Download or read book Click Models for Web Search written by Aleksandr Chuklin and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rapid growth of web search in recent years the problem of modeling its users has started to attract more and more attention of the information retrieval community. This has several motivations. By building a model of user behavior we are essentially developing a better understanding of a user, which ultimately helps us to deliver a better search experience. A model of user behavior can also be used as a predictive device for non-observed items such as document relevance, which makes it useful for improving search result ranking. Finally, in many situations experimenting with real users is just infeasible and hence user simulations based on accurate models play an essential role in understanding the implications of algorithmic changes to search engine results or presentation changes to the search engine result page. In this survey we summarize advances in modeling user click behavior on a web search engine result page. We present simple click models as well as more complex models aimed at capturing non-trivial user behavior patterns on modern search engine result pages. We discuss how these models compare to each other, what challenges they have, and what ways there are to address these challenges. We also study the problem of evaluating click models and discuss the main applications of click models.

Download or read book Information Retrieval written by Pavel Braslavski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-09 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 8th Russian Summer School on Information Retrieval, RuSSIR 2014, held in Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia, in August 2014. The volume includes 6 tutorial papers, summarizing lectures given at the event, and 8 revised papers from the school participants.The papers focus on various aspects of information retrieval.

Download or read book Click Models for Web Search written by Aleksandr Chuklin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rapid growth of web search in recent years the problem of modeling its users has started to attract more and more attention of the information retrieval community. This has several motivations. By building a model of user behavior we are essentially developing a better understanding of a user, which ultimately helps us to deliver a better search experience. A model of user behavior can also be used as a predictive device for non-observed items such as document relevance, which makes it useful for improving search result ranking. Finally, in many situations experimenting with real users is just infeasible and hence user simulations based on accurate models play an essential role in understanding the implications of algorithmic changes to search engine results or presentation changes to the search engine result page. In this survey we summarize advances in modeling user click behavior on a web search engine result page. We present simple click models as well as more complex models aimed at capturing non-trivial user behavior patterns on modern search engine result pages. We discuss how these models compare to each other, what challenges they have, and what ways there are to address these challenges. We also study the problem of evaluating click models and discuss the main applications of click models.

Download or read book Automatic Text Simplification written by Horacio Saggion and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to the availability of texts on the Web in recent years, increased knowledge and information have been made available to broader audiences. However, the way in which a text is written—its vocabulary, its syntax—can be difficult to read and understand for many people, especially those with poor literacy, cognitive or linguistic impairment, or those with limited knowledge of the language of the text. Texts containing uncommon words or long and complicated sentences can be difficult to read and understand by people as well as difficult to analyze by machines. Automatic text simplification is the process of transforming a text into another text which, ideally conveying the same message, will be easier to read and understand by a broader audience. The process usually involves the replacement of difficult or unknown phrases with simpler equivalents and the transformation of long and syntactically complex sentences into shorter and less complex ones. Automatic text simplification, a research topic which started 20 years ago, now has taken on a central role in natural language processing research not only because of the interesting challenges it posesses but also because of its social implications. This book presents past and current research in text simplification, exploring key issues including automatic readability assessment, lexical simplification, and syntactic simplification. It also provides a detailed account of machine learning techniques currently used in simplification, describes full systems designed for specific languages and target audiences, and offers available resources for research and development together with text simplification evaluation techniques.

Download or read book Dictionary of St Lucian Creole written by Lawrence D. Carrington and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1992 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book E Dictionnaire Hachette Oxford Compact written by Marie-Hélène Corréard and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 1496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Searchable English to French and French to English dictionaries, based on the Oxford-Hachette French dictionary. Contain a combined total of 175,000 words and phrases and provide 270,000 translations. Click on the first URL to access French to English dictionary; click on the second URL to access English to French dictionary.

Download or read book In Sensorium written by Tanaïs and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2022 Kirkus Prize Winner for Nonfiction Fragrance has long been used to mark who is civilized and who is barbaric, who is pure and who is polluted, who is free and who is damned— Focusing their gaze on our most primordial sense, writer and perfumer Tanaïs weaves a brilliant and expansive memoir, a reckoning that offers a critical, alternate history of South Asia from an American Bangladeshi Muslim femme perspective. From stories of their childhood in the South, Midwest, and New York; to transcendent experiences with lovers, psychedelics, and fragrances; to trips home to their motherland, Tanaïs builds a universe of memories and scent: a sensorium. Alongside their personal history, and at the very heart of this work, is an interrogation of the ancient violence of caste, rape culture, patriarchy, war, and the inherited ancestral trauma of being from a lush land constantly denuded, a land still threatened and disappearing because of colonization, capitalism, and climate change. Structured like a perfume—moving from base to heart to head notes—IN SENSORIUM interlaces eons of South Asian perfume history, erotic and religious texts, survivor testimonies, and material culture with memoir. In Sensorium is archive and art, illuminating the great crises of our time with the language of Liberation.

Download or read book On Uncertain Graphs written by Arijit Khan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large-scale, highly interconnected networks, which are often modeled as graphs, pervade both our society and the natural world around us. Uncertainty, on the other hand, is inherent in the underlying data due to a variety of reasons, such as noisy measurements, lack of precise information needs, inference and prediction models, or explicit manipulation, e.g., for privacy purposes. Therefore, uncertain, or probabilistic, graphs are increasingly used to represent noisy linked data in many emerging application scenarios, and they have recently become a hot topic in the database and data mining communities. Many classical algorithms such as reachability and shortest path queries become #P-complete and, thus, more expensive over uncertain graphs. Moreover, various complex queries and analytics are also emerging over uncertain networks, such as pattern matching, information diffusion, and influence maximization queries. In this book, we discuss the sources of uncertain graphs and their applications, uncertainty modeling, as well as the complexities and algorithmic advances on uncertain graphs processing in the context of both classical and emerging graph queries and analytics. We emphasize the current challenges and highlight some future research directions.

Download or read book Peace in Vietnam written by Richard Milhous Nixon and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Emotions and Personality in Personalized Services written by Marko Tkalčič and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Personalization is ubiquitous from search engines to online-shopping websites helping us find content more efficiently and this book focuses on the key developments that are shaping our daily online experiences. With advances in the detection of end users’ emotions, personality, sentiment and social signals, researchers and practitioners now have the tools to build a new generation of personalized systems that will really understand the user’s state and deliver the right content. With leading experts from a vast array of domains from user modeling, mobile sensing and information retrieval to artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction (HCI) social computing and psychology, a broad spectrum of topics are covered. From discussing psychological theoretical models and exploring state-of-the-art methods for acquiring emotions and personality in an unobtrusive way, as well as describing how these concepts can be used to improve various aspects of the personalization process and chapters that discuss evaluation and privacy issues. Emotions and Personality in Personalized Systems will help aid researchers and practitioners develop and evaluate user-centric personalization systems that take into account the factors that have a tremendous impact on our decision-making – emotions and personality.

Download or read book Slums of Urban Bangladesh written by University of Dhaka. Centre for Urban Studies and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Intelligent Information Access written by Giuliano Armano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-23 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written from a multidisciplinary perspective, Intelligent Information Access investigates new insights into methods, techniques and technologies for intelligent information access. The chapters are written by participants in the Intelligent Information Access meeting, held in Cagliari, Italy, in December 2008.

Download or read book Gunner s Mate 3 written by United States. Bureau of Naval Personnel and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book WTO Dispute Settlement at Twenty written by Abhijit Das and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on India’s participation in the WTO dispute settlement system, at a time when India has emerged as one of the most successful and prominent users of WTO dispute settlement among the developing countries. It offers a unique collection of perspectives from insiders – legal practitioners, policymakers, industry representatives and academics – on India’s participation in the system since its creation in 1995. Presenting in-depth analyses of substantive issues, the book shares rare insights into the jurisprudential significance, political economy contexts and capacity-building challenges faced by India. It closely examines India’s approach in effectively participating in the WTO’s dispute settlement mechanism including the framing of litigation strategies, developing legal and stakeholder infrastructure, implementing dispute settlement decisions, and the impacts of the findings of the WTO panels / Appellate Body on domestic policymaking and India’s long-term trade interests. In addition to discussing the key “classic” jurisprudential issues, the book also explores domestic regulatory and policy issues, complemented by selected case studies.

Download or read book The Ontario Curriculum Grades 1 8 written by Ontario. Ministry of Education and Training and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Marriage Divorce Remarriage written by Andrew J. Cherlin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1992-09-28 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With roller coaster changes in marriage and divorce rates apparently leveling off in the 1980s, Andrew Cherlin feels that the time is right for an overall assessment of marital trends. His graceful and informal book surveys and explains the latest research on marriage, divorce, and remarriage since World War II.Cherlin presents the facts about family change over the past thirty-five years and examines the reasons for the trends that emerge. He views the 1950s, when Americans were marrying and having children early and divorcing infrequently, as the aberration, and he discusses why this period was unusual. He also explores the causes and consequences of the dramatic changes since 1960--increases in divorce, remarriage, and cohabitation, decreases in fertility--that are altering the very definition of the family in our society. He concludes with a discussion of the increasing differences in the marital patterns of black and white families over the past few decades.

Download or read book The Jacobites written by Frank McLynn and published by . This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A very clear account of this famous episode in history.' The Sunday Times The Jacobite uprising - a period of turmoil following the removal of James II, in favour of his daughter, Mary II and her husband William III. The following century would witness political plots, military conflict, acts of espionage and religious scheming to secure the throne of the United Kingdom for both James and his son, 'Bonnie Prince Charlie'. The Jacobite cause drew in allies and enemies, domestic and foreign. James, while exiled in both France and Italy, endures a life of boredom, repeated illness and loneliness as Charles breaks off contact. Funding, both Papal and French, is used up as efforts to return to rule culminate in defeat at Culloden. Frank McLynn has thoroughly researched this incredible period of history moving forward into the Hanoverian dynasty with careful assessment of all that Jacobitism stood for. Frank McLynn is a British author, biographer, historian and journalist. He is noted for critically acclaimed biographies of Napoleon Bonaparte, Robert Louis Stevenson, Carl Jung, Richard Francis Burton and Henry Morton Stanley. He is also the author of Fitzroy Maclean and Bipolar, a novel about Roald Amundsen, published by Sharpe Books. Praise for Frank McLynn: 'Frank McLynn's achievement ... is to give Charles Edward a solidarity and three-dimensional reality that he usually lacks ... His account of the risings themselves is exemplary and he offers the best case yet for the nearness to success of the '45. What is usually seen as the last shiver of an anachronistic and romantic throwback emerges as a genuine alternative to Whiggery and the Act of Settlement.' Brian Morton, TES 'A broad canvas, dealing not only with sober historical truth but with the magic spell that either seduced or repelled Fielding, Sterne, Smollett, Burns, Scott, Borrow, Buchan, Stevenson and a hundred Irish poets...' Diarmaid O'Muirithe, Irish Independent 'A readable and fresh study ... thoroughly researched.' Esmond Wright, Contemporary Review 'Valuable in covering the wide sweep of Scotland, England, Ireland and the Continent, and bringing together many diverse strands into a coherent whole. Its wide range and taut approach make it very useful.' Rennie McOwan, The Tablet 'Packed with fascinating detail.' Denis Hills, choosing his book of the year in the Spectator 'Fitzroy Maclean has found his Boswell in Frank McLynn.' Trevor Royle, Scotland on Sunday 'Most entertaining.' Richard West 'Important, timely and balanced.' Soldier