Download or read book The Russian Second Generation in Tallinn and Kohtla J rve written by Raivo Vetik and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second-generation Russians face two major integration challenges in the Estonian cities of Tallinn and Kohtla-J©Þrve. They are segregated from an Estonian language society whose historical background lies in the policies and social processes of the former Soviet Union. And, compared to their peers, they face an emerging disparity in social and economic opportunities. Such inequality comes largely as the result of newly formed, post-independence institutions, which incite protest among young Russians. With a potential to escalate into large-scale conflict, as exemplified by the Bronze Soldier cr.
Download or read book Strategic Frames written by Jennie L. Schulze and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2018-03-16 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joseph Rothschild Book Prize Honorable Mention Strategic Frames analyzes minority policies in Estonia and Latvia following their independence from the Soviet Union. It weighs the powerful influence of both Europe and Russia on their policy choices, and how this intersected with the costs and benefits of policy changes for the politicians in each state. Prior to EU accession, policymakers were slow to adopt minority-friendly policies for ethnic Russians despite mandates from the European Union. These initiatives faced majority opposition, and politicians sought to maintain the status quo and their positions. As Jennie L. Schulze reveals, despite the credit given to the democratizing influence of European institutions, they have rarely produced significant policy changes alone, and then only when domestic constraints were low. Whenever domestic opposition was high, Russian frames were crucial for the passage of reforms. In these cases, Russia’s activism on behalf of Russian speakers reinforced European frames, providing powerful justifications for reform. Schulze’s attention to both the strategic framing and counter framing of external actors explains the controversies, delays, and suboptimal outcomes surrounding the passage of “conditional” amendments in both cases, as well as the local political climate postaccession. Strategic Frames offers a significant reference on recent developments in two former Soviet states and the rapidly evolving spheres of political influence in the postindependence era that will serve students, scholars, and policymakers alike.
Download or read book Russian Soft Power in the 21st Century written by Heather A. Conley and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the current state of relations among Russia, Estonia, and ethnic Russians living in Estonia. The report pays special attention to the Russian Compatriot Policy, which seeks to codify the relationship of the Russian diaspora to its homeland, and to evaluate its effectiveness as a soft power foreign policy tool in Estonia. Analysis of this policy, as well as an understanding of Estonian domestic policies toward and relationships with the Russian minority within the country, has been conducted based on the results of a comprehensive survey conducted by CSIS in 2009 and 2010. The survey data were generated through interviews with over 3,000 individuals between the ages of 16 and 29, including equal numbers of Russians living in Russia, native Estonians living in Estonia, and ethnic Russians living in Estonia. This research not only helps shed light on the current state of affairs for the Russian minority in Estonia, but also gives clues as to where the situation is heading. The report includes an overview of historical issues confronting the Estonia/Russia relationship, with a particular focus on major disagreements regarding historical interpretations of World War II and the subsequent Soviet occupation of Estonia. This includes a description of the so-called 2007 Bronze Night incident and the waves of cyber attacks that followed. Estonian citizenship policies, with specific attention to Estonian language requirements, are also examined. This is followed by an in-depth overview of the Russian Compatriot Policy in Estonia, including its reach through nongovernmental organizations, the media, legal action, and the Russian Orthodox Church.
Download or read book Russians in Estonia written by United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Challenge of the Russian Minority written by Marju Lauristin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Russian Soft Power in the 21st Century written by Heather A. Conley and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the current state of relations among Russia, Estonia, and ethnic Russians living in Estonia. The report pays special attention to the Russian Compatriot Policy, which seeks to codify the relationship of the Russian diaspora to its homeland, and to evaluate its effectiveness as a soft power foreign policy tool in Estonia. Analysis of this policy, as well as an understanding of Estonian domestic policies toward and relationships with the Russian minority within the country, has been conducted based on the results of a comprehensive survey conducted by CSIS in 2009 and 2010. The survey data were generated through interviews with over 3,000 individuals between the ages of 16 and 29, including equal numbers of Russians living in Russia, native Estonians living in Estonia, and ethnic Russians living in Estonia. This research not only helps shed light on the current state of affairs for the Russian minority in Estonia, but also gives clues as to where the situation is heading. The report includes an overview of historical issues confronting the Estonia/Russia relationship, with a particular focus on major disagreements regarding historical interpretations of World War II and the subsequent Soviet occupation of Estonia. This includes a description of the so-called 2007 Bronze Night incident and the waves of cyber attacks that followed. Estonian citizenship policies, with specific attention to Estonian language requirements, are also examined. This is followed by an in-depth overview of the Russian Compatriot Policy in Estonia, including its reach through nongovernmental organizations, the media, legal action, and the Russian Orthodox Church.
Download or read book Remains of the Soviet Past in Estonia written by Francisco Martinez and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens to legacies that do not find any continuation? In Estonia, a new generation that does not remember the socialist era and is open to global influences has grown up. As a result, the impact of the Soviet memory in people’s conventional values is losing its effective power, opening new opportunities for repair and revaluation of the past. Francisco Martinez brings together a number of sites of interest to explore the vanquishing of the Soviet legacy in Estonia: the railway bazaar in Tallinn where concepts such as ‘market’ and ‘employment’ take on distinctly different meanings from their Western use; Linnahall, a grandiose venue, whose Soviet heritage now poses diffi cult questions of how to present the building’s history; Tallinn’s cityscape, where the social, spatial and temporal co-evolution of the city can be viewed and debated; Narva, a city that marks the border between the Russian Federation, NATO and the European Union, and represents a place of continual negotiation of belonging; and the new Estonian National Museum in Raadi, an area on the outskirts of Tartu, that has been turned into a memory field. The anthropological study of all these places shows that national identity and historical representations can be constructed in relation to waste and disrepair too, also demonstrating how we can understand generational change in a material sense. Praise for Remains of the Soviet Past in Estonia 'By adopting the tropes of ‘repair’ and ‘waste’, this book innovatively manages to link various material registers from architecture, intergenerational relations, affect and museums with ways of making the past present. Through a rigorous yet transdisciplinary method, Martínez brings together different scales and contexts that would often be segregated out. In this respect, the ethnography unfolds a deep and nuanced analysis, providing a useful comparative and insightful account of the processes of repair and waste making in all their material, social and ontological dimensions.' Victor Buchli, Professor of Material Culture at UCL 'This book comprises an endearingly transdisciplinary ethnography of postsocialist material culture and social change in Estonia. Martínez creatively draws on a number of critical and cultural theorists, together with additional research on memory and political studies scholarship and the classics of anthropology. Grappling concurrently with time and space, the book offers a delightfully thick description of the material effects generated by the accelerated post-Soviet transformation in Estonia, inquiring into the generational specificities in experiencing and relating to the postsocialist condition through the conceptual anchors of wasted legacies and repair. This book defies disciplinary boundaries and shows how an attention to material relations and affective infrastructures might reinvigorate political theory.' Maria Mälksoo, Senior Lecturer, Brussels School of International Studies at the University of Kent
Download or read book Beyond Post Soviet Transition written by Risto Alapuro and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Role of the Estonian Russian language Media in the Integration of the Russian speaking Minority Into Estonian Society written by Valeria Jakobson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estonia and Russia Estonians and Russians a Dialogue written by Margie Howell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identity in Formation written by David D. Laitin and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Russians in Estonia written by United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estonia a New Framework for the Estonian Majority and the Russian Minority written by Michael Geistlinger and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new framework for the Estonian majority and the Russian minority
Download or read book Estonia and Russia Estonians and Russians a Dialogue written by Margie Howell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Rights and Democratization in Estonia written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Integration and Violent Conflict in Post Soviet Societies written by Pål Kolstø and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2002 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory presented in this work's predecessor, Nation-Building and Ethnic Integration in Post-Soviet Societies: An Investigation of Latvia and Kazakhstan (1999), fails to explain why the Dniester war of 1992 broke out in Moldova while Estonia remained free of large- scale violence. Kolsto (Russian and East European area studies, U. of Oslo, Norway) presents six contributions that revisit the question of when ethnic strife is likely to break out after the removal of authoritarian government. After reviewing candidates for explanatory theories, four country studies explore the evidence and one contribution discusses the international setting. The final chapter compares theory to evidence and concludes that theories of resources and opportunities available to various groups are better predictors of violence than theories of grievances and relative discriminations. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book An Ethnic Perspective on Economic Reform written by Erik Andre Andersen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this book has its main emphasis on the consequences of privatisation for the Russian population in Estonia, The Book will attempt to answer the following questions by comparing the Estonians and the Russians.The process of restoration of the Republic of Estonia (which began to move fast in the late 1980’s and culminated with the declaration of national independence in 1991) is seen as an important political factor behind the economic reform in Estonia. This reform during the transition period is generally considered to be among the most successful in eastern Europe.
