Download or read book Running Deep Learning Applications on Resource Constrained Devices written by Naveen Vedula and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high accuracy of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) come at the expense of high computational cost and memory requirements. During inference, the data is often collected on the edge device which are resource-constrained. The existing solutions for edge deployment include i) executing the entire DNN on the edge (EDGE-ONLY), ii) sending the input from edge to cloud where the DNN is processed (CLOUD-ONLY), and iii) splitting the DNN to execute partially on the edge and partially on the cloud (SPLIT). The choice of deployment between EDGE-ONLY, CLOUD-ONLY and SPLIT is determined by several operating constraints such as device resources and network speed, and application constraints such as latency and accuracy. The EDGE-ONLY approach requires compact DNN with low compute and memory requirements. Thus, the emerging class of DNNs employ low-rank convolutions (LRCONVs) which reduce one or more dimensions compared to the spatial convolutions (CONV). Prior research in hardware accelerators has largely focused on CONVs. The LRCONVs such as depthwise and pointwise convolutions exhibit lower arithmetic intensity and lower data reuse. Thus, LRCONVs result in low hardware utilization and high latency. In our first work, we systematically explore the design space of Cross-layer dataflows to exploit data reuse across layers for emerging DNNs in EDGE-ONLY scenarios. We develop novel fine-grain cross-layer dataflows for LRCONVs that support partial loop dimension completion. Our tool, X-Layer decouples the nested loops in a pipeline and combines them to create a common outer dataflow and several inner dataflows. The CLOUD-ONLY approach can suffer from high latency due to the high transmission cost of large input data from the edge to the cloud. This could be a problem, especially for latency-critical applications. Thankfully, the SPLIT approach reduces latency compared to the CLOUD-ONLY approach. However, existing solutions only split the DNN in floating-point precision. Executing floating-point precision on the edge device can occupy large memory and reduce the potential options for SPLIT solutions. In our second work, we expand and explore the search space of SPLIT solutions by jointly applying mixed-precision post-training quantization and DNN graph split. Our work, Auto-Split finds a balance in the trade-off among the model accuracy, edge device capacity, transmission cost, and the overall latency.

Download or read book TinyML written by Pete Warden and published by O'Reilly Media. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep learning networks are getting smaller. Much smaller. The Google Assistant team can detect words with a model just 14 kilobytes in size—small enough to run on a microcontroller. With this practical book you’ll enter the field of TinyML, where deep learning and embedded systems combine to make astounding things possible with tiny devices. Pete Warden and Daniel Situnayake explain how you can train models small enough to fit into any environment. Ideal for software and hardware developers who want to build embedded systems using machine learning, this guide walks you through creating a series of TinyML projects, step-by-step. No machine learning or microcontroller experience is necessary. Build a speech recognizer, a camera that detects people, and a magic wand that responds to gestures Work with Arduino and ultra-low-power microcontrollers Learn the essentials of ML and how to train your own models Train models to understand audio, image, and accelerometer data Explore TensorFlow Lite for Microcontrollers, Google’s toolkit for TinyML Debug applications and provide safeguards for privacy and security Optimize latency, energy usage, and model and binary size

Download or read book Efficacy of Deep Learning in Support of Smart Services written by Basheer Mohammed Basheer Qolomany and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The massive amount of streaming data generated and captured by smart service appliances, sensors and devices needs to be analyzed by algorithms, transformed into information, and minted to extract knowledge to facilitate timely actions and better decision making. This can lead to new products and services that can dramatically transform our lives. Machine learning and data analytics will undoubtedly play a critical role in enabling the delivery of smart services. Within the machine-learning domain, Deep Learning (DL) is emerging as a superior new approach that is much more effective than any rule or formula used by traditional machine learning. Furthermore, it can even alleviate engineers from the task of defining features. This research explores the efficacy of DL in support of smart services. Despite recent advancements in DL for Internet of Things (IoT) smart services, there are still significant challenges that need to be addressed for this technology to mature. Hyper parameter tuning for DL models, besides the expensive computational cost and heavy memory overhead make DL unaffordable. In order to address these challenges, we propose a two-pronged solution. Successful application of DL requires careful and sometimes very expensive hyper parameter searches, tuning, and testing. Manual parameter setting, and grid search are common approaches that can ease the users tasks for setting these important parameters values of the DL models. Nonetheless, these two approaches can be very time-consuming. Optimization methods therefore need to be used to help find optimal parameter settings. In this research, we show that the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique holds a great potential to optimize parameter settings; thus, saving valuable computational resources during the tuning process of DL models. Another goal that we focus on during this research, is to investigate techniques to optimize execution of DL models on resource-constrained wearable IoT devices. Because of their overhead (e.g., memory, computation and energy), DL models are yet to become mainstream on mobile/IoT embedded platforms. Therefore, one of the main objectives of this research is to utilize cloud hosted Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) providers to collect big data from the resource-constrained devices and build prediction models on the cloud. Those prediction models are then sent to the underlying resource-constrained devices to be run locally without necessarily being always connected to the cloud. However, models' trust represents a potentially serious threat in this paradigm. In this research, we propose a heuristic that maximizes the level of trust of DL models by selecting a subset of models from a superset of models. During each period, our proposed heuristic switches between the subset of selected models in order to maximize the trustworthiness while respecting given reconfiguration budget and rate. Due to the difficulty of the problem in real-world scenarios, we propose an intelligent real-time heuristic that can be used in large-scale deployments of IoT resource-constrained devices. The heuristic algorithm strives to make learning techniques more trustworthy since it avoids frequent reconfigurations. This also minimizes the communications overhead between the cloud and the resource-constrained devices. We prove that the competitive ratio of our proposed heuristic is O(1) when the reconfiguration rate is proportional to the total time and the reconfiguration budget is constant. Therefore, our proposed heuristic achieves an optimal competitive ratio in a polynomial time approximation scheme for the problem.

Download or read book IoT enabled Convolutional Neural Networks Techniques and Applications written by Mohd Naved and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-05-08 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a type of deep neural network that has become dominant in a variety of computer vision tasks, in recent years, CNNs have attracted interest across a variety of domains due to their high efficiency at extracting meaningful information from visual imagery. CNNs excel at a wide range of machine learning and deep learning tasks. As sensor-enabled internet of things (IoT) devices pervade every aspect of modern life, it is becoming increasingly critical to run CNN inference, a computationally intensive application, on resource-constrained devices. Through this edited volume, we aim to provide a structured presentation of CNN-enabled IoT applications in vision, speech, and natural language processing. This book discusses a variety of CNN techniques and applications, including but not limited to, IoT enabled CNN for speech denoising, a smart app for visually impaired people, disease detection, ECG signal analysis, weather monitoring, texture analysis, etc. Unlike other books on the market, this book covers the tools, techniques, and challenges associated with the implementation of CNN algorithms, computation time, and the complexity associated with reasoning and modelling various types of data. We have included CNNs' current research trends and future directions.

Download or read book Deep Learning Applications Volume 3 written by M. Arif Wani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a compilation of extended version of selected papers from the 19th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (IEEE ICMLA 2020) and focuses on deep learning networks in applications such as pneumonia detection in chest X-ray images, object detection and classification, RGB and depth image fusion, NLP tasks, dimensionality estimation, time series forecasting, building electric power grid for controllable energy resources, guiding charities in maximizing donations, and robotic control in industrial environments. Novel ways of using convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural network, autoencoder, deep evidential active learning, deep rapid class augmentation techniques, BERT models, multi-task learning networks, model compression and acceleration techniques, and conditional Feature Augmented and Transformed GAN (cFAT-GAN) for the above applications are covered in this book. Readers will find insights to help them realize novel ways of using deep learning architectures and algorithms in real-world applications and contexts, making the book an essential reference guide for academic researchers, professionals, software engineers in the industry, and innovative product developers.

Download or read book Machine Learning under Resource Constraints Applications written by Katharina Morik and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-12-31 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine Learning under Resource Constraints addresses novel machine learning algorithms that are challenged by high-throughput data, by high dimensions, or by complex structures of the data in three volumes. Resource constraints are given by the relation between the demands for processing the data and the capacity of the computing machinery. The resources are runtime, memory, communication, and energy. Hence, modern computer architectures play a significant role. Novel machine learning algorithms are optimized with regard to minimal resource consumption. Moreover, learned predictions are executed on diverse architectures to save resources. It provides a comprehensive overview of the novel approaches to machine learning research that consider resource constraints, as well as the application of the described methods in various domains of science and engineering. Volume 3 describes how the resource-aware machine learning methods and techniques are used to successfully solve real-world problems. The book provides numerous specific application examples. In the areas of health and medicine, it is demonstrated how machine learning can improve risk modelling, diagnosis, and treatment selection for diseases. Machine learning supported quality control during the manufacturing process in a factory allows to reduce material and energy cost and save testing times is shown by the diverse real-time applications in electronics and steel production as well as milling. Additional application examples show, how machine-learning can make traffic, logistics and smart cities more effi cient and sustainable. Finally, mobile communications can benefi t substantially from machine learning, for example by uncovering hidden characteristics of the wireless channel.

Download or read book Development of a Federated Learning Software written by Utsha Khondkar and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade, research in AI (artificial intelligence) related technologies have been evolving at an ever growing rate. One of the reasons is evolution in computational resources that have enabled training deep neural network models that existed for a long time yet did not get as much attention as today due to the computational constraint. Research spans from core theoretical work that ensures generalizability and functionality of deep learning models, to cutting edge applications in domains of natural language processing, computer vision, speech recognition, reinforcement learning, and so on. The industry is also putting enormous funding and effort in search of better performing AI models and framework. In this context, federated machine learning has emerged by introducing a new point of view, to focus on deep learning models deployed to edge devices. Edge devices are usually more resource-constrained compared to large scale computing clusters, thus it has been explored how to best aggregate locally trained models with potentially private or different local dataset to construct a globally useful AI model. Furthermore, different federated learning schemes modify interaction patterns of edge devices or induce sparsity in models and datasets to enforce efficiency in communication. To support evaluation of federated learning algorithms, I designed and developed a software platform capable of running federated learning experiments and providing useful analytics to evaluate newly proposed fedearation schemes. I have made careful design choices and used implementation techniques inspired by experience from object oriented software development, which enables scalability, modularity, expandability and maintainability. The developed software adheres to those proposed objectives, showing robustness and flexibility to adopt to newly proposed decentralized federated learning schemes and provides meaningful experiments

Download or read book Hardware Aware Probabilistic Machine Learning Models written by Laura Isabel Galindez Olascoaga and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-19 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes probabilistic machine learning models that represent the hardware properties of the device hosting them. These models can be used to evaluate the impact that a specific device configuration may have on resource consumption and performance of the machine learning task, with the overarching goal of balancing the two optimally. The book first motivates extreme-edge computing in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. Then, it briefly reviews the steps involved in the execution of a machine learning task and identifies the implications associated with implementing this type of workload in resource-constrained devices. The core of this book focuses on augmenting and exploiting the properties of Bayesian Networks and Probabilistic Circuits in order to endow them with hardware-awareness. The proposed models can encode the properties of various device sub-systems that are typically not considered by other resource-aware strategies, bringing about resource-saving opportunities that traditional approaches fail to uncover. The performance of the proposed models and strategies is empirically evaluated for several use cases. All of the considered examples show the potential of attaining significant resource-saving opportunities with minimal accuracy losses at application time. Overall, this book constitutes a novel approach to hardware-algorithm co-optimization that further bridges the fields of Machine Learning and Electrical Engineering.

Download or read book Practical Deep Learning for Cloud Mobile and Edge written by Anirudh Koul and published by O'Reilly Media. This book was released on 2019-10-14 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether you’re a software engineer aspiring to enter the world of deep learning, a veteran data scientist, or a hobbyist with a simple dream of making the next viral AI app, you might have wondered where to begin. This step-by-step guide teaches you how to build practical deep learning applications for the cloud, mobile, browsers, and edge devices using a hands-on approach. Relying on years of industry experience transforming deep learning research into award-winning applications, Anirudh Koul, Siddha Ganju, and Meher Kasam guide you through the process of converting an idea into something that people in the real world can use. Train, tune, and deploy computer vision models with Keras, TensorFlow, Core ML, and TensorFlow Lite Develop AI for a range of devices including Raspberry Pi, Jetson Nano, and Google Coral Explore fun projects, from Silicon Valley’s Not Hotdog app to 40+ industry case studies Simulate an autonomous car in a video game environment and build a miniature version with reinforcement learning Use transfer learning to train models in minutes Discover 50+ practical tips for maximizing model accuracy and speed, debugging, and scaling to millions of users

Download or read book Machine Learning under Resource Constraints Fundamentals written by Katharina Morik and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-12-31 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine Learning under Resource Constraints addresses novel machine learning algorithms that are challenged by high-throughput data, by high dimensions, or by complex structures of the data in three volumes. Resource constraints are given by the relation between the demands for processing the data and the capacity of the computing machinery. The resources are runtime, memory, communication, and energy. Hence, modern computer architectures play a significant role. Novel machine learning algorithms are optimized with regard to minimal resource consumption. Moreover, learned predictions are executed on diverse architectures to save resources. It provides a comprehensive overview of the novel approaches to machine learning research that consider resource constraints, as well as the application of the described methods in various domains of science and engineering. Volume 1 establishes the foundations of this new field. It goes through all the steps from data collection, their summary and clustering, to the different aspects of resource-aware learning, i.e., hardware, memory, energy, and communication awareness. Several machine learning methods are inspected with respect to their resource requirements and how to enhance their scalability on diverse computing architectures ranging from embedded systems to large computing clusters.

Download or read book Research Anthology on Edge Computing Protocols Applications and Integration written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-04-01 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edge computing is quickly becoming an important technology throughout a number of fields as businesses and industries alike embrace the benefits it can have in their companies. The streamlining of data is crucial for the development and evolution of businesses in order to keep up with competition and improve functions overall. In order to appropriately utilize edge computing to its full potential, further study is required to examine the potential pitfalls and opportunities of this innovative technology. The Research Anthology on Edge Computing Protocols, Applications, and Integration establishes critical research on the current uses, innovations, and challenges of edge computing across disciplines. The text highlights the history of edge computing and how it has been adapted over time to improve industries. Covering a range of topics such as bandwidth, data centers, and security, this major reference work is ideal for industry professionals, computer scientists, engineers, practitioners, researchers, academicians, scholars, instructors, and students.

Download or read book Practical Deep Learning for Cloud Mobile and Edge written by Anirudh Koul and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2019-10-14 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether you’re a software engineer aspiring to enter the world of deep learning, a veteran data scientist, or a hobbyist with a simple dream of making the next viral AI app, you might have wondered where to begin. This step-by-step guide teaches you how to build practical deep learning applications for the cloud, mobile, browsers, and edge devices using a hands-on approach. Relying on years of industry experience transforming deep learning research into award-winning applications, Anirudh Koul, Siddha Ganju, and Meher Kasam guide you through the process of converting an idea into something that people in the real world can use. Train, tune, and deploy computer vision models with Keras, TensorFlow, Core ML, and TensorFlow Lite Develop AI for a range of devices including Raspberry Pi, Jetson Nano, and Google Coral Explore fun projects, from Silicon Valley’s Not Hotdog app to 40+ industry case studies Simulate an autonomous car in a video game environment and build a miniature version with reinforcement learning Use transfer learning to train models in minutes Discover 50+ practical tips for maximizing model accuracy and speed, debugging, and scaling to millions of users

Download or read book XxAI Beyond Explainable AI written by Andreas Holzinger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access book. Statistical machine learning (ML) has triggered a renaissance of artificial intelligence (AI). While the most successful ML models, including Deep Neural Networks (DNN), have developed better predictivity, they have become increasingly complex, at the expense of human interpretability (correlation vs. causality). The field of explainable AI (xAI) has emerged with the goal of creating tools and models that are both predictive and interpretable and understandable for humans. Explainable AI is receiving huge interest in the machine learning and AI research communities, across academia, industry, and government, and there is now an excellent opportunity to push towards successful explainable AI applications. This volume will help the research community to accelerate this process, to promote a more systematic use of explainable AI to improve models in diverse applications, and ultimately to better understand how current explainable AI methods need to be improved and what kind of theory of explainable AI is needed. After overviews of current methods and challenges, the editors include chapters that describe new developments in explainable AI. The contributions are from leading researchers in the field, drawn from both academia and industry, and many of the chapters take a clear interdisciplinary approach to problem-solving. The concepts discussed include explainability, causability, and AI interfaces with humans, and the applications include image processing, natural language, law, fairness, and climate science.

Download or read book Hands On Deep Learning for IoT written by Md. Rezaul Karim and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implement popular deep learning techniques to make your IoT applications smarter Key FeaturesUnderstand how deep learning facilitates fast and accurate analytics in IoTBuild intelligent voice and speech recognition apps in TensorFlow and ChainerAnalyze IoT data for making automated decisions and efficient predictionsBook Description Artificial Intelligence is growing quickly, which is driven by advancements in neural networks(NN) and deep learning (DL). With an increase in investments in smart cities, smart healthcare, and industrial Internet of Things (IoT), commercialization of IoT will soon be at peak in which massive amounts of data generated by IoT devices need to be processed at scale. Hands-On Deep Learning for IoT will provide deeper insights into IoT data, which will start by introducing how DL fits into the context of making IoT applications smarter. It then covers how to build deep architectures using TensorFlow, Keras, and Chainer for IoT. You’ll learn how to train convolutional neural networks(CNN) to develop applications for image-based road faults detection and smart garbage separation, followed by implementing voice-initiated smart light control and home access mechanisms powered by recurrent neural networks(RNN). You’ll master IoT applications for indoor localization, predictive maintenance, and locating equipment in a large hospital using autoencoders, DeepFi, and LSTM networks. Furthermore, you’ll learn IoT application development for healthcare with IoT security enhanced. By the end of this book, you will have sufficient knowledge need to use deep learning efficiently to power your IoT-based applications for smarter decision making. What you will learnGet acquainted with different neural network architectures and their suitability in IoTUnderstand how deep learning can improve the predictive power in your IoT solutionsCapture and process streaming data for predictive maintenanceSelect optimal frameworks for image recognition and indoor localizationAnalyze voice data for speech recognition in IoT applicationsDevelop deep learning-based IoT solutions for healthcareEnhance security in your IoT solutionsVisualize analyzed data to uncover insights and perform accurate predictionsWho this book is for If you’re an IoT developer, data scientist, or deep learning enthusiast who wants to apply deep learning techniques to build smart IoT applications, this book is for you. Familiarity with machine learning, a basic understanding of the IoT concepts, and some experience in Python programming will help you get the most out of this book.

Download or read book Introduction to TInyML written by Rohit Sharma and published by AITS Inc. This book was released on 2022-07-20 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an effort by AI Technology & Systems to demystify the TinyML technology including market, applications, algorithms, tools and technology. the book dive deeper into the technology beyond common application and keep it light for the readers with varying background including students, hobbyists, managers, market researchers and developers. It starts with introduction to TinyML with benefits and scalability. It introduces no-code and low-code tinyML platform to develop production worthy solutions including audio wake word, visual wake word, American sign language and predictive maintenance. Last two chapters are devoted to sensor and hardware agnostic autoML and tinyML compiler technologies. More information at http://thetinymlbook.com/

Download or read book TinyML for Edge Intelligence in IoT and LPWAN Networks written by Bharat S Chaudhari and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-17 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) has gained incredible importance due to its capabilities of creating lightweight machine learning (ML) frameworks aiming at low latency, lower energy consumption, lower bandwidth requirement, improved data security and privacy, and other performance necessities. As billions of battery-operated embedded IoT and low power wide area networks (LPWAN) nodes with very low on-board memory and computational capabilities are getting connected to the Internet each year, there is a critical need to have a special computational framework like TinyML. TinyML for Edge Intelligence in IoT and LPWAN Networks presents the evolution, developments, and advances in TinyML as applied to IoT and LPWANs. It starts by providing the foundations of IoT/LPWANs, low power embedded systems and hardware, the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in communication networks in general and cloud/edge intelligence. It then presents the concepts, methods, algorithms and tools of TinyML. Practical applications of the use of TinyML are given from health and industrial fields which provide practical guidance on the design of applications and the selection of appropriate technologies. TinyML for Edge Intelligence in IoT and LPWAN Networks is highly suitable for academic researchers and professional system engineers, architects, designers, testers, deployment engineers seeking to design ultra-lower power and time-critical applications. It would also help in designing the networks for emerging and future applications for resource-constrained nodes. This book provides one-stop solutions for emerging TinyML for IoT and LPWAN applications. The principles and methods of TinyML are explained, with a focus on how it can be used for IoT, LPWANs, and 5G applications. Applications from the healthcare and industrial sectors are presented. Guidance on the design of applications and the selection of appropriate technologies is provided.

Download or read book Edge Intelligence in the Making written by Sen Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the explosive growth of mobile computing and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, as exemplified by AR/VR, smart city, and video/audio surveillance, billions of mobile and IoT devices are being connected to the Internet, generating zillions of bytes of data at the network edge. Driven by this trend, there is an urgent need to push the frontiers of artificial intelligence (AI) to the network edge to fully unleash the potential of IoT big data. Indeed, the marriage of edge computing and AI has resulted in innovative solutions, namely edge intelligence or edge AI. Nevertheless, research and practice on this emerging inter-disciplinary field is still in its infancy stage. To facilitate the dissemination of the recent advances in edge intelligence in both academia and industry, this book conducts a comprehensive and detailed survey of the recent research efforts and also showcases the authors' own research progress on edge intelligence. Specifically, the book first reviews the background and present motivation for AI running at the network edge. Next, it provides an overview of the overarching architectures, frameworks, and emerging key technologies for deep learning models toward training/inference at the network edge. To illustrate the research problems for edge intelligence, the book also showcases four of the authors' own research projects on edge intelligence, ranging from rigorous theoretical analysis to studies based on realistic implementation. Finally, it discusses the applications, marketplace, and future research opportunities of edge intelligence. This emerging interdisciplinary field offers many open problems and yet also tremendous opportunities, and this book only touches the tip of iceberg. Hopefully, this book will elicit escalating attention, stimulate fruitful discussions, and open new directions on edge intelligence.