantitative aspects of safeguards systems, and the application of the more important findings to practical problems. International Nuclear Material Safeguards, by far the most advanced verification system in the field of arms limitation, is used as the main field of application for the game theoretical analysis, material accountancy theory, and the theory on verification of material accounting data developed in the first four chapters.
Download or read book Safeguarding the Atom written by David Fischer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safeguards play a key role in verifying the effectiveness of restraints on the spread of nuclear weapons. Originally published in 1985, this book is a study of the safeguards system of the International Atomic Energy Agency, an important element of the non-proliferation regime. It breaks new ground by focusing on the politics of safeguards, especially the political problems of the IAEA and of the day-to-day application of safeguards. It contains a critical appraisal and proposals for ways of improving existing procedures, and of adapting them to the political and technological changes of recent years. Safeguarding the Atom gives an analysis of the following questions: What are IAEA safeguards and how do they work? How effective are they? How can they be reinforced? What sanctions can be imposed in the event of non-compliance? IAEA safeguards represent the world's first and so far only attempt to verify an arms control agreement by systematic on-site inspection, and their applicability to other arms control measures is examined.
Download or read book Nuclear Proliferation and Safeguards written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improving the Assessment of the Proliferation Risk of Nuclear Fuel Cycles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-06-11 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The material that sustains the nuclear reactions that produce energy can also be used to make nuclear weapons-and therefore, the development of nuclear energy is one of multiple pathways to proliferation for a non-nuclear weapon state. There is a tension between the development of future nuclear fuel cycles and managing the risk of proliferation as the number of existing and future nuclear energy systems expands throughout the world. As the Department of Energy (DOE) and other parts of the government make decisions about future nuclear fuel cycles, DOE would like to improve proliferation assessments to better inform those decisions. Improving the Assessment of the Proliferation Risk of Nuclear Fuel Cycles considers how the current methods of quantification of proliferation risk are being used and implemented, how other approaches to risk assessment can contribute to improving the utility of assessments for policy and decision makers. The study also seeks to understand the extent to which technical analysis of proliferation risk could be improved for policy makers through research and development.
Download or read book Nuclear Safeguards an Updated Analysis of the Concept of Safeguards as a National and International Institution written by Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Safeguards and Satellite Imagery written by Bhupendra Jasani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-28 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the considerable advances made in the quality of sensors on board commercial observation satellites, information gained from them not only became widely available, but very useful for the verification of a number of arms control treaties including the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (the NPT). Satellites have begun to play an important role in the safeguards procedures under the NPT. For example, from satellites, nuclear facilities and activities such as the construction and shapes of buildings (including underground activities), plant expansion, and changes in operational status can be monitored. For an effective use of satellite imagery, it is important to determine identifiable signatures related to nuclear facilities that could be used in the interpretation and verification of activities. The book presents studies on visual and computer-based interpretation of remote sensing data for international safeguards purposes.
Download or read book Technical Aspects of Nuclear Nonproliferation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Production and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research and Development for Safeguards written by Guy M. Inman and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safeguarding a Domestic Mixed Oxide Industry Against a Hypothetical Subnational Threat written by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards. Division of Safeguards and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Methodology for Safeguards Evaluation and Its Application to Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication written by Mohammad Ali Azarfar and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focuses on the development of a methodology to evaluate safeguardability of various processes in the nuclear fuel cycle. National and international implementation of safeguards systems has been investigated. It was concluded that proliferation is purely a political question that, hopefully, can be prevented by international norms and diplomacy; it does not depend on technical differences between the different processes. On the other hand, the prevention of diversion does depend on technical barriers implemented in nuclear facilities. Therefore, different processes with different technical fixes might have varying degrees of resistivity against diversion. Safeguardability of a process can not be evaluated in absolute terms; rather it can be compared with and ranked against another process. In addition, processes by themselves can not be compared; only plants embodying processes can be compared. This is because processes are not safeguardable but plants incorporating them are. A methodology was developed which compares and ranks various processes in the nuclear fuel cycle. It estimates the weights of different safeguard characteristics of a nuclear facility and calculates a dimensionless number --safeguards index-- for each process under evaluation. By comparing these safeguards indices, one is able to rank processes against each other. As a case study, comparison of two fast reactor fuel fabrication processes, pelletization and spherepac, were selected. At present, no fast reactor fuel fabrication facility exists on a commercial scale. Hence, two fuel fabrication facilities, each incorporating one process, were designed, in enough detail to make the safeguards comparison possible. Safeguards indices were calculated for these two plants based on the information derived from their designs. The result revealed that the spherepac process is higher in rank relative to the pellet process; the spherepac process is simpler to safeguard relative to the pellet process. Derivation of some of the data used in calculation of safeguards indices was based partly upon subjective judgment. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the dependency of the result on subjective judgment. It was concluded that as long as the probability estimation and numerical value assignments remain in a reasonable range, the method is relatively insensitive to subjective judgment.
Download or read book Proliferation Risk in Nuclear Fuel Cycles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-06 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The worldwide expansion of nuclear energy has been accompanied by concerns about nuclear weapons proliferation. If sited in states that do not possess nuclear weapons technology, some civilian nuclear technologies could provide a route for states or other organizations to acquire nuclear weapons. Metrics for assessing the resistance of a nuclear technology to diversion for non-peaceful uses-proliferation resistance-have been developed, but at present there is no clear consensus on whether and how these metrics are useful to policy decision makers. In 2011, the U.S. Department of Energy asked the National Academies to convene a public workshop addressing the capability of current and potential methodologies for assessing host state proliferation risk and resistance to meet the needs of decision makers. Proliferation Risk in Nuclear Fuel Cycles is a summary of presentations and discussions that transpired at the workshop-held on August 1-2, 2011-prepared by a designated rapporteur following the workshop. It does not provide findings and recommendations or represent a consensus reached by the symposium participants or the workshop planning committee. However, several themes emerged through the workshop: nonproliferation and new technologies, separate policy and technical cultures, value of proliferation resistance analysis, usefulness of social science approaches. The workshop was organized as part of a larger project undertaken by the NRC, the next phase of which (following the workshop) will be a consensus study on improving the assessment of proliferation risks associated with nuclear fuel cycles. This study will culminate in a report prepared by a committee of experts with expertise in risk assessment and communication, proliferation metrics and research, nuclear fuel cycle facility design and engineering, international nuclear nonproliferation and national security policy, and nuclear weapons design. This report is planned for completion in the spring of 2013.
Download or read book Safety of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research and Development Facilities written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It covers the lifetime of these facilities from site selection through to decommissioning, concentrating on design and operation. It applies to laboratories, pilot workshops and experimental facilities that store, handle and process uranium, plutonium and other transuranics, fission products and activated materials in significant quantities. Such facilities may be involved in the study of chemical, metallurgical or radiological properties of specific radioactive materials such as prototype nuclear fuels (before and after reactor irradiation) or nuclear material or radioactive waste arising from experimental processes. This Safety Guide also applies to research and development for processes and equipment that are envisaged for later use on an industrial scale for the nuclear fuel cycle (e.g. pilot workshops for active waste conditioning).
Download or read book Safeguards Systems Concepts for Nuclear Material Transportation written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book VISION A Dynamic Model of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative's (AFCI) fundamental objective is to provide technology options that - if implemented - would enable long-term growth of nuclear power while improving sustainability and energy security. The AFCI organization structure consists of four areas; Systems Analysis, Fuels, Separations and Transmutations. The Systems Analysis Working Group is tasked with bridging the program technical areas and providing the models, tools, and analyses required to assess the feasibility of design and deploy?ment options and inform key decision makers. An integral part of the Systems Analysis tool set is the development of a system level model that can be used to examine the implications of the different mixes of reactors, implications of fuel reprocessing, impact of deployment technologies, as well as potential?exit? or?off ramp? approaches to phase out technologies, waste management issues and long-term repository needs. The Verifiable Fuel Cycle Simulation Model (VISION) is a computer-based simulation model that allows performing dynamic simulations of fuel cycles to quantify infrastructure requirements and identify key trade-offs between alternatives. VISION is intended to serve as a broad systems analysis and study tool applicable to work conducted as part of the AFCI (including costs estimates) and Generation IV reactor development studies.
