Download or read book Russia s hybrid aggression lessons for the world written by Yevhen Mahda and published by ТОВ "Каламар". This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his new book, Yevhen Mahda identifies the causes of Russia’s hybrid aggression against Europe, focusing on conflict in Ukraine. He not only conducts historical analogies and informs the inhabitants of Europe about the dangers that the Kremlin carries, but also offers options for counteraction. The book is intended for policy-makers, specialists in the field of international relations, political scientists, and all who are not indifferent to changes in the modern world and the fate of Ukraine

Download or read book Hybrid Warfare in the Baltics written by Andrew Radin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the various possible forms of hybrid aggression in the Baltics and concludes that the major vulnerability of the Baltics is to conventional aggression.

Download or read book The New Politics of Russia written by Andrew Monaghan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether it is the conflict in Syria, the Winter Olympics in Sochi or the crisis in Ukraine, Russia dominates the headlines. Yet the political realities of contemporary Russia are poorly understood by Western observers and policy-makers. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, dominantpolitical narratives have focused on the theme of historical progress towards democracy, and more recently, on the increasing turn towards authoritarianism, and the major obstacle posed by President Vladimir Putin to Russia's development and reform.In this highly engaging book, Andrew Monaghan explains the importance of "getting Russia right". This book reflects on the evolution of Russia studies since the end of the Cold War, offering a robust critique of the mainstream view of Russia. It goes on to place the Ukraine crisis within a broaderhistorical framework and considers the ongoing evolution in Russian domestic politics. By delving into the depths of these difficult questions, the work offers a more dynamic and complex model for interpreting Russia.Exploring in detail the relationship between the West and Russia, the book charts the development of relations and investigates causes of the increasingly obvious sense of strategic dissonance. Monaghan examines the election year 2011-12, contextualizing the protest demonstrations and addressing theresponses of the authorities, and introduces the reader to the evolving Russian body politic: both present influential figures and those who are forming the leadership and opposition of the future.This book makes a significant contribution to public policy and academic debate and is a essential reading for students and scholars of Russian politics.

Download or read book Disinformation Narratives and Memory Politics in Russia and Belarus written by Agnieszka Legucka and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-05 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the ways in which Russia and Belarus use disinformation, "weaponised" historical narratives, and the politics of memory for domestic and foreign policy purposes, utilising these factors to justify aggressive foreign policy in defensive terms and, domestically, for legitimating local ruling elites, consolidating the states’ propaganda machines, and mobilising both societies around national power centres. Besides analysing Russian and Belarusian disinformation, geopolitical narratives, and policies, the book also assesses the effectiveness of these measures and discusses how the West can counteract the geopolitical narratives disseminated by Russia and Belarus that attempt to undermine Western democracies and weaken the resilience of its societies.

Download or read book The Russian Federation in Global Knowledge Warfare written by Holger Mölder and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-24 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines Russian influence operations globally, in Europe, and in Russia’s neighboring countries, and provides a comprehensive overview of the latest technologies and forms of strategic communication employed in hybrid warfare. Given the growing importance of comprehensive information warfare as a new and rapidly advancing type of international conflict in which knowledge is a primary target, the book examines Russia’s role in Global Knowledge Warfare. The content is divided into three parts, the first of which addresses conceptual issues such as the logic of information warfare, the role of synthetic media, and Russia’s foreign policy concepts, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on influence operations. The second part analyzes technological, legal and strategic challenges in modern hybrid warfare, while the third focuses on textual, cultural and historical patterns in information warfare, also from various regional (e.g. the Western Balkans, Romania, Ukraine, and the Baltic) perspectives. The book is primarily intended for scholars in the fields of international relations, security and the military sciences who are interested in Russian foreign policy and influence operations, but also their impact on the global security environment.

Download or read book Russia in Flames written by Laura Engelstein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laura Engelstein, one of the greatest scholars of Russian history, has written a searing and defining account of the Russian Revolution, the fall of the old order, and the creation of the Soviet state.

Download or read book Wars and the World written by Tim Kucharzewski and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2024-06-19 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a descriptive analysis of the Soviet/Russian wars in Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Georgia, as well as an in-depth exploration of the ways in which these wars are framed in the collective consciousness created by global popular culture. Russian and Western modalities of remembrance have been, and remain, engaged in a world war that takes place (not exclusively, but intensively) on the level of popular culture. The action/reaction dynamic, confrontational narratives and othering between the two “camps” never ceased. The Cold War, in many ways and contrary to the views of many others who hoped for the end of history, never really ended.

Download or read book Countering Hybrid Threats Lessons Learned from Ukraine written by N. Iancu and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2016-06-14 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ukrainian conflict has come to be considered as the most serious geopolitical crisis in Central and Eastern Europe since the end of the Cold War. Its implications extend well beyond the borders of Ukraine, and its impact on the security of the wider Black Sea region is, as yet, neither contained nor fully understood. This book contains 28 articles on the topic of hybrid warfare and related threats, delivered at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) 'Countering Hybrid Threats: Lessons Learned from Ukraine', held in Bucharest, Romania, in September 2015. This event brought together 50 experts from different fields and perspectives, including policymakers, security and intelligence practitioners, and academics. The presentations explored the nature of the Ukrainian conflict and the dynamic evolution of current security threats in Central and Eastern Europe and the Black Sea region with the aim of identifying the key drivers of the conflict and exploring the most efficient instruments and methods for conflict resolution. The book is divided into four sections entitled: challenges of hybrid warfare: multiple perspectives; hybrid war – an old concept with an extensive dimension; counteracting hybrid threats: lessons learned from Ukraine; and finally, the implications of the Ukrainian conflict for regional and Euro-Atlantic security. The book provides a timely reflection on recent events and will be of interest to all those wishing to improve their understanding of hybrid warfare and conflict resolution.

Download or read book The Art of War in an Age of Peace written by Michael O'Hanlon and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An informed modern plan for post-2020 American foreign policy that avoids the opposing dangers of retrenchment and overextension Russia and China are both believed to have "grand strategies"--detailed sets of national security goals backed by means, and plans, to pursue them. In the United States, policy makers have tried to articulate similar concepts but have failed to reach a widespread consensus since the Cold War ended. While the United States has been the world's prominent superpower for over a generation, much American thinking has oscillated between the extremes of isolationist agendas versus interventionist and overly assertive ones. Drawing on historical precedents and weighing issues such as Russia's resurgence, China's great rise, North Korea's nuclear machinations, and Middle East turmoil, Michael O'Hanlon presents a well-researched, ethically sound, and politically viable vision for American national security policy. He also proposes complementing the Pentagon's set of "4+1" pre-existing threats with a new "4+1" biological, nuclear, digital, climatic, and internal dangers.

Download or read book Russian Hybrid Warfare written by Ofer Fridman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade, 'Hybrid Warfare' has become a novel yet controversial term in academic, political and professional military lexicons, intended to suggest some sort of mix between different military and non-military means and methods of confrontation. Enthusiastic discussion of the notion has been undermined by conceptual vagueness and political manipulation, particularly since the onset of the Ukrainian Crisis in early 2014, as ideas about Hybrid Warfare engulf Russia and the West, especially in the media. Western defense and political specialists analyzing Russian responses to the crisis have been quick to confirm that Hybrid Warfare is the Kremlin's main strategy in the twenty-first century. But many respected Russian strategists and political observers contend that it is the West that has been waging Hybrid War, Gibridnaya Voyna, since the end of the Cold War. In this highly topical book, Ofer Fridman offers a clear delineation of the conceptual debates about Hybrid Warfare. What leads Russian experts to say that the West is conducting a Gibridnaya Voyna against Russia, and what do they mean by it? Why do Western observers claim that the Kremlin engages in Hybrid Warfare? And, beyond terminology, is this something genuinely new?

Download or read book Decentralization Regional Diversity and Conflict written by Hanna Shelest and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-28 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume focuses on the links between the ongoing crisis in and around Ukraine, regional diversity, and the reform of decentralization. It provides in-depth insights into the historical constitution of regional diversity and the evolution of center-periphery relationships in Ukraine, the legal qualification of the conflict in Eastern Ukraine, and the role of the decentralization reform in promoting conflict resolution, as well as modernization, democratization and European integration of Ukraine. Particular emphasis lies on the securitization of both regional diversity issues and territorial self-government arrangements in terms of Russia’s support for self-proclaimed Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics. The volume captures the complexity of contemporary “hybrid” conflicts, involving both internal and external aspects, and the hybridization and securitization of territorial self-governance solutions. It thus provides an important contribution to the debate on territorial self-government and conflict resolution.

Download or read book Russian Political Warfare Origin Evolution and Application Comprehensive Study of Putin s Hybrid Warfare Campaigns Against United States and the West Crimean Annexation Ukraine Gerasimov Model written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-07 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia's annexation of the Crimean Peninsula in 2014 and subsequent activities in Eastern Ukraine are not isolated incidents, but rather a new form of hybrid war, or asymmetric warfare. They are part of a decades-long and continent-spanning Russian political warfare (PW) campaign. Analysis of the origin, history, and evolution of Soviet/Russian PW from 1917 through today reveals that Russia is using PW to assert regional dominance and challenge the unipolarity of the United States and the West. A review of events in Ukraine demonstrates Russia is using its latest evolution of PW doctrine, the Gerasimov Model, to achieve strategic objectives while remaining below the military response threshold of the international community. This paper combines an empirical and case study review of PW, with lessons from the Cold War, to propose a conceptual framework and a supporting model for foreign policy makers, planners, and practitioners to better understand PW. Furthermore, it recommends the United States adopt a proactive PW strategy to support national policy objectives and counter the PW activities of Russia and other rising powers. United States Special Operations Forces are well-suited for PW and will play a pivotal role in a U.S. PW strategy that encompasses all elements of national power and synchronizes the interagency community.CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION: RUSSIAN POLITICAL WARFARE * CHAPTER II - POLITICAL WARFARE: ORIGINS AND IMPLEMENTATION * CHAPTER III - THE COLD WAR - PART I: SOVIET POLITICAL WARFARE 1947-1991 * CHAPTER IV - THE COLD WAR - PART II: U.S. POLITICAL WARFARE 1947-1991 * CHAPTER V - THE EVOLUTION OF RUSSIAN POLITICAL WARFARE 1991-2014 * CHAPTER VI - UKRAINE: RUSSIA'S CRISIS IN THE MAKING (1991-2013) * CHAPTER VII - RUSSIAN POLITICAL WARFARE: THE EVOLUTION OF THE GERASIMOV DOCTRINE AND ITS APPLICATION IN UKRAINE * CHAPTER VIII - HYPOTHESIS VALIDATION AND CONCLUSIONS * CHAPTER IX - OPERATIONAL CONCEPT: POLICY RECOMMENDATIONSAND ROLE OF USSOFRussia's PW affects U.S. national interests in three ways: it threatens the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), it destabilizes the global security status quo, and demonstrates that constitutional democracies are vulnerable to PW strategies. NATO's members are guaranteed collective defense against armed aggression, but NATO members in Eastern Europe fear that Russia's current tactics can undermine their sovereignty and redraw their borders without triggering an armed NATO response. As the quintessential status-quo power, U.S. interests are at stake in maintaining the balance of power within, and respect for, the current international system of laws, regulations, and traditions.Russia is demonstrating the effectiveness of using PW strategies to target constitutional democracies. If this trend is not reversed, then it will be repeated in other situations by different actors. America must successfully oppose Russian PW to prevent it from becoming the strategy of choice for emerging regional or global powers opposed to U.S. interests. A broader analysis of Russian PW origins, evolution, and current capacity is needed in order to provide U.S. foreign policy makers and executors with viable options to address it. General policy recommendations for U.S. PW are proposed, as well as specific policy recommendations to enable proactive U.S. PW and counter Russian PW. The policy recommendations are founded on the premise that the United States interagency community is well-structured to embrace PW. The Department of State and its country teams are ideal to take the lead on regional- and country-specific strategies, with all members of the interagency community playing critical roles in advancing a strategy that spans the entire DIME spectrum. USSOF are particularly well-suited for PW and are capable of augmenting interagency efforts across the DIME spectrum.

Download or read book Ukrainian Erotomaniac Fictions First Postindependence Wave written by Maryna Romanets and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ukrainian Erotomaniac Fictions explores the aggressive sexualization of the Ukrainian cultural mainstream after the collapse of the USSR as a counter-reaction to the Soviet state's totalitarian, repressive politics of the body. While the book's introduction includes concise sections on such pornified cultural forms as advertising, mass media, visual art, and film, its major focus is on textual production that has contributed significantly to the literary explosion in Ukraine, which began in the 1990s. Drawing on cultural, postcolonial, feminist, and gender theories, the book examines transgressive potentials of the erotic under postcolonial, postcommunist, and post-totalitarian conditions. It offers insight into the convoluted dialectics between the imported conventions of Western "porno-chic" and the received oppressive Soviet gender and sexual ideologies. Within a broad historical and cultural framework, the study considers writers' engagements in dialogues with their own tradition and colonial legacy, as well as with a variety of transcultural flows. By bringing together diverse erotomaniac fictions, Maryna Romanets charts the ways in which they are embedded in the processes of Ukraine's cultural decolonization.

Download or read book Russian Hybrid Warfare written by Mason Clark and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America’s current strategy for responding to the Russian threat is based on a misunderstanding of the Russian approach to war and exposes the United States and its allies to a high risk of strategic defeats. The 2018 US National Defense Strategy gives primacy to deterring major conventional great power wars. Russia also seeks to avoid such wars even as it designs a different way of waging war to achieve its revisionist objectives. The US largely views this Russian approach, hybrid war, as a set of activities below the level of conventional conflict. But Russia includes significant conventional conflict in its conception and execution of hybrid war. If the US continues to focus on deterring the kind of war Russia does not intend to fight while underestimating the role military force can and must play in preventing Moscow from accomplishing its aims through hybrid war, then the US will likely suffer serious strategic defeats even as its defense strategy technically succeeds. The Kremlin is even now waging a hybrid war against the United States. The Kremlin assesses that hybrid wars already dominate 21st century conflict and will continue to do so. The Kremlin believes it must adapt to win this struggle, profoundly shaping Russian military development and assessments of the future of war. Russian hybrid wars include the use of significant conventional forces and conflict. The Russian military defines a “hybrid war” as a strategic-level effort to shape the governance and geostrategic orientation of a target state in which all actions, up to and including the use of conventional military forces in regional conflicts, are subordinate to an information campaign. The Russians define hybrid war precisely and coherently as a type of war, rather than a set of means to conduct state policy. The U.S discussion of hybrid war overly focuses on the means short of conventional forces and conflict that the Russians have most famously used. The Russian soldiers without insignia (“little green men”) who helped seize Crimea in 2014, and the proxies Russia uses in eastern Ukraine, are most often the focus of Western assessments about how to respond to Russian hybrid war. The Russian conception of hybrid war is much more expansive. It covers the entire “competition space,” including subversive, economic, information, and diplomatic means, as well as the use of military forces extending above the upper threshold of the “gray zone” concept that more accurately captures the Chinese approach to war.

Download or read book The Scourge of Russian Disinformation written by Commission on Security and Cooperation I and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's hearing focuses on the pressing issue of Russian disinformation, and how it undermines the security and human rights of people in the OSCE [Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe] region. Disinformation is an essential part of Russia's hybrid warfare against the United States and the liberal world order. As one of our distinguished panel witnesses today wrote in her recent article, "The Russian security state defines America as the primary adversary. The Russians know they cannot compete head to head with us economically, militarily, technologically, so they create new battlefields. They are not aiming to become stronger than us, but to weaken us until we are equivalent." Through its active-measures campaign that includes aggressive interference in Western elections, Russia aims to sow fear, discord, and paralysis that undermines democratic institutions and weakens critical Western alliances such as NATO and the EU. Russia's ultimate goal is to replace the Western-led world order of laws and institutions with an authoritarian-led order that recognizes only masters and vassals. Our feeble response to Russian aggression in Ukraine and their interference in our elections has emboldened the Kremlin to think that such a new world order is not only possible, but imminent. We must not let Russian activities go with impunity. We must identify and combat them utilizing every tool at our disposal.

Download or read book The Lands in Between written by Mitchell A. Orenstein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia's stealth invasion of Ukraine and its assault on the US elections in 2016 forced a reluctant West to grapple with the effects of hybrid war. While most citizens in the West are new to the problems of election hacking, state-sponsored disinformation campaigns, influence operations by foreign security services, and frozen conflicts, citizens of the frontline states between Russia and the European Union have been dealing with these issues for years. The Lands in Between: Russia vs. the West and the New Politics of Russia's Hybrid War contends that these "lands in between" hold powerful lessons for Western countries. For Western politics is becoming increasingly similar to the lands in between, where hybrid warfare has polarized parties and voters into two camps: those who support a Western vision of liberal democracy and those who support a Russian vision of nationalist authoritarianism. Paradoxically, while politics increasingly boils down to a zero sum "civilizational choice" between Russia and the West, those who rise to the pinnacle of the political system in the lands in between are often non-ideological power brokers who have found a way to profit from both sides, taking rewards from both Russia and the West. Increasingly, the political pathologies of these small, vulnerable, and backwards states in Europe are our problems too. In this deepening conflict, we are all lands in between.

Download or read book Russia and Hybrid Warfare Identifying Critical Elements in Successful Applications of Hybrid Tactics Putin s Crimea Annexation Ukraine 1923 German Revolution Germany s Austria Annexation written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2016-12-07 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014, hybrid war became a buzzword within political and academic circles. This study examines hybrid warfare applications using contemporary and historical examples. The analysis seeks to determine why a country was or was not successful in its execution of hybrid war, and it assesses the geopolitical context of cost, benefit, and risk for an aggressor state contributing to its decision to engage in hybrid warfare. The case studies selected include the 1923 German Communist Revolution, Germany's 1938 annexation of Austria, the 2008 Russia-Georgia War, and the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. In each case study, a state went on the offensive, deliberately choosing hybrid tactics to obtain an objective. Ultimately, the study objective strives to deepen our understanding of hybrid war, and to extrapolate how one seemingly minor hybrid event can be tied into a broader goal of an aggressor state in its interactions with a defender state. The analysis of the case studies suggests that the length of the conflict, local support, consolidated leadership, and the power balance between the two states involved have contributed to the success of state-sponsored hybrid war.CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION * A. MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTION * B. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH QUESTION * C. LITERATURE REVIEW * D. CRITIQUES OF TERM HYBRID WAR * E. OTHER ASPECTS TO BE CONSIDERED * F. POTENTIAL EXPLANATIONS AND HYPOTHESES * G. RESEARCH DESIGN * H. STUDY OVERVIEW AND DRAFT CHAPTER OUTLINE * CHAPTER II - THE 1923 COMMUNIST REVOLUTION IN GERMANY * A. GERMAN AND SOVIET POLITICAL BACKGROUND * B. BUILD UP AND EVENTS LEADING TO THE REVOLUTION ATTEMPT * C. WHY DID THIS HYBRID CONFLICT FAIL? * D. LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT APPLICATION AND EXECUTION OF HYBRID WAR * 1. Military * 2. Propaganda * 3. Local Support * 4. Leadership Consensus * E. BROADER GEO-POLITICAL CONTEXT - WHY CHOOSE HYBRID STRATEGY? * F. HOW IS THIS CASE STUDY RELEVANT TO CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN ACTIONS IN UKRAINE? * G. CONCLUSION * CHAPTER III - THE ANSCHLUSS * A. GERMAN AND AUSTRIAN BACKGROUND * B. 1936 AGREEMENT * C. BERCHTESGADEN CONFERENCE * D. THE SURPRISE PLEBISCITE * E. WHAT MADE THIS HYBRID CONFLICT SUCCESSFUL? * F. LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT APPLICATION AND EXECUTION OF HYBRID WAR * 1. Local Support * 2. Propaganda * 3. Economy * 4. Military * 5. Leadership Consensus * G. FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS * H. INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE * I. BROADER GEO-POLITICAL CONTEXT: WHY CHOOSE HYBRID STRATEGY? * J. HOW IS THIS CASE STUDY RELEVANT TO CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN ACTIONS IN UKRAINE? * K. CONCLUSION * CHAPTER IV - THE 2008 RUSSIA-GEORGIA WAR * A. RUSSIAN AND GEORGIAN POLITICAL CONTEXT * B. THE EVENTS BUILDING UP TO AND START OF WAR * C. ASSESSING RUSSIAN SUCCESSES AND FAILURES IN GEORGIA * D. LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF HYBRID WAR * 1. Diplomatic * 2. Propaganda * 3. Cyber * 4. Leadership * E. INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO RUSSIA'S ACTIONS * F. BROADER GEO-POLITICAL CONTEXT: WHY CHOOSE HYBRID STRATEGY * G. CONCLUSION: IMPLICATIONS FOR RUSSIA AND UKRAINE TODAY * CHAPTER V - THE 2014 RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN CONFLICT * A. RUSSIAN AND UKRAINIAN POLITICAL BACKGROUND * B. EVENTS LEADING TO ANNEXATION OF CRIMEA AND WAR IN THE DONBAS * C. ASSESSING RUSSIAN SUCCESSES AND FAILURES IN UKRAINE * D. LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF HYBRID WAR * 1. Diplomatic * 2. International Law Interpretations * 3. Propaganda * 4. Use of Economy * 5. Local Support * E. INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO RUSSIA'S ACTIONS * F. BROADER GEO-POLITICAL CONTEXT: WHY CHOOSE HYBRID STRATEGY * G. CONCLUSION * CHAPTER VI - CONCLUSION